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Negative effects of gm food
Gm and food essay
An introduction for GM food essay
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Utilitarianism strengths: • Increases efficiency and productivity. • Maximizing the profit. Utilitarianism weaknesses: • Difficult to evaluate all vital variables. • Can become improper distribution of resources. • Can result in restricting some people’s rights to achieve the useful outcome. Human rights strengths: • Protects the individual from getting hurt and identifythe sense of freedom. • Establishes norms of social behavior that are autonomus of results. Human rights weaknesses: • Can motivate individualistic, selfish behavior that intrudes with order and communication. • Identifies personal advantages that may discoverobstacles in productivity and efficiency.(Robert, 2013) For this reason, in the following we analyze the theory behind the technology ofgenetically modified organism.GM food were first commercialised in the US in the early 1990s. The US food regulator, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), allowed the first GM foods onto world markets in spite of its own scientists‘ warnings that genetic engineering is different from conventional breeding and poses special risks, including the production of new toxins or allergens (Shibko, 1992) The FDA formed a policy for GM foods that did not require any safety tests or labeling. The US FDA’s approach to assessing the safety of GM crops and foods is based on the concept of substantial equivalence, which was first put forward by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), a body dedicated not to protecting public health but to facilitating international trade. (OECD working group on food safety and biotechnology, 1993) Substantial equivalence assumes that if a GMO contains similar amounts of a few basic components such as protein, fat and carbohydrat... ... middle of paper ... ...evidence regarding the safety or harmfulness of GM foods. Such evidence would normally consist of long-term animal feeding studies comparing one group of animals fed diet ingredients in non-GM form. Instead, the studies examine such topics as risk assessment of GM foods, methods of testing for the presence and quantity of GMOs in food and feed, and consumer attitudes to GM foods. This data is not precisely relevant to accessing the safety of any GM food. In fact, the report makes clear that the food safety research studies were not designed to do so – though taxpayers would be entitled to ask why the Commission spent 200 million Euros of public money on a research project that failed to address this most pressing of questions about GM foods. Instead, the research studies were designed to develop “safety assessment approaches for GM foods” (European Commission, 2010
A trip to any supermarket in Canada will reveal nothing out of ordinary, just the usual of array of fresh and packaged goods displayed in an inviting manner to attract customers. Everything appear familiar and reassuring, right? Think again. A closer microscopic inspection discloses something novel, a fundamental revolution in food technology. The technology is genetic engineering (GE), also known as biotechnology. Blue prints (DNA) of agricultural crops are altered and “spliced” with foreign genes to produce transgenic crops. Foods harvested from these agricultural plants are called, genetically modified (GM). Presently, Canada has no consumer notification; GM foods are being slipped to Canada’s foods without any labels or adequate risk assessments. This essay argues that GM foods should be rigorously and independently tested for safety; and, consumers be given the right to choose or reject GM foods through mandatory labels. What is the need for impartial examination of safety of transgenic foods? And why label them? GM foods are not “substantially equivalent” to conventional foods, genetic engineering of agricultural crops is not a mere extension of traditional plant breeding, and finally, there are human health implications associated with it.
Genetically modified foods affect humans’ health by weakening the immunologic system, giving rise to degenerative diseases and causing the appearance of new viruses. Transgenic food alters the immune system occasioning an increment on the tolerance of virus. GMO make the immune system to lose it capacity of recognizing dangerous substances. In addition, the weakening of the immune system decreases the number of white blood cells in the body, increasing the possibilities to develop autoimmune diseases. In addition, people are prone to acquire degenerative diseases when they eat genetically engineered foods. The food that has been altered includes modified DNA, which is assimilated by the body, causing prejudicial tumors or malformations that can be transmitted to the next generations. Similarly, experimentation with GM Food will facilitate the appearance of new viruses. Viruses are organisms that can evolve being immune to the antidotes or crossbreed with others viruses that cannot be counteracted. Therefore, increase of virus tolerance, acquisition of degenerativ...
With the information provided scientists will be provided with an unbiased information over GMO’s. They will be able to take away information that can help further any research that they have done as well as allow them to make a decision on which side of GMO’s they are for. This information would also allow them to make statements that can help debunk any false statements
GM food has generated polemic debate amongst: governmental regulators, biotechnology companies, scientists, economic activists, environmentalists and consumers. The main areas of controversy correlated to GM food are the neutrality of scientific examination and publication, the results of GM crops on the environment and health and the role of the crops in feeding the world population.
Food is an essential part of everyday life without it one could not survive. Every day we make choices on what we put in to our bodies. There are countless varieties of food to choose from to meet the diverse tastes of the increasing population. Almost all food requires a label explaining the ingredients and the nutritional value allowing consumers to make informed decisions on what they are consuming. However, many may not be considering where that food is coming from or how it has been produced. Unfortunately, there is more to food than meets the eye. Since 1992, “ the U.S. Food and Drug Administration ruled, based on woefully limited data, that genetically modified foods were ‘substantially equivalent’ to their non-GM counterparts” (Why to Support Labeling). GM food advocates have promised to create more nutritious food that will be able to grow in harsh climate conditions and eventually put an end to world hunger in anticipation of the growing population. There is very little evidence to support these claims and study after study has proven just the opposite. GM crops are not only unsafe to consume, but their growing practices are harmful to the environment, and multinational corporations are putting farmers out of business.
In the U.S., GM foods have received little public opposition; this is largely due to the fact that food manufacturers are not required to label their products as containing genetically modified ingredients for fear of confusing consumers. Due to the lack of evidence that genetically altered foods are harmful, the Food and Drug Administration considers GM foods to be “generally regarded as safe” (known as GRAS) and no special labeling is required (Falkner 103). In the U.S., genetically modified crops are monitored by t...
While many new products have flooded supermarket shelves in the past few decades, foods with GM ingre...
This paper discusses genetically modified (GM) foods, the interesting history, and their development. It shows how GM foods have experienced rapid growth over the last ten years. Within the history of these foods, there has been a great deal of controversy and debate of the benefits and risks of GM foods and the production process. Analyzing the current situation around GM foods, this controversy will likely continue for many years to come.
Although people have their opinions about GM foods, the general population is uneducated and may not even know about genetically modified foods. Genetic engineering (GE) is part of the field of biotechnology which is the science of gene technologies such as manipulation, engineering, and modification (Henningfield). The genetic engineers inject genes from various sources including bacteria, viruses, animals, or humans into the DNA of a crop or an animal. The organisms created are known as geneticall...
Consuming foods that have been genetically altered have serious health risks based on research done on rats by The American Academy of Environmental Medicine (AAEM), an international organization of physicians. Risks include infertility, immune system problems, accelerated aging, disruption of insulin and cholesterol regulation, gastrointestinal problems and organ damage. Many AAEM physicians have prescribed non-GMO diets for all patients to improve health conditions. Jeffrey M. Smith, an advocate for non-GMO, says scientific research shows the link of GM food to thousands of sick, sterile, and dead livestock; thousands of toxic and allergic reactions in humans; and damage t...
...ence of GM crops is that genetic modifications can develop proteins in plants which a consumer could be allergic to. For example, one of the most common allergies is with the peanut. What would happen if peanut proteins interlace into tomato seeds? Then people with peanut allergies would not be able to eat genetically modified tomatoes. There are many reasons to stop the production of GM food. It can produce serious long-term nature accidents, but there is no way to know much about it until is too late (“GM Food” 2).
As a philosophical approach, utilitarianism generally focuses on the principle of “greatest happiness”. According to the greatest happiness principle, actions that promote overall happiness and pleasure are considered as right practices. Moreover, to Mill, actions which enhance happiness are morally right, on the other hand, actions that produce undesirable and unhappy outcomes are considered as morally wrong. From this point of view we can deduct that utilitarianism assign us moral duties and variety of ways for maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain to ensure “greatest happiness principle”. Despite all of moral duties and obligations, utilitarian perspective have many specific challenges that pose several serious threats which constitute variety of arguments in this essay to utilitarianism and specifically Mill answers these challenges in his work. These arguments can be determinated and analyzed as three crucial points that seriously challenges utilitarianism. The first issue can be entitled like that utilitarian idea sets too demanding conditions as to act by motive which always serves maximizing overall happiness. It creates single criterion about “being motived to maximize overall happiness” but moral rightness which are unattainable to pursue in case of the maximizing benefit principle challenges utilitarianism. Secondly, the idea which may related with the first argument but differs from the first idea about single criterion issue, utilitarianism demands people to consider and measuring everything which taking place around before people practice their actions. It leads criticism to utilitarianism since the approach sees human-beings as calculators to attain greatest happiness principle without considering cultural differ...
Nine years later, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved the first genetically engineered drug, then tests of genetically engineered plants were conducted. In 1992, the FDA declared that GMOs aren’t dangerous and therefore doesn’t need any special regulation. In the past few years, GMOs have heightened concerns because they are saving people from starvation, producing greater yields, and helping increase the nutrition of foods. GMOs are made by taking a plant and changing its genetic makeup by taking DNA from another plant and adding it to that plant. Doing this changes the characteristics of that plant, and this can make the plant become more resistant to disease, pests, or even drought.... ...
Genetically modified (GM) food products entered the commercial food market in the United States twenty years ago. GM foods are plants and/or animals that have undergone alteration of their genetic makeup through gene splicing. Manufacture of GM food begins by pinpointing and isolating a desirable trait from within a plant, animal, virus, or bacteria. Once isolated, the selected gene is inserted into the DNA of the unrelated organism. This process of genetic merging does not occur in nature. Manufacturers of GM foods insist that their products are safe for human consumption and offer enhanced nutritional benefits. However, many consumers and healthcare professionals have expressed concern since the emergence of GM food due to a noticeable rise in food allergies, chronic diseases, and drug resistance within the United States. To date, there have been no published studies about long-term effects of GM foods on human health. For this reason, it is necessary for healthcare professionals to weigh the risks versus the advantages of GM food consumption with their patients.
Many Americans eat GM foods without even realizing it. It is no surprise since GMO can better the shelf life of the food and put up at a reasonable price. GMO can be dangerous to the human body for many reasons. Genetically engineered food are shown to be unsafe and unpredictable because of the foreign genes that are introduced into plants which may have a negative impact on the human body. Studies show that when rats are fed GM potatoes, there were appreciable differences in the intestine as opposed to the rats that are fed the normal potatoes. (Whitman, 2000) Another concern is the allergens that are developed when eating GM foods. The promoter that is used in most GM crops turn on the foreign gene at high output, but instead turns on the other natural genes in addition to the foreign one, resulting in allergens, toxins, carcinogens or anti-nutrient. (Natural revolution, 2014) Another risk involved is the production of StarLink corn that is specifically designed ...