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Statistical analysis discussion
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Statistics Project
I have been given instructions to collect data for my GCSE statistics
coursework and then to represent them by interpreting them using
graphs and attributes, which I think influence the prices of a second
hand car. Below is my coursework flowchart that will show the steps I
will take to complete my coursework.
FLOWCHART
=========
1.Formulate my hypothesis
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8. Ideas for further investigation
7. Draw conclusions
5.Analyse and interpret
4.Present the data
3.Record data
2. Plan data collection
HYPOTHESIS
I think that the age, make, amount of owners will affect the price of
the second hand cars. In the investigation, I will use several
different types of charts and graphs to support and show my hypothesis
is correct and to show if my predictions were incorrect, or correct.
After I have investigated some of the attributes, I will then draw up
another hypothesis and see what will happen at the second half of my
investigation. I think that if things do change, the tax amount and
mileage may affect the price.
DATA COLLECTION
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There are many types of data, to obtain it we must observe and measure
something. This is known as a variable, there are two types of
variables:
-Quantitative variables, which have NUMERICAL observations or
measurements.
-Qualitative variables, which have NON NUMBERICAL observations or
measurements.
The other types of data I may consider using are
Continuous data which are measured on a scale and can take any value
on that scale
Discrete data which is concerned with a number of countable values.
Collecting data
Two types of data used can be Primary data and secondary data.
Primary data is data that is collected by or for the person who is
going to use it. Secondary data is data that is not collected by the
person who uses it.
Data can be collected using an experiment of survey.
A researcher determines that 42.7% of all downtown office buildings have ventilation problems. Is this a statistic or a parameter; explain your answer.
In statistics, a population is a collection of individuals, things, events, etc. The population is the topic that one wants to make inferences on, whereas a sample is a subset of the population that is being collected—to be studied. After the sample is studied in statistics, one draws an inference of the population. There are four general sampling methods used in statistics: representative sample, random sample and quasi-random sample, stratified and quota sample, convenience sample, and purposive sample. A representative sample should be unbiased and thus properly indicate a characteristic of the entire population. In a random sample nothing is biased; in other words, every individual, thing or event in the population has the same chance of being selected for the sample. Therefore, because of the randomness of the sampling, the selection of one item from the population in no way effects the selection of another item. A quasi-random sample is simply a number (nth), which is
Statistics Investigation In this investigation I have been asked to carry out a line of enquiry with the statistics provided within a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet provided by Edexcel examining board. There are various different statistics for different things, some examples include; age, IQ, year group, height, weight and many more. A total of 27 categories are shown on the spreadsheet. My teacher advised me to carry out two main tasks within the overall investigation. It was suggested that I carry out one line of enquiry with two pieces of quantitative information, and then one more investigation that could either be with one piece of quantitative information and one piece of qualitative or with two pieces of qualitative information.
Almost every year a hurricane blast through Florida and takes its toll on the business, industry and affects the lives and dollars of the company and its workers. One can ask themselves, "How do we prevent this from happening again?" This is usually what businesses and persons affected by a hurricane ask each other. What about a hospital? How would a hospital prepare for a hurricane? To complicate things more, how would a hospital prepare for a hurricane if the hospital is to operate 24 hours a day? This is the question that Pierre, Keith, Carol, Getta and James have proposed.
both groups to compare where I will hope to find that the year 10 mean
A vehicle is one of the biggest purchases a person will ever make. Over the years, the prices of an automobile have increased due to the rise of inflation. Due to a price index, the price of an automobile changes over a certain period of time. Economists compare averages of automobiles to calculate the cost of each vehicle that presents itself on a car lot. When all of the above is calculated within the purchase of an automobile, it affects every area of making the automobile to selling the automobile. All of these factors are impacted together for the automobile industry as a whole.
Qualitative data includes characteristics that cannot be counted or measured, examples of qualitative data include ethnography, semi-structured interviews, and narratives. (Freeman, L. 2017) Police officers often rely on the use of narratives to create an “accurate” account of the event, accurate was put in quotations because narratives are subjective, the subjectivity of qualitative data is what often makes it unreliable. The majority of the Uniform Crime Reporting survey follows quantitative data, which includes statistics, polls, and surveys. Using quantitative data is appropriate because it states the facts the way they are, quantitative data focus on numbers and things that can be graphed.
The leader who wants to improve school success through the use of data will provide ample opportunities for teachers to collect and analyze student data in professional learning communities, time to collaborate, and resources for professional development. She also utilizes data analysis to inform the building goals for the year ensuring alignment with the district goals. Data can tell the leader and the teachers where the students are, where they need to go, and provides opportunity to teachers and administrators to support student success. Collecting and analyzing student data is an important part of a school culture that supports and encourages collaboration as well as holding high standards for student achievement.
The clarity and applicability of the study findings rely heavily on a researcher’s ability to effectively identify, code and categorize themes and patterns unearthed in the data acquired. As a result, it is of the utmost importance to ensure that a researcher’s analytical skills be strong. Researchers must document and report all analytic processes wholly and honestly so that the findings can be evaluated for credibility or replicated in the future by other scholars. In order to analyze the vast amount of qualitative data generated from the interviews, grounded theory will be employed to analyze the textual data. According to Bhattacharjee (2012), grounded theory is “an inductive technique of interpreting recorded data about a social phenomenon to build
The novels Death of a Maiden and Appointment with Death, written by Sheila Radley and Agatha Christie, are murder mysteries describing a betrayal of trust. While both are similar in this way, it is the differences between the two novels that make the similarities remarkable. By comparing the victims, the killers, and the investigators, the differences in the novels are revealed.
The data collected will be analysed and interpreted. The summary of the findings, suggestions and the conclusion will be given in the report.
The Collier Encyclopedia’s definition for probability is the concern for events that are not certain and the reasonableness of one expectation over another. These expectations are usually based on some facts about past events or what is known as statistics. Collier describes statistics to be the science of the classification and manipulation of data in order to draw inferences. Inferences here can be read to mean expectations, leading to the conclusion that the two go hand in hand in accomplishing what mankind has tried to accomplish since the beginning of time – predicting the future. It is the notion of science that this is the most accurate way to predict events yet to occur and this has lead to it being the most widely accepted “fortune telling'; tool in the world today.
Statistics refers to the use of numerical information in everyday life to calculate facts and figures in limitless circumstances such as, batting averages, market share, and changes in the stock market. In addition, statistics refers to the scientific collecting, classifying, summarizing, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting numerical data. Statistics involves describing data sets and drawing conclusions based on sampling about the data sets (McClave, Benson & Sincich, 2011). Statistics are divided into two areas: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics.
Whether or not people notice the importance of statistics, people is using them in their everyday life. Statistics have been more and more important for different cohorts of people from a farmer to an academician and a politician. For example, Cambodian famers produce an average of three tons or rice per hectare, about eighty per cent of Cambodian population is a farmer, at least two million people support party A, and so on. According to the University of Melbourne, statistics are about to make conclusive estimates about the present or to predict the future (The University of Melbourne, 2009). Because of their significance, statistics are used for different purposes. Statistics are not always trustable, yet they depend on their reliable factors such as sample, data collection methods and sources of data. This essay will discuss how people can use statistics to present facts or to delude others. Then, it will discuss some of the criteria for a reliable statistic interpretation.