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Factors responsible for the evolution of contemporary English
How English has changed over time
Reasons responsible for the evolution of contemporary English
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Firstly, let us consider the meaning of the term Standard English and what it refers to. One possible definition of Standard English given by Crystal (2016) is “a distinctive pattern of linguistic features with respect to spelling, grammar, pronunciation and vocabulary”. Therefore, it is understood that the writing of the educated carries the most prestige within that community. As a result, this thus leads to Standard English being widely recognised as acceptable wherever English may be spoken and understood (Merriam Webster 2015). Furthermore, the theory that one group of people have a higher statues in the eyes of others weather it may be due to social class or material success is debatable according to Crystal (2016) who argues that the …show more content…
However, in order to fully comprehend these social consequences we must first begin learning about the progress of the English language. This thus enables us to understand the interactions that appear between the different dialects spoken during the Middle English period. Nevertheless, Crystal 2016 claims that Standard English is “not a dialect although many refer to it as a dialect, but rather a special kind seeing as it has no local base” (Crystal 2016). Despite this claim many Writers were using spelling and punctuations that matched their spoken dialect. However, there is nothing in the vocabulary or grammar of a piece of Standard English that indicates which part of a country it originates from. Therefore, these findings support Crystal’s (2016) initial …show more content…
Though, for most of the time the ruling class continued speaking French as their primary language as they had previously done so. However, it wasn’t until the late thirteenth century when Geoffrey Chaucer wrote the Canterbury tales whereby most of the English vocabulary had ben made up of Norman French words. Nonetheless, the reason for a shift in language choice was because many French speakers where chosen as head of principle offices and also monasteries. Therefore, this thus led to Latin becoming the primary language of both the church and the state
King, Robert D. “Should English Be the Law?” 1996. The Presence of Others. Comp. Andrea A. Lunsford and John J. Ruszkiewicz. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin’s, 2008. 90-102. Print.
The purpose of this assignment is to explain the impact of English language learners in the classroom. As a foreign student, English language learner in the United States faces multiple challenges for achieving academic success. To successfully complete a task, they need to master both English as a language and how it is used in core content classes especially when they are an adult. When trying to assist in instructing English language learners, they usually have many concepts and language abilities that they need to master, as do the teachers that are trying to teach them. With the incorporation of the concepts and approaches to identify and assess the issues and concerns that we have learned in our classroom instruction, such as lesson preparation,
Growing up learning and speaking English has been something that was difficult for me at first but then came easy, but that was not the case for my mother. She spent her whole life speaking Spanish, so when she decided to take English learning classes it was challenging. However, she had me to help her throughout her struggle. I helped her complete her homework and assignments. We would also go to the library to check out easy level reading books to have her read to me. I would correct her English when it was wrong and do all I could to boost her confidence. It took me a while to understand and figure out what the best way to teach her was, but it was a fun experience for the both of us. Teaching her English was difficult because things that
Before I came to English 101 I was more of a raw writer than most people. Although I would write my papers filled with great content, I would also have many problems with my grammer and organization. Throughout my time in this class I have developed and trained multiple areas of my writing. Some of the areas that I have improved the most have been grammer, organization, and MLA format. These areas have lead to an evolution in my writing that has given me a new level of understanding in English. Which has provided me with the skills that will endow me to achieve success in english 102.
As a result, a number of literatures were persisted in this period. Alfred the Great, who was the era’s most important political leader, was the first person to encourage the usage of English in England; he instigated people to write and speak in English instead of Latin (Middle English. 449). During the Old English period, words from Rome and the Viking’s were also “immigrated” into the English language in sequence. In 597, a priest called Augustine brought Christianity from Rome to England; he introduced a large number of Latin words to the English language while doing his missionary.
The English language has been in constant transition throughout its history, but the most significant transformation in modern English can be credited to William Shakespeare. With Shakespeare’s invention of commonly used expressions, his creation of new words, and his use of iambic pentameter, he was able to affect the language in a way that no person since has. Shakespeare’s influence on modern English is not only visible in everyday speech, but also in the fact that his work has survived over four hundred years and it continues to be performed and read worldwide.
This invasion affected mainly English vocabulary, adopting thousands of not only content words but also grammatical words. Many of these borrowings are still present in PDE. Meanwhile, Latin was the language of church and science and it also had great influence in vocabulary; especially in Modern English because of, for example, the appearance of new functions to be defined (Culpeper, 1997:25).
Therefore, we should start considering the statement according to which ‘A speaker of English is necessarily a speaker of some dialect of English’ . As far as the dialect is concerned, this term refers to ‘varieties distinguished from each other by differences of grammar and vocabulary’ . Despite the fact that the previous explanation can sound complete to the majority, the word dialect has had several definitions throughout the years. For example, in the Anglo-Saxon world, it is used for referring to ‘any variety of language that can be delimited linguistically or socially’ . According to another point of view, ‘a dialect is a subset of a language, usually with a geographical restriction on its distribution’ . In Trudgill’s view, as far as the dialect is concerned, another distinction between traditional dialects and mainstream dialects needs to be made. On one hand, the first ones are spoken by the minority of English language speakers and they are located in the most peripheral and rural areas. On the other hand, mainstream dialects include both Standard English dialect and Modern non–standard dialects and they are associated with the urban areas, the youth culture and the so-called middle and upper–class. Wells uses different terms in order to refer to the two dialect categories previously mentioned. Actually, the term Traditional Dialect holds steady, whereas Mainstream Dialect, in Wells’ meaning, becomes General English. Furthermore, Wells notices that the di...
The development of the English language was a combination of cultural, political, social and religious events that each playing their own part shaping the modern English language spoken today as a first language by 400 million people . As Baugh and Cable convey to us in A History of the English Language; ‘It understates matters to say that political, economic, and social forces influence a language’. Although it cannot be identified exactly when the inhabitants of Britain began to speak English, there are some sources that give an insight into the nature of the forces that played a role in its foundation such as: the four medieval manuscripts;
Baugh, A.C., & Cable, T. (2001). A history of the English language (5th ed.). Abingdon, UK: Routledge.
Everyone is a part of a community. Most people are a part of multiple communities. A community is a group of people that have a commonality. Sometimes it is based on where you live, hobbies, goals, etc. I believe that communities are created unconsciously and are connected to someone’s identity, especially when a person is considered a part of multiple communities. Sometimes, a person may connect very well with their community. Sometimes, a person may feel very distant from their community. In the movie, “English Vinglish”, the main character, Sashi, shows examples on how communities are created through commonalities, and the acculturation theory. Sashi was a part of multiple communities. A few communities included her, her Daughter’s school,
The Norman invasion of 1066 AD began a period of two centuries in which French was the official language of England, resulting in the introduction of many words with French or Latin roots, such as 'baron', 'justice' and 'government' (Beal, J. 2012, p. 64). English was first used in Parliament in 1362 AD and gradually displaced French (Appendix I, in Seargea...
Experiencing those days where people would laugh at other for the broken English; the grammar and pronunciation are the toughest parts of the language. People with English as a second language always stumble upon difficulties; however, the determination of learning a new language do not decrease easily as the motivation is still surrounding one’s mind. Today, English has become an international communication; even the teaching and learning of the language has already spread throughout the world. English is known as one of the most common use language and has been offering classes everywhere for years especially around Asia; additionally, the world common language has now become the number one language uses in every fields of career that is being offer everywhere. Non-American students should be required to take English class as a second language in school
Mollin, S., 2006. “English as a Lingua Franca: A New Variety in the New Expanding Circle?”, The Nordic Journal of English Studies 5(2), pp. 41-57. Available from
In a sociolinguist perspective “the idea of a spoken standardized language is a hypothetical construct” (Lippi-Green, 2012, pp. 57). They are the form of Britain English and American English that are used in textbooks and on broadcasting. Giles and Coupland observe that “A standard variety is the one that is most often associated with high socioeconomic status, power and media usage in a particular community” (1991, p. 38). Both native speakers and learners of English, where English is taught as a second or foreign language (hereafter ESL/EFL), speak dialect of English in everyday conversation (Kachru, 2006, pp. 10-11; Owens 2012, p.