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The importance of clean water
The importance of clean water
The importance of clean water
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Soil-transmitted helminthes, also known as intestinal worm infections. It is one of the most common parasite infections in the world. These infections are most prevalent in tropical and sub tropical regions of the developed world where adequate water and sanitations are lacking. Recent estimate suggesting that A. lumbricoids infects 1,221 million people, T.trichuira 795 million, and hookworms 740 million (Desilva et., 2003). Chronic and intense soil transmitted helminthes can contribute to malnutrition and iron-deficiency anemia and also can adversely affect physical and mental growth in childhood (Drake et al.,2000.,Stephenson et al.,2000., Hotez et al.,2004).
This parasitic infection is caused mainly by four main species of worms. These worms are the roundworms (Ascaris lumbricoides), whipworms (Trichuris trichiura) and hookworms (Ancylostoma duodenale and Necatar americanus).These species are mostly transmitted through the soil. The helminthes disease is named as the soil- transmitted helminthes because this infection is transmitted through ingestion of the nematode eggs in the soil, which is contaminated through excretion. The disease is mostly prevalent in warm and moist climate where sanitation and hygiene are poor and waters are unsafe mostly in the temperate zones during the hotter months.
Ascaris which is a soil- transmitted helminthes which is caused by large roundworms A.lumbricoides. It is said to be one of the most widely spread soil- transmitted helminthes, it affects almost 1 billion people. Half of the victim populations are in the tropical and sub- tropical areas. The conditions are mostly low and they often show little or sometimes are asymptomatic, chronic infections cause severe intestinal blockage and it impai...
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...tions are prevalent in the developed world because there is an inadequate supply of water and there is lack of sanitation in some of these communities.
The public health problems possessed by these soil- transmitted helminthes infections are caused by the ingestion of parasite eggs from contaminated soil. The infection of soil- transmitted helminthes is caused by genetics, environment, age, different populations and household clustering. Chronic and intense soil- transmitted helminthes infections can contribute to nutrition deficiency, iron deficiency and causes anemia, mental and physical growth retardation in childhood.
The global strategies can be controlled by the use of, Antihelminthic drugs like albendazole or mebendazole and regular deworming the children. It can be controlled by the improved of sanitation and by taking the step of health education.
Furthermore, more lives could be lost due to the spreading of diseases. With such extreme lacks of sanitation, clean water...
The meningeal worm is also known as the brain worm, or the deer worm. It frequently infects llamas and alpacas, but can infect other species as well like moose, elk, goats, and sheep. The meningeal worm is an internal parasite that is a part of the protostrongylidae family with the definitive host being the common white tailed deer. Even though they are the host, adult meningeal worms rarely cause clinical signs of disease in the deer. The white tail deer’s tolerance to infection from these worms is actually beneficial to the parasite because the white tail deer are the only species that will allow the worm to complete their life cycle. So alpacas and llamas are unsuitable hosts and that is why the meningeal worm is such a threat to them. It can cause varying degrees of damage to their central nervous system. “The cerebrospinal fluid tap is especially useful for diagnosing meningeal worm and ruling out other diseases.” (Whitehead, Bedenice 2009.) Ruling out other diseases helps to narrow down what could be ...
Weinstock, J. V., & Elliott, D. E. (2009). Helminths and the IBD hygiene hypothesis. Inflammatory bowel diseases, 15(1), 128-133.
Ever wonder what kind of parasites are in your water, or how they can enter in to your body to make you very sick? Well it is most definite that no on want to get sick. The information found in this paper was collected over the past month, either by going to the library or by accessing information off the Internet at home, almost every night. The point that will be given to you is a little in information about the infectious disease called Schistosomiasis. The points the main points will be the causative agents, symptoms, hosts, methods of transmission and history of the disease. So lets see what Schistosomiasis is.
Sickness there is common and many times, water is the cause. “Education is lost to sickness. Economic development is lost while people merely try to survive” (The World Project). Americans go to the sink knowing with a simple flip of the nosil, clean water will magically appear. It is often presumed that clean water is a given and it is never acknowledged that saving water in one country could evidently help another country's water... ...
This parasite is spread through the bite of sandflies. There are three different types of infections and they each show varying degrees of severity. The cutaneous form produces mild skin ulcers, mucocutaneous produces ulcers in the mouth and nose, and the visceral form of the disease starts with skin ulcers and then fever, low red blood cell count, and an enlarged spleen and liver. The parasite is detected by a microscope and visceral can also be found by doing blood tests. 12 million people are in infected in 98 different countries and 2 million new cases are found every year. The disease also kills around 20 to 50 thousand people a year.
The two prime factors most frequently cited (Esch and Fernandez 1993, Toft et al. 1991) are evolutionary history and mode of transmission. Incongruently evolved parasite-host associations are characterized by high virulence, while congruent evolution may result in reduced virulence (Toft et al. 1991). Parasites transmitted vertically (from parent to offspring) tend to be less virulent than parasites transmitted horizontally (between unrelated individuals of the same or different species). Studies in whi... ...
"Ecology and Transmission." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 13 June 2012. Web. 01 May 2014. .
In the ancient world there was an awareness of the need for sanitation and for water that was safe for consumption. Efforts at keeping water pure, maintaining access to waters of high quality, and providing sewage disposal were widely practiced. With the diminish of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the middle ages, these practices were largely forgotten, and infectious illnesses became common. Only with the ascendancy of the scientific method and discoveries in the last one hundred years has the connection between water quality, sanitation, and health once again been discovered.
This paper includes an understanding about the parasitic roundworm called trichinella. It gives detail of the disease, its transmission and source. Emphasizing how it effects the body, further explaining the epidemiology and how the parasite poses a threat. Also providing an overview of the various types of transmission, how it obscures the human body, and informs one about the symptoms that occurs with the ingestion of trichinella. This paper also addresses the various diagnostic procedures and the treatment required in order to treat Trichinellosis. This, emerging the complex world of the most common type of trichinella species called Trichinella spiralis. In addition, it raises awareness of the health risks and possible outcomes that can come along when the parasites begins migrating throughout the body.
There may be many other aspects of the host- parasite relationship that could be important in parasite virulence and degree of expression of secondary sexual characteristics. For the purpose of this study parasite life cycle and mode of transmission will be further examined using previous empirical
Some individuals don’t appreciate the advantage of having clean water available at all times. Habitants of developed countries who have easy access to clean drinkable water directly from a hose, tap water from the kitchen faucet or from bathrooms in their homes, usually don’t care or worry about saving it. Habitants of rural poor communities such as Sub-Saharan Africa, are living in a water stressed environment. Residents of these communities have to walk miles at a time just to gather water from streams and ponds, even though the water source may contain water-borne disease that can make them very sick. In the rural areas that don’t have access to safe, clean water, it is very difficult to prevent the spread of viruses.
Approximately 844 million people (one tenth of the population) in the world do not have access to clean and 2.3 billion do not have access to a decent toilet. This poor sanitation and contaminated water quality is the cause of death for over 289 000 children under the age of 5 every year.
Another problem for people of Africa is clear access to clean water. Clean drinking water is very rare for the people of Africa. Unclean water and sanitation problem leads to many diseases in African countries. Main problem which occurs due to unclean water is child morality. Around 2000 children’s die from diarrhoea which spread due to poor sanitatio...
Many people around the world need water. Around 780 million people are unable to get clean water (One Billion Affected). People who do have access to clean water in their homes, have to pay a fee. The people who struggle to live obviously do not have enough money to buy water. People who are unable to have clean water have a good chance of dying either from disease or from dehydration. At least 3.4 million people die a year from water problems such as sanitation (One Billion Affected).