Solar Distillation Essay

ABSTRACT

Water and energy are the two most essential things for the sustainable development of the world.

There is an acute shortage of both energy and water, especially in the 3rd world countries.
Desalination plays an important role to solve fresh water scarcity in different regions of the world.

In India Solar distillation is very useful in rural area where fresh water is not easily available. Modified Solar Distillation Page 1

CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION

1.1. Basic of solar and energy

The term ‘energy’ can be described as ‘capacity to do work’.

The origin of fire, heat and light is energy. It’s required to grow food grains which enable humans and animals to survive and work.

The sun is the primary source of energy. The sun, which

Total energy received from the sun per unit time on a surface of unit area kept perpendicular to the radiation in space just outside the earth’s atmosphere is called

‘Solar constant’.

Modified Solar Distillation Page 2

1.2. Distillation

Solar distillation uses the heat of the sun directly in a simple piece of equipment to purify water.

The equipment, commonly called a solar still, consists primarily of a shallow basin with a transparent glass cover.

The sun heats the water in the basin, causing evaporation. Moisture rises, condenses on the cover and runs down into a collection trough, leaving behind the salts, minerals, and most other impurities, including germs.

The classification of solar distillation process is given in Fig. 1.1.

Modified Solar Distillation Page 3

1.3. Type of solar

ten

Kortenaar, R.F. Mudde

This relates achieved enhanced production of water by increasing condensation area.

This consists of cooling, solar still, cheap, drinking water.

It includes enhanced cooling on condensation surface water production by 8 times.

[2] SOLAR WATER DISTILLATION USING TWO DIFFERENT PHASE CHANGE

MATERIALS, S Naga Sarada, Banoth Hima Bindu, Sri Rama Devi, Ravi gugulothu

This system focuses on design and fabrication of efficient solar distillation system.

It consists of solar energy, saline water, and phase change material.

It also includes material like sodium acetate and sodium sulfate.

[3] INFLUENCE OF CONDENSATION SURFACE ON SOLAR DISTILLATION,

R.Bhardwaj, M.V .ten Kortenaar, R.F. Mudde

This relates reflection is demonstrated as the critical phenomenon effecting water production while thermal resistance offered by condensation layer does not affect water production.

Surface tension is demonstrated as the critical property for choosing a material.

Wiping of condensation surface does not increase the water production.

[4] THE COUPLING STUDY FOR SOLAR HEATING SYSTEM AND