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Junky is a novel about the author and his history of using drugs and the encounters he had with friends he made while scoring. William Lee also known as Bill, who was born in 1914 into a wealthy family in a Midwest city. The story starts out when Bill was a young child and he describes how he was constantly scared, he has had hallucinations. He says how they made him afraid to go to bed because of the horrid dreams he would have, he was constantly worried that when he woke up they would be reality. He even stated as a child that he would like to take opium because he over heard a maid talk about how opium gives you good dreams. Little did he know less than 20 years later he would have a real problem with addiction and opium would be one of …show more content…
He paid $15 a week for a dirty apartment that was dark and never got any sunlight. When Bill started into the addiction of drugs it was almost easy. I say this because he had the money source to buy it. He claims that he never had the need for money, but after the addictions started that is when he found the need. Another way that I believe Bills life effected his mental status was the type of people he surrounded himself with. For instance, Bill had a friend named Norton. Norton was the type of guy who always found the need to steal no matter what it was. This is how Bill came into contact with his first drug, Morphine. Once Bill was hooked on drugs this did not help his mental status, a lot of the trips he would get from drugs would give him even more hallucinations. Where as others might have hallucinations that are happy, Bill had trips that were scary and very realistic to him.
Based on what we have gone over in class on schizophrenia paranoid type, I believe Bill fits right into this category. Although some of the classic traits of the diagnosis could also be categorized into you might what to call a “bad trip” because of the fact the he was a drug addict. Believe that he already that these symptoms and mixing them with drugs just made the symptoms shown just a lot worse for him. We know he has hallucination and delusions as a child even and is commonly shows paranoia from
William S. Burroughs wrote Naked Lunch as a conclusion to his fifteen-year addiction to opiates, mainly heroin and morphine. In his "tell all" story of himself as a junkie, he never tries to lie about any of the events that took place during this time and he never augments anything in order to make for a better story. Burroughs clearly depicted the distraught and dillusional life that he once led including his experiences with almost every drug possible and his encounters with sexual relations and situations that went against the status quo of the time (as it still does now). Burroughs' role as in artist in society, however, was that he was one of the people that clearly showed why the life of a drug addict was not as glorifying and "cool" as people falsely make it out to be. The phases of drug addiction are able to be clearly seen throughout the novel since Naked Lunch was a book written before, during, and after his drug rehabilitation.
At the age of twenty Charles’s experienced his first psychotic break. Not knowing what was happening Mother called the police as she believed the hallucinations and delusions were from marijuana and cocaine use. Charles was taken to the local jail and from there to the hospital when the symptoms remained for 12 hrs. At which time Charles was diagnosed with schizophrenia.
According the fourth edition diagnostic manual of mental disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2000), the category psychotic disorders (Psychosis) include Schizophrenia, paranoid (Delusional), disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, residual type. Other clinical types include Schizoaffective Disorder, Bipolar Affective Disorder/Manic depression, mania, Psychotic depression, delusional (paranoid) disorders. These are mental disorders in which the thoughts, affective response or ability to recognize reality, and ability to communicate and relate to others are sufficiently impaired to interfere grossly with the capacity to deal with reality; the classical and general characteristics of psychosis are impaired reality testing, hallucinations, delusions, and illusions. Mostly, these are used as defining features of psychosis even if there are other psychotic symptoms that characterise these disorders (L. Bortolotti, 2009).
Schizophrenia has multiple symptoms; according to the World of Health Organization, these symptoms include “delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and behavior [as well as depressive behavior].” Monomania
Drugs is one of the themes in this story that shows the impact of both the user and their loved ones. There is no doubt that heroin destroys lives and families, but it offers a momentary escape from the characters ' oppressive environment and serves as a coping mechanism to help deal with the human suffering that is all around him. Suffering is seen as a contributing factor of his drug addiction and the suffering is linked to the narrator’s daughter loss of Grace. The story opens with the narrator feeling ice in his veins when he read about Sonny’s arrest for possession of heroin. The two brothers are able to patch things up and knowing that his younger brother has an addiction.
Schizophrenia is a long term psychological effect that has affected him from taking drugs all these years. All these drugs have negatively affected this individual in the long run and there is no turn around. Once the damage is done it is
"From these symptoms, schizophrenia is divided into four sub-types determined by which symptoms are most prevalent", Strauss, 1987). The four sub-types are paranoid, hebephrenic, catatonic, and finally simple. Paranoid schizophrenics often suffer from either delusions, hallucinations, or both of a persecutory content. Hebephrenic schizophrenia is characterized by inappropriate emotions, disorganized...
Heroin was originally synthesized in 1874 by a man named C.R Alder Wright. Created as a solution to opium, a drug that had plagued many American households. It was originally produced for medical purposes evidently becoming highly addictive. Heroin “... was originally marketed as a non-addictive substance” (“History of Addiction”) which inevitably increased its popularity. It became especially popular in places of poverty. Heroin became a solution to struggle. So common it was almost as if heroin was a prescribed medicine for hardship. Known as “[a] treatment of many illnesses and pain” (“A brief history of addiction”) but later revealed that it caused more harm than good. Being so easily accessible it became immensely common among musicians.
Schizophrenia is a serious, chronic mental disorder characterized by loss of contact with reality and disturbances of thought, mood, and perception. Schizophrenia is the most common and the most potentially sever and disabling of the psychosis, a term encompassing several severe mental disorders that result in the loss of contact with reality along with major personality derangements. Schizophrenia patients experience delusions, hallucinations and often lose thought process. Schizophrenia affects an estimated one percent of the population in every country of the world. Victims share a range of symptoms that can be devastating to themselves as well as to families and friends. They may have trouble dealing with the most minor everyday stresses and insignificant changes in their surroundings. They may avoid social contact, ignore personal hygiene and behave oddly (Kass, 194). Many people outside the mental health profession believe that schizophrenia refers to a “split personality”. The word “schizophrenia” comes from the Greek schizo, meaning split and phrenia refers to the diaphragm once thought to be the location of a person’s mind and soul. When the word “schizophrenia” was established by European psychiatrists, they meant to describe a shattering, or breakdown, of basic psychological functions. Eugene Bleuler is one of the most influential psychiatrists of his time. He is best known today for his introduction of the term “schizophrenia” to describe the disorder previously known as dementia praecox and for his studies of schizophrenics. The illness can best be described as a collection of particular symptoms that usually fall into four basic categories: formal thought disorder, perception disorder, feeling/emotional disturbance, and behavior disorders (Young, 23). People with schizophrenia describe strange of unrealistic thoughts. Their speech is sometimes hard to follow because of disordered thinking. Phrases seem disconnected, and ideas move from topic to topic with no logical pattern in what is being said. In some cases, individuals with schizophrenia say that they have no idea at all or that their heads seem “empty”. Many schizophrenic patients think they possess extraordinary powers such as x-ray vision or super strength. They may believe that their thoughts are being controlled by others or that everyone knows what they are thinking. These beliefs ar...
[1]Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe brain disorder, though most people may call it an illness. With this disorder the person is more likely to experience “Imaginary friends”,[2] Hearing voices that are not there, and being very paranoid. The people who have schizophrenia are often withdrawn and can be agitated easily. [3]The main thought to the symptoms are known to be paranoia, although the symptoms can vary depending on the person and what type of schizophrenia that he or she may have. [6][7]There are five types of schizophrenia, which include, paranoid, disorganized, catatonic, undifferentiated, and residual schizophrenia.
Throughout David Sheff’s book, he incorporates detailed diction in describing his environment, past, and the people around him as to allow the reader to be able to imagine what he had seen during this course of his life. As the father of a drug addict, Sheff had also had his own experience with drugs, in which he describes this experience with words and phrases such as “I heard cacophonous music like a calliope”, “[The brain’s neurotransmitters flood with dopamine], which spray like bullets from a gangster’s gun” and “I felt
In his book Jesus’ Son, published by Picador in 1992, Denis Johnson tells the story about a man named Fuckhead who struggles with his addiction to heroin and with life in general. As a means to avoid reality, Fuckhead uses heroin as his drug of choice, but he also pops pills and drinks alcohol in order to escape and dream away. He loses touch
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV-TR) is a multiaxial classification system for mental disorders. The first axis includes an extensive list of clinical syndromes that typically cause significant impairment. In the case of John Nash, his Axis I diagnosis would be paranoid schizophrenia. According to the text, “people with paranoid type schizophrenia have an organized system of delusions and auditory hallucinations that may guide their lives” (Comer, 2011, p. 364). Nash suffered delusions of persecution, fearing that people were out to get him.
The involvement of a psychoactive substance along with symptoms related to other psychotic disorders narrows the diagnosis to “amphetamine-induced psychotic disorder” (APA, 2013). According to the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistics Manual of Mental Disorders, to be diagnosed with a substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder the patient needs to meet several criteria, the first of which is having hallucinations and/or delusions, both of which Sara is experiencing. Secondly, the patient’s history needs to show that symptoms manifested during or following intoxication or withdrawal with a substance that is capable of producing such symptoms; Amphetamines, and stimulants in general, are capable of causing psychosis or symptoms of it due to their ability to increase synaptic levels of dopamine (Calipari, E. S., & Ferris, M. J. 2013). Furthermore, Sara displayed no signs of psychotic symptoms until after her amphetamine use started. Sara’s symptoms did not occur exclusively during a course of delirium, and her symptoms are causing severe impairments in her overall ability to function. The final criteria states that Sara’s symptoms cannot be better explained by a similar, but not substance-induced, psychotic disorder; since she only
Center, N. D. (2004, April). Drug Abuse and Mental Illness. Retrieved Febrauary 9, 2011, from Justice.gov: http://www.justice.gov/ndic/pubs7/7343/7343p.pdf