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Toni morrison beloved analysis of beloved
Critical analysis of Toni Morrison's Beloved
Toni morrison beloved analysis of beloved
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Antony Kamel
African American Literature
Mr. Caulfield
25 March 2014
Title
Katherine Ann Porter, a short story writer once said “The past is never where you think you left it.” In Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved, Morrison depicts the journey of a family and how their past effects their whole life. In Beloved, Toni Morrison ultimately portrays the life-long effects of slavery and how it individually affects each character. Her main message is that slavery changes a person forever. Paul D becomes physically and emotionally tarnished. Sethe is unable to come to peace with her past because it was such a brutal experience. Beloved is a living reminder of the repercussions of slavery. Denver never experienced slavery and thus is the only character with an earthly connection.
Slavery breaks Paul D’s person; it changes him both physically and emotionally. When Paul D and Sethe are discussing their pasts, the narrator says, “Paul D had only begun, what he was telling her was only the beginning when her fingers on his knee, soft and reassuring, stopped him. Just as well. Just as well. Saying more might push them both to a place they couldn't get back from. He would keep the rest where it belonged: in that tobacco tin buried in his chest where a red heart used to be. Its lid rusted shut. He would not pry it loose now in front of this sweet sturdy woman, for if she got a whiff of the contents it would shame him. And it would hurt her to know that there was no red heart bright as Mister's comb beating in him” (86). Paul D begins to reminisce on his painful past, but he is afraid that if he and Sethe talk too much they will begin to uncover an emotional past. Paul D tries to avoid talking about his past at all costs and both have ways of cop...
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... also the strength of slavery.
Denver is affected by slavery in a different way. Every other character, as a result of slavery, is unable to become a contributing member to the word. Denver is the only one who is able to have a connection with the world. Sethe loses her mind, and Paul D is so caught up in his past that he cannot appreciate the present. Denver is the only character who develops her own opinions and beliefs. When she leaves 124 to seek a different life, she finds a new sense of individuality in herself. Denver is able to move on with her life because she never experienced slavery first hand. Morrison is using Denver as a way to draw a contrast between someone who experienced slavery versus someone who did not. Paul D and Sethe are timid and unable to move on, while Denver makes a name for herself and becomes her own person.
The novel Deliverance by James Dickey portrays the essence of middle-aged men experiencing the mid-life crisis through which they must prove to themselves and more importantly every one else that they still possess the strength, bravery, intelligence, and charm believed to be society's ideal of "masculinity." Dickey's four main characters undertake a risky adventure to satisfy their egotistical complexes and prove to the world that they are still the strong young men their wives married. Each character represents a different stereotype of the middle-aged man, and therefore experiences a different type of psychological and physical journey than their peers.
“I asked why the curse of slavery was permitted to exist, and why I had been so persecuted and wronged from youth upward.” Harriet Jacobs was born into slavery and knew from the start that it was wrong. You can only imagine what exactly men and women’s experiences were while going through life as a slave. “If you have never been a slave, you cannot imagine the acute sensation of suffering at my heart.” Jacobs details the abuses of slavery, and the struggles slaves went through. She often referred to slavery as the demon, a curse, or as venomous similar to that of a snake. Many slaves wished death upon themselves and even their children instead of continuing on with their life as being a slave. Slaves went through extremely harsh conditions and were abused not only physically but also mentally. Even through all the tragedies, slaves stayed strong and stuck together and did everything they could to assert their power and gain freedom or to help someone else gain it. “There are no bonds so strong as those which are formed by suffering together.”
Toni saw this opportunity to write this particular article into a novel to show people how the days of slavery were and the sacrifices those that had run away would make if they stood a chance to be recaptured. The novel also introduces us to the spirits of the souls that were lost and how they never rested in peace until they finished what they had left behind. Toni really captures the audience’s attention in this particular novel.
How would one feel and behave if every aspects of his or her life is controlled and never settled. The physical and emotional wrought of slavery has a great deal of lasting effect on peoples judgment, going to immense lengths to avoid enslavement. In the novel, Beloved, Toni Morrison uses the characters adversity to expose the real struggles of slavery and the impact it has on oneself and relationships. Vicariously living through the life of Sethe, a former slave who murdered one of her kids to be liberated from the awful life of slavery.
And when he saw me he'd see the drops of it on the front of my dress. Nothing I could do about that. All I knew was I had to get my milk to my baby girl. Nobody was going to nurse her like me. Nobody was going to get it to her fast enough, or take it away when she had enough and didn't know it. Nobody knew that she couldn't pass her air if you held her up on your shoulder, only if she was lying on my knees. Nobody knew that but me and nobody had her milk but me. I told that to the women in the wagon. Told them to put sugar water in cloth to suck from so when I got there in a few days she wouldn't have forgot me.
Beloved is one of Toni Morrison's most famous novels that was published in 1987 and earned her the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction the following year. In it the author vividly displays the horrors and devastating consequences of slavery and honors all the victims by giving them a voice to tell their unembellished side of the history. Although a person’s name plays an important role in the development of one’s identity and self, the names given to the African-American slaves by their masters were only one of the instruments of oppression and dehumanization they were subjected to that lead to the eventual loss of identity, both individual and collective.
Trauma: an emotional shock causing lasting and substantial damage to a person’s psychological development. Linda Krumholz in the African American Review claims the book Beloved by Toni Morrison aids the nation in the recovery from our traumatic history that is blemished with unfortunate occurrences like slavery and intolerance. While this grand effect may be true, one thing that is absolute is the lesson this book preaches. Morrison’s basic message she wanted the reader to recognize is that life happens, people get hurt, but to let the negative experiences overshadow the possibility of future good ones is not a good way to live. Morrison warns the reader that sooner or later you will have to choose between letting go of the past or it will forcibly overwhelm you. In order to cement to the reader the importance of accepting one’s personal history, Morrison uses the tale of former slave Sethe to show the danger of not only holding on to the past, but to also deny the existence and weight of the psychological trauma it poses to a person’s psyche. She does this by using characters and their actions to symbolize the past and acceptance of its existence and content.
So often, the old adage, "History always repeats itself," rings true due to a failure to truly confront the past, especially when the memory of a period of time sparks profoundly negative emotions ranging from anguish to anger. However, danger lies in failing to recognize history or in the inability to reconcile the mistakes of the past. In her novel, Beloved, Toni Morrison explores the relationship between the past, present and future. Because the horrors of slavery cause so much pain for slaves who endured physical abuse as well as psychological and emotional hardships, former slaves may try to block out the pain, failing to reconcile with their past. However, when Sethe, one of the novel's central characters fails to confront her personal history she still appears plagued by guilt and pain, thus demonstrating its unavoidability. Only when she begins to make steps toward recovery, facing the horrors of her past and reconciling them does she attain any piece of mind. Morrison divides her novel into three parts in order to track and distinguish the three stages of Sethe approach with dealing with her personal history. Through the character development of Sethe, Morrison suggests that in order to live in the present and enjoy the future, it is essential to reconcile the traumas of the past.
From the beginning, Beloved focuses on the import of memory and history. Sethe struggles daily with the haunting legacy of slavery, in the form of her threatening memories and also in the form of her daughter’s aggressive ghost. For Sethe, the present is mostly a struggle to beat back the past, because the memories of her daughter’s death and the experiences at Sweet Home are too painful for her to recall consciously. But Sethe’s repression is problematic, because the absence of history and memory inhibits the construction of a stable identity. Even Sethe’s hard-won freedom is threatened by her inability to confront her prior life. Paul D’s arrival gives Sethe the opportunity and the impetus to finally come to terms with her painful life history.
Citizens in poverty and on the edge of society without the protection of rule of law are vulnerable to slavery and its generational effects. The end goal of modern day slavery is the same as it was many years ago, to make a profit. “People do not enslave people to be mean to them. They do it to make a profit.”2 Globalization has left many on the fringes of society and has also created markets that exploits these second-class citizens. Modern day slavery is often hidden in plain sight, but it has had a detrimental impact on current human rights and the number of its victims has been difficult to account for.
2. Sex Trafficking: Involving commercial acts induced by force, fraud or coercion, or in which the person performing the act is under age 18. Victims can be found working in massage parlors, on the streets, in brothels, strip clubs, and escort services. (Williams, 2013)
Slavery is a system under which people are treated as property to be bought and sold, and are forced to work. Slavery was cruelty at its best. Slavery is described as long work days, a lack of respect for a human being, and the inability for a man or a woman to have gainful employment. The slaves were victimized the most for obvious reasons. Next on the list would be the families of both the slave and slave owners. At the bottom of the list would be the slave owners. Slavery does in fact victimize slaves, slave owner and their families by repeating the same cycle every generation.
In the film 12 Years a Slave, director Steve McQueen does a wonderful job of communicating to his audience the reality of slavery by portraying a true story in the form of movie scenes. Through the main actor Chiwetel Ejiofor’s performance, who plays the character Solomon Northup, we witness a complete change in a man’s life as Solomon becomes a slave, when he was once originally a free man (12 Years a Slave). Solomon was deceived by two white men name Hamilton (Taran Killam) and Brown (Scoot McNairy), who betrayed him by convincing Solomon to come to Washington for a temporary sufficient paying job as a violinist(12 Years a Slave). However, instead of landing the job, Solomon was forced into slavery (12 Years a Slave). This particular film reveals Solomon’s experiences struggling to live peacefully as a slave due to constant humiliation, which is a hardship common for nearly all the slaves he encountered. Furthermore, the movie also emphasizes the experiences and journey of another main actor name Lupita Nyong’o, who plays the role of Patsey. In the movie, Patsey was born into slavery and faces hardships as a female slave, mainly dealing with oppression from her male owner Edwin Epps (Micheal Fassbender) (12 Years a Slave). Personally, I found this movie extremely heartbreaking because it was sad watching white owners treat their black slaves horribly due to the ideals of racism. Racism is portrayed throughout the entire film in order for McQueen to successfully share this true story and allow his audience to understand how inhumane slavery really was through Solomon and Patsey’s experiences.
In Toni Morrison’s novel, Beloved, Morrison uses universal themes and characters that anyone can relate to today. Set in the 1800s, Beloved is about the destructive effects of American slavery. Most destructive in the novel, however, is the impact of slavery on the human soul. Morrison’s Beloved highlights how slavery contributes to the destruction of one’s identity by examining the importance of community solidarity, as well as the powers and limits of language during the 1860s.
Frederick Douglass was born into the lifelong, evil, bondage of slavery. His autobiography, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, An American Slave, Written by Himself, depicts his accomplishments. The narrative, however, is not only the story of his success. It is not simply a tale of his miraculous escape from slavery. Frederick Douglass' narrative is, in fact, an account of his tremendous strides through literacy. He exemplifies a literate man who is able to use the psychological tools of thought to escape the intense bonds of slavery.