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Theories of language acquisition and their influence in early childhood
Theories of language acquisition and their influence in early childhood
Language development in children over the years
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Abstract
An underachiever in school can find themselves grouped under a generalized classification much too easily. A child should not be grouped with a group of underachievers and be placed under one certain classification and this happens much too often in our schools. A teacher must be aware of very specific and very personal problems that can cause a child to be considered an underachiever or a slow learner.
Confusion regarding this topic needs to be reduced in our schools. Some teachers are just too quick to identify and also to attempt to correct learning disabilities without the proper training or knowledge on the subject.
Developing Strategies to Impart Learning
There are several general categories into which most teachers will
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A lot of schools feel that all children should be exactly at the same level in each class and this is not true. Sometimes they will think that the children in this classification of slow learners are not capable of achieving at their chronological grade level. Sometimes, from the first grade on to other higher grades, a child just hasn't mastered the basic skills of learning. These children can get frustrated and even convince themselves that they cannot learn. In this instance teachers need to work with these students to teach the basic skills necessary for learning at the rate of normal student for his age. (Barr, R., Blachowicz, C. L. Z., Katz, C., & Kaufman, B., 2002).
Connections between Language Acquisition Process, Speech, Reading & Writing
Some children have problems with language development. A lack of language development can cause a child to be a slow learner. It is of much importance to see if a child has grown in the art of language and reading achievement, if not teachers need to work with these students to bring up their language levels so that they can reach maximum achievement in their
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whole language distinction has at least two realities: (1) as a split in instructional philosophies for teaching the acquisition and development of beginning literacy and (2) as a rather heated political debate playing itself out in the English-speaking countries (no doubt most divisively in the United States). I will look at the concepts of phonics and whole language in relation to these two contexts and then attempt to show how these concepts might prove meaningful and useful to EFL literacy.
Phonics is a way of teaching reading and spelling that stresses symbol-sound relationships, used especially in beginning instruction (Harris & Hodges, 1995, p. 186). This definition, of course, refers specifically to beginning instruction of native language literacy. There is a large set of different phonics approaches to such instruction, including: analytic, cluster, deductive, explicit, extrinsic, implicit, inductive, intrinsic, letter, synthetic, and whole-word (Harris & Hodges, 1995, p.
If deciding to hold back a child for not successfully completing their grade, it would result in low self - esteem, hinderance and humiliation, nada problem child. As a result of this child becoming a hinderance, gaining low self - esteem, and becoming a problem child. Reach out out and help these students that are struggling and are being left behind. Help them to understand what's happening better. Make these children feel as if they are the future, and they are not a hinderance nor a problem child. Help these children to gain something they lost, their self - esteem along with courage, pride, and mainly confidence.
In the article “An Indian Father’s Plea” the author explains how his son is being rejected from his school for being a “slow learner”. Robert lake states, “He is 5 years old, in kindergarten, and I can’t understand why you have already labeled him as a slow learner.”(Lake,75). As the article goes
Tom Smith, Edward Polloway, James Patton, and Carol Dowdy state, a 2008 report shows that 8.96% of the school-age population… have disabilities and of that number, 3.89% or almost half, were identified as learning disabled (2012, p. 160). Learning disabilities has always been a tough diagnosis due to accounting for a lot of factors like behavior, no proper teaching, culture and language, health issues, and other disability affecting learning. Not only that but there are different subject areas of learning disability in math, reading, and writing.
...etter than their own parents? With that being said in my future of teaching if I even come across as student with a learning disability I was always make an effort to talk to the parents and see what they would recommend, before just deciding myself, or leaving to an expert.
While perceptions of learning disabilities (LD) may vary according to country, culture, and teachers, it is often necessary to diagnose students in order to receive funding for services. It can be helpful to recognize those learning disabilities that students may have in order to provide extra assistance when necessary. It would be advantageous, too, if wide recognition of LD could take away the stigma that is often present. However, since LD is a multi-faceted topic, labeling often carries a negative connotation and can lead to ostracizing of students. It is beneficial for a student if the classification of a student with LD results in an enhanced educational experience.
Chen-Lin C. Kulik and James A. Kulik, "Effects of Ability Grouping on Secondary School Students: A Meta-Analysis of Evaluation Findings," American Educational Research Journal, 19 (1982)
The field has not quite reached consensus on definitions of LD, and there are professionals as well as members of the public who do not understand them or believe they exist. For example, in a Roper (1995) survey of 1,200 adults, 85% associated LD with mental retardation 66% with deafness, and 60% with blindness. In Rocco's (1997) research, faculty "questioned the existence of certain conditions or if they existed, the appropriateness of classifying the condition as a disability" (p. 158). However, most definitions describe learning disabilities as a group of disorders that affect the ability to acquire and use listening, speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or math skills (Gerber and Reiff 1994; National Adult Literacy and Learning Disabilities Center 1995a; National Center for Learning Disabilities 1997). These difficulties vary in severity, may persist across the lifespan, and may affect one or more areas of a person's life, including learning, work, and social and emotional functioning.
The National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities (1998) have defined learning disabilities as a general term that refers to a heterogeneous group of disorders manifested by significant difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening, speaking reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical skills (IJCP, 2013). Learning is acquisition of new knowledge, skills or attitude. Children during their early years of development learn to understand the spoken language first and then learn to speak. Subsequently during the school years learn to read, write and do arithmetic according to their age and intellectual capacity. But some children may not be able to learn one or more of these skills as per their age and intellectual capacity (Dr.Shah & Dr. Bhat, 2007).
The classroom is a diverse place where learners from all different genres of life meet. Included in these learners are those that display learning disabilities. According to the British Columbia School Superintendent’s Association, ‘learning disabilities refer to a number of conditions that might affect the acquisition, organization, retention, understanding or use of verbal or nonverbal information. These disorders affect learning in individuals who otherwise demonstrate at least average abilities essential for thinking and/or reasoning’. They also posit that ‘learning disabilities result from impairments in one or more processes related to perceiving, thinking, remembering or learning. These include, but are not limited to language processing,
People learn in a multitude of different ways and at a large variety of paces. Because at a young age everyone is just starting to figure out what style of learning works best for them and also at what pace they learn best, and not everyone is going to be the same. Some people are going to be way ahead of others while others are going to be a few steps behind, and those who are a few steps behind are sometimes seen as incompetent when that isn’t the issue. The issue is that their learning style and pace are different than those in the class and that they need more time to be able to learn what they’re being taught but the teacher has twenty some other students to teach and does not have the time to wait. Each and every persons learning style is as unique as they are and everyone needs to understand
How are Learning Disabilities Diagnosed? – A child is often diagnosed with a Learning Disability when they e...
Kids with learning disabilities may not be the best in the class room, but they are smarter than what most people think. A lot of people think that kids with L.D think that they are “dumb” or “lazy,” when really, they just have troubles understanding. One third of kids in Special Ed. have a learning disability. (Nichcy) One million kids between the ages of six and twenty -one, have a L.D. (Nichcy) Five to six percent have a learning disability between six and seven years old. (Daniel P. Hallaham, 2008) Boys outnumber the girls by three to one. (Daniel P. Hallaham, 2008) Since 1976, Learning Disabilities have more than doubled. (Daniel P. Hallaham, 2008)
The highest achievers and the lowest achievers in an elementary class can sometimes be treated differently because of their achievement levels. Without even knowing the class very well it can be determined who in the class is more likely to be a higher achiever and who is not as gifted. Even though it is evident sometimes who is the least and highest achievers a great deal of the time the best achievers can be overlooked if you simply watch a class for an hour.
Education is a profession which requires a teacher to be able to communicate with a multitude of students on a variety of levels. There is not a class, or student for that matter, that is identical. Therefore, teachers must be able to identify and help educate students from all different types of backgrounds and at different levels. Teaching a singular subject presents difficulties, but teaching students with disabilities should not be one. There are three main teaching areas that need to be focused on when teaching a student with a learning disability. Teachers need to focus on the strategies that will assist students with reading comprehension skills, writing skills, and maintaining appropriate behaviors in a classroom setting.
Poverty is immensely one of the main causes of illiteracy, which is the reason that minorities are so greatly affected. People of a lower socioeconomic status cannot afford to send their children to schools of adequate competency nor can they afford the materials needed for their children to succeed. Cultural influence can be an impacting factor in illiteracy because children mimic the things that they see. Parents are encouraged to read with or to their children to attempt to bre...