Steel Tensile Testing Essay

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Introduction
Steel is frequently used because it is durable and safe and is ideal material for structural support as it is simply steel in tubular form. Steel pipes can beneficially be used where high resistance is required against shock or vibration. Even under the toughest condition, steel pipes can be used because of the elasticity, ductility and freedom from brittleness. [1] As a result, steel pipes have the ability of accommodating handling stresses, uneven bending, wrong alignment or variation in temperature. Steel pipes can more beneficially be used where complicated bending and longitudinal stresses are involved. [4, 5] Since steel is non-combustible and makes it harder for fire to spread, it is good to use when building homes. Steel
These properties can be used for design and analysis of engineering structures, and for developing new materials that better suit a specified use. [8] Tensile tests are simple, relatively inexpensive, and fully standardised. By pulling on something, you will very quickly determine how the material will react to forces being applied in tension. As the material is being pulled, you will find its strength along with how much it will elongate and one of the more basic tests is to determine stress – strain relationships. [10] A simple uniaxial test consists of slowly pulling a sample of material in tension until it breaks. The major parameters that describe the stress-strain curve obtained during the tension test are the tensile strength (UTS), yield strength or yield point (σy), elastic modulus (E), percent elongation (∆L%) and the reduction in area (RA%). Toughness, Resilience, Poisson’s ratio (ν) can also be found by the use of this testing technique. 0.2 % off-set method is a commonly used method to determine the yield strength. Yield strength (σy) (0.2%) is found by drawing a parallel line to the elastic region and the point at which this line intersects with the stress-strain curve is set as the yielding point. [9] The following figure is the tensile tester that is used to test the

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