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The impacts of the Columbian exchange
The impacts of the Columbian exchange
Impacts of Columbian exchange
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The Columbian exchange affected the European and native societies both socially and culturally. Some of the effects include increased mortality rates and education. It expanded communication across the world and expanded the trade of plants and animals. It also produced advancements in agriculture and technology. For European societies these effects were mainly positive and for native societies these effects were mainly negative. A very drastic effect on the native societies was the increased mortality rates, with the native population declining 90% after the arrival of the Europeans. These extremely high mortality rates were due to Europeans diseases and violence (p. 1-3). This of course greatly devastated societies Native of the Americas
and stopped them from growing and developing to their full potential.A positive effect of the Colombian exchange was the exchange of knowledge. Europeans learned about many new plants (p.7-10) like beans, corn, tomatoes, potatoes, and tobacco and how to harvest and grow them from the natives. The natives learned about plants, animals, and technology. Including sugar cane, bluegrass, pigs, horses, the wheel iron, and guns from the Europeans. These exchanges of knowledge impacted these societies because it changed the way they grew things, gave them more agricultural abilities and food supply, and enabled them to grow as a society. The Colombian exchange made some European countries, like Spain, much more rich. The "conquistadores" would send ships full of gold and silver from Mexico and Peru back to Spain, increasing the supply of gold by more than 500% making Spain the richest and most powerful nation in Europe at the time. The Colombian exchange also created communication between countries (and continents) that would not have interacted, if not for the Colombian exchange. These effects of the Colombian exchange impacted European and native societies by expanding and increasing plants, animals, technology, and knowledge and changed the world forever.
The Columbian exchange was the exchange of goods and products that occurred when the Europeans came to America. Some of the items exchanged included potatoes and tomatoes, which originated in America, and wheat and rice, which originated in Europe. Because of this exchange, certain dishes are possible to be made. For example, tomatoes are a popular ingredient in Italian dishes, but they originated in America. Because of the Columbian exchange, Italians were able to adapt tomatoes to be included in their dishes. Similarly, there are many dishes which also cannot be possible without the exchange. This will go in-depth into a few dishes and see if they could be made without the Columbian exchange.
Columbian Exchange: The Columbian Exchange was an exchange of peoples, animals, diseases, and foods between hemispheres. Foods and diseases from the New World, such as maize, potatoes, and syphilis, were carried to Europe. Food, livestock, and diseases, such as wheat, barley, cattle, horses, smallpox, measles, and influenza, traveled across the Atlantic to the New World. This term is
In Alfred J. Crosby’s book, The Columbian Exchange, the author examines the impact of the New World on the Old World, but also the impact the Old World had on the New World. One key distinction Crosby notes is how the discovery of the New World by Christopher Columbus challenged the intellectual systems of Christianity and Aristotelianism. Most notably, the discovery of a world that was, in fact, “new” was so contradictory to scholarly work of the past, such as Aristotle or found in the Bible, that assumptions were made on where to fit the New World into a Christian and Aristotelian world. For example, previous findings under Aristotle, which were still utilized into the 15th Century, had “quite logically supposed the equatorial zone of
Some consequences of the exchange are the spread of disease to the Native people and settlers, the destruction of the Native population, and the disappearance of the Natives custom’s, beliefs, and way of life. Columbus’s arrival to the Americas, land that had already been established by the Natives, resulted in a spread of fatal diseases. Disagreement between the Europeans and the Natives and the enslavement of Native people helped to wipe out the population. Document 5 illustrates the fighting that occurred between the Natives and Europeans.
During the Columbian Exchange many things were traded; Beast of burden, grains, vegetables, fruits, plants, and many diseases. All of these have had a meaningful impact to the ‘new’ and ‘old’ world., but only a few have had a large and substantial effect on the world today. Those few items are corn to the ‘old’ world, horses to the ‘new’ and most importantly death to millions in the ‘new’ world due to smallpox.
The Columbian Exchange is a global exchange of goods and ideas between the Old World (Europe, Asia and Africa) and the New World (America). When Columbus first discovered America, Spain wanted to set up colonies. Columbus found some people that he named “Indians.” They colonies started to trade with each other, and by doing do, they started the Columbian Exchange. Many countries were involved in this trade, including China, Africa and Italy. This exchange of new ideas, traditions, food, religion and diet changed cultures everywhere.
This was the positive effect of the encounter and it was largely responsible for the doubling of the world’s population over the next three hundred years. There were also many negative effects to the “Columbian Exchange”. A major consequence was the spread of disease in the New World. Diseases carried by Europeans and Africans devastated the population of the Americas. As Europeans traveled through the Americas, epidemics came with them.
The European influences to the Native Americans were Europeans carried the new diseases to the Indians. “Europeans were used to these diseases, but Indian people had no resistance to them. Sometimes the illnesses spread through direct contact with colonists. Other times, they were transmitted as Indians traded with one another. The result of this contact with European germs was horrible. Sometimes whole villages perished in a short time” (Kincheloe). Slave trade was another influence to American Indians. Europeans soon realized that they could provide commercial goods such as tools and weapons to some American Indian tribes that would bring them other Indians captured in tribal wars, and these captured Indians were bought and sold as slaves. Therefore, “slavery led to warfare among tribes and too much hardship. Many tribes had to move to escape the slave trade, which destroyed some tribes completely. In time, the practice of enslaving Native peoples ended. However, it had greatly affected American Indians of the South and the Southwest” (Kinchloe). Lastly, Europeans change Native America and African’ roots. Native Americans
The Columbian exchange was the widespread transfer of various products such as animals, plants, and culture between the Americas and Europe. Though most likely unintentional, the byproduct that had the largest impact from this exchange between the old and new world was communicable diseases. Europeans and other immigrants brought a host of diseases with them to America, which killed as much as ninety percent of the native population. Epidemics ravaged both native and nonnative populations of the new world destroying civilizations. The source of these epidemics were due to low resistance, poor sanitation, and inadequate medical knowledge- “more die of the practitioner than of the natural course of the disease (Duffy).” These diseases of the new world posed a serious
Columbian Exchange or the big exchange was a great exchange on a wide range of animals (Horses, Chickens, sheep, swine, Turkey), plants (Wheat, barley, corn, beans, tomatoes), people and culture, infectious diseases, and ideas, technology (Wheeled vehicles, iron tools, metallurgy) all these things happened between Native Americans and from Europe after the voyage of Christopher Columbus in 1492. Resulting in communication between the two cultures to initiate a number of crops that have led to the increase in population in both hemispheres, where the explorers returned to Europe loaded with corn, tomatoes, potatoes, which has become one of the main crops in Eurasia with the solutions of the eighteenth century. At the same time, the Europeans crops, cassava and peanuts to Southeast Asia with a tropical climate.
The Columbian Exchange had a dramatic and negative effect on native cultures of the Americas, because it almost completely destroyed both the population and culture of native Americans. As an example, Agustín Muñoz Sanz (2012) argued, “in less than a century, several tens of millions of indigenous inhabitants disappeared from their own map. For example, 90% of the Caribbean and Arawak population died in the next twenty years following the arrival of Christopher Columbus.” The Caribbean islands were just the first to receive the conquerors and the subsequent act of desolation. As the conquerors spread through the continent, it would almost immediately follow a similar situation of death and destruction. The combination of disease and the action
The Columbian Exchange allowed the world to share its resources and discover new ways of living. It opened the doors for new discoveries, trade, and raised the economy of many countries. People throughout Europe were given the opportunity to travel to the newly discovered lands of the Americas and begin new lives.
The Colombian Exchange was an extensive exchange between the eastern and western hemispheres as knows as the Old World and New World. The Colombian exchange greatly affects almost every society. It prompted both voluntary and forced migration of millions of human beings. There are both positive and negative effects that you can see from the Colombian Exchange. The Colombian Exchange explorers created contact between Europe and the Americas. The interaction with Native Americans began the exchange of animals, plants, disease, and weapons. The most significant effects that the Colombian Exchange had on the Old World and New World were its changes in agriculture, disease, culture, and its effects on ecology.
Although the Columbian Exchange allowed for the beneficial exchange of cultures, ideas, foods, and animals around the world during the 1450-1750 time period, it also had a dark side. One detrimental result of the Columbian Exchange would be the spreading of smallpox from Europe to the New World.
One way the Columbian Exchange impacted the Americas was the the migration of livestock such as cows, oxen, horses, donkeys, pigs and sheep. For example, the Inca farmers in the Andes main source of transport and meat was the llama. It was considered one of the biggest domestic animals in the Americas but not good for fighting or for traveling. Horses allowed hunters to reach much farther distances and vastly expanded the area they could search for food to eat. They also benefited through the cultivation of wheat/rice, barley and rye. However, one way it negatively impacted the Americas was the devastation of valued animals such as llamas (which still had their benefits despite lack of fighting/travel) and alpacas. One of the greatest benefits