Canada's child care policy has always been a topic of heated debate. Presently, Canada is one of the only developed countries worldwide that does not have plan in place for nation wide child care (Hurtig, 2002). Howe & Covell (2007) state that "Canada has failed to make progress toward a system of universal high quality early learning and child care or even toward establishing widespread access to high quality programs" (p.47). According to Campaign 2000, early childhood education programs are an essential component in reducing poverty and providing children with the ’best start in life”. In addition to reducing poverty, early childhood education programs "strengthen the foundations of learning for all children, supports the social need of families, and promotes equal opportunities for women in the labour market” (www.campaign2000.ca, 2010). Campaign 2000 continues on to report that although these early childhood education programs should be readily obtainable for all families across Canada, the current programs available in Canada curtails the actual needs of Canadian families. Brief history: In the year 2003, Canada created the Multilateral Framework on Early Learning and Child Care. This agreement was put in place to improve access, quality and affordability of childcare nationwide. The agreement aimed at investing approximately 1 billion dollars per year from the years 2003 - 2008 into early learning and child care. Nine provinces signed agreements with individual action plans on how funding would be divided (Howe & Covell, 2007). In the year 2006, when the Conservative government was elected they terminated the agreements set out by the provinces indicating that several of the provinces had not devised an action pl... ... middle of paper ... ...s behind in providing high quality, accessible and affordable child care nationally. Hurtig (2002) encourages that "it's time we joined the many civilized countries that have one" (p.314). More government investments are needed to bring child care up to a reasonable level. Works Cited 2010 Report Card on Child and Family Poverty in Canada: 1989-2010. Retreived Jun 24, 2011, from: www.campaign 2000.ca Howe, R.B. & Covell, K. (2007). Children's Rights in Canada. A Question of Commitment. Waterloo, Ontario. Wilfrid Laurier University Press. Hurtig, M.(2002). The Vanishing Country. Is It Too Late To Save Canada? Toronto. Canada. McClelland & Stewart Ltd. Hurtig, M.(1999). Pay the Rent or Feed the Kids. The Tragedy and Disgrace of Poverty in Canada. Toronto. Canada. McClelland & Stewart Ltd.
In Canada there is no official, government mandated poverty line. It is generally agreed that poverty refers to the intersection of low-income and other dimensions of ‘social exclusion’, including things such as access to adequate housing, essential goods and services, health and well-being and community participation. In Canada, the gap between the rich and poor is on the rise, with four million people struggling to find decent affordable housing, (CHRA) and almost 21% of children in BC are living in poverty it is crucial to address poverty (Stats Can). In class we have considered a number of sociological lens to examine poverty. Structural-functionalists maintain that stratification and inequality are inevitable and
Newman, Garfield et al. Canada A Nation Unfolding. Toronto: Mc Graw – Hill Ryerson Limited, 2000.
Canada makes the claims to be a “democratic constitutional monarchy” that deems itself to be a nondiscriminatory and equal nation. Although Canada a developed nation believes in egalitarianism, there is a constant target to particular minorities in which there is unequal distribution of resources among lower classes. Unfortunately, this blind eye kept towards those in poverty in Canada has led to one in six Canadians to be in poverty (Raphael pg.29). In Chapter Four: Making Sense of Poverty: Social Inequality and Social Exclusion, Raphael illuminates the phenomenon of poverty by explaining the concepts of social inequality and exclusion by expanding on how proneness to poverty is subjective to particular Canadians. He puts forward his opinions, attitudes and arguments in regards to the concepts of social inequality and social exclusion with the intention to shed light on the explanation of poverty. Raphael explains poverty association with social and material deficiency and how poverty can be possibly eliminated. This essay will evaluate and assess the success in addition to the weaknesses of Raphael’s clarification of “making sense of poverty”, and will evaluate the quality of Raphael’s work.
There is a problem in Texas impacting children’s futures; many childcare centers and homes are not providing children with quality care. In an article about cost and quality in Texas childcare, child development experts Susan Eitel and Joyce Nuner quote a study stating “that [nationally] only 10% of infants and toddlers are in high quality [childcare] programs” (34). The term ratio describes the number of children one caregiver is watching. This number is one of the major factors in the quality of a childcare program. Organizations such as the National Association for the Education of Young Children know as NAEYC release recommendations regarding ratios and accredit programs based on their compliance. Childcare centers and homes must comply with certain minimum standards enforced by Texas regarding ratios; however, these standards often set the bar lower than recommendations made by these early childhood experts. The current standards in Texas do not ensure that all young children receive quality care; for this reason, the Texas Department of Family Protective Services should strengthen the minimum standards regarding ratios to better regulate the quality of care children receive.
Ideological, social, political, and economic factors of a given period play key roles in developing and maintaining any social welfare policies in which the area of child welfare is not an exception. Throughout the history of child welfare legislation in Canada, Acts have been passed and modified according to the changing concept of childhood and to the varying degree of societal atmosphere of each period.
Canada is known by outsiders to be a very peaceful country. But if you ask any Canadian they well tell you that is unfortunately not the case. For there is a large ongoing conflict between Canadians. The conflict is between the French and the English, or more specifically between Quebec and the rest of Canada. As a result of this conflict, along with some wrongdoing and propaganda. Quebec has considered and has gone as far to hold referendums over Separatism (Surette,2014). Separatism is that the province of Quebec separates from the rest of Canada to form its own country. Which would have immense effects on indubitably Quebec but also the rest of Canada (Martin, 2014). This report will focus on the root causes and origin of Quebec Separatism, the current state of Quebec Separatism and finally how we as a society can act towards Quebec Separatism.
People outside of Canada are baffled at how Canada ended up in such a state of affairs. Canada as a country has a lot going for it. A high GNP, and high per capita income in international terms. It is ranked at the top of the...
Poverty is difficult to describe and a major factor in determining poverty relies on where in globe you are choosing to focus, the culture that is being examined and the overall wealth of the country. For the sake of this paper I am choosing to discuss poverty in Canada, which by definition does not exist according to Canadian Counsel of Social Development (2004). Furthermore; I will discuss the Low Income Cut off Lines (LICO) which is commonly known as the ‘poverty line’ to help determine the poverty rate for Canadian women. “The situation of poverty among women in Canada is well established. More than half of all Canadians living in poverty are women. In total, approximately 19 percent of women in Canada live below the poverty line. Fifty-six percent of lone parent families headed by women are poor, compared with 24 percent of those headed by men. Almost half (49 percent) of single, wid...
Canada is well-known for its diverse and complex cultural mix of people. Because there is such a broad variety of people living in Canada, there is bound to be some disconnect when it comes to the idea of true equality. “An absolute definition of poverty focuses on essentials, suggesting that poor families have inadequate resources to acquire the necessities of life (food, clothing, and shelter)” (Brym, Lie, 2012). When a person is deprived of their necessities of life, it is considered to be an obstruction upon their rights and freedoms as a Canadian citizen. “Currently, 14% of Canadians are living in poverty, with much higher rates for single-parent mother families, unattached female seniors, urban Aboriginals, and recent immigrants” (Reutter,
Stevenson, Garth. "Canadian Federalism: The Myth of the Status Quo." Reinventing Canada: Politics of the 21st Century. Ed. M. Janine Brodie and Linda Trimble. Toronto: Prentice Hall, 2003. 204-14. Print.
Seccombe, Karen. "Famlies in Poverty in the 1990's: Trends, Causes, Consequences, and Lessons Learned." Journal of Marriage and Family Nov. 2000.
This paper focuses on proposing some useful methods to carry out research and collect relevant data in order to study and address an important and widely concerned issue in Canadian labour policy: “what’s the effect of minimum wage on poverty in Canada?” More specifically, this question can be represented as:
I opted to research Early Childhood Education in the Dominican Republic. The nation did not relish full independence until 1844, when it emerged from twenty-two years of vocation by Haiti; this liberation came later than that of most Latin American countries. (unicef.org). The Dominican Republic has faced many hardships and perpetuates to emerge being an independent country. “It has been estimated that the country's total population in mid-1990 will total remotely more than 7 million. Magnification had been high since official census taking commenced in 1920. The rate peaked during the 1950s at 3.6 percent per year. During the 1960s and the 1970s, the population grew at 2.9 percent annually; by the mid-1980s, the rate was thought to be roughly 2.5 percent.” (unicef.ogd). In the past four decades the birth rate has astringently decremented due to woman utilizing contraceptives, because the population is so sizably voluminous in the Dominican Republic there is a high desideratum for edification. Education is the most paramount building block in every person’s life, without Education you cannot get an authentic vocation and build a life.
Demonstrate a strong understanding of current Australian early childhood education and care reform agenda in Australia since 2007. The Australian ECE and care reform agenda was initiated, in 2007, due to a concern for the wellbeing and increasingly poor outcomes for children in several key areas. Evidence confirmed the importance and impact of a child’s health, well-being, development and learning in the early years, therefore the need for an NQF and NQS was initiated. The impact of social change over recent decades has shown families struggling to function and aid in their child’s development.
Many families today face financial issues overall. With childcare there are not many places that are easy to get into and not only that but they are extremely expensive. But there are many solutions and helping facilities that help many families across Canada. There is a Universal child care benefit plan that provides a monthly allowance of one hundred dollars per month per child to canandian families to support the cost of childcare. This plan is only paid to those who are under six years of age. The way it is paid, is directly, from there they choose which type of child care is best beneficial to the child. There is also Child tax benefit and other income tax deductions. As well as the monthly income there are also subsidies which vary from family to family which ranges from their income, type of child care, family sizes as well as the ages of children. This being said there are many difficulties with getting these benefits ...