A similarity in the government and imperial administrations of Han China and Imperial Rome includes that they both had problems with defense that resulted in governmental and economic downfall. One difference in this same category involves the army in Rome causing political upset, which did not occur nearly as often in China.
Both empires faced problems with their neighbors and built walls to try and shield their long boarders from these invaders. In Rome they were mainly worried about the Parthians, so they built long walls along unprotected parts of boarder (most parts of the boarder were protected by mountains, deserts, and sea). In China they built the Great Wall of China to block out the Xiongnu, aka barbarians. Both empires also sent
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frontier defenses out to defend the boarders, which was very costly. The great cost of these frontier boarders demanded the government impose noticeably higher taxes on the people, causing them to distrust the government. These factors weakened the economy and government in both empires, and eventually, the boarders were overrun. Another similarity between the governments of these two empires includes the tactic that the autocratic leaders used to assure their power in both empires. In both, the autocratic members would force old families that were in power out of power, steal their extra land, and sell it to small farmers (because farmers were stripped of their land and forced into the military). One of the differences between Han China and Imperial Rome is that there was less political disruption caused by the army in China than there was in Rome.
The Roman army was made up of professionals, and the percentage of privileged people serving in the army gradually rose. Because of these factors and the fact that Roman soldiers individually served in the army for decades, a fairly large percentage of them tried to come into power (Although most of them failed). In China, the army consisted of draftees, and because each of them only served for two years, they were less tempted to try and force their way up into power. Another difference was caused because of the way the government handled the merchants in China. In China, the government looked down on merchants because society thought they were suspicious and always accused them of driving up their prices. They referred to them as “parasites who lived off the work of others”, and the merchants were often mocked and blamed for Chinas economic problems. For these reasons, the Chinese government often imposed on their business and restricted it. In Rome, the government did not interfere with how the merchants did their business, and therefore Rome had an economic upturn and gained more economic
mobility. One of the aforementioned similarities about the government and imperial administrations of Han China and Imperial Rome was how the government in both empires suffered due to costly defenses along their borders. One of the differences stated was how the army stirred up political trouble frequently in Rome, but it did not happen in China frequently.
Some similarities between the Zhou and Han dynasties include the family and religious systems and some of the changes include government authority and increasing trade and philosophy.
The Han Dynasty and Roman Empire existed around the same time period and both lasted around 400 years. They each had large populations (around 50 million), conquered enemies they felt as a threat, wanted to spread their boundaries and had strong militaries. The Han Dynasty, located in China, was built on other dynasties such as the Qin and Zhou. The Great Wall of China was built during
Both Han China and Rome had to deal with a weakening government, which in both cases led to landlords ruling over the peasants. The landlords' demands were added to the heavy taxes peasants also had to pay, leading to extreme poverty. The two civilizations faced declining cultural innovation, caused by scholars not creating
One of the similarities between two civilizations in terms of religion affect political hierarchy would be how did the kings keep their power. First of all, most of the emperors of China started out as a general in the military and that is the same for the Aztecs because they believed that the best warrior shall be the ruler of the Aztecs. In order for the Aztec rulers to stay in power, they eat human flesh and the human heart just like their gods. They do this so they can be seen more like and god or more superior than the regular citizens. In China, they do not eat human flesh nor do they do anything to please their gods instead they follow the ways of the Mandate of Heaven and do the things that a good emperor or “son of heaven” should do. They are similar because they do things to make people consider them as partially “god” or a god.
Despite the social hierarchy and acceptance of position of the population in both societies, Han China and Classical Athens had disparities proportionate to their physical sizes. The geographical isolation from each other resulted in the differences in demographics, characteristics of government structures, individual duties and roles in government, and the general view of life.
Both the Han and Roman empires emphasized on territorial expansions. By utilizing their powerful militaries, they consolidated their power within and across borders, which created stable trade networks for their economic bases. Land equated to wealth and power. Through integration of the local domains, both empires succeeded in political stability. For the Han Empire, their expansion abroad pushed through ecological limits under Emperor Wu Di ( 181-87 BCE), who made military service compulsory. The army expanded bordered into northern Vietnam and southeastern China. Although there were military threats from the Xiongnu, the nomadic people of the north, Wu launched defense attacks that made ...
...ther religions since they never really comitted to one main religion. Han China spread Confucianism by leading Confucius lives, they used Confucius ideas for their law codes and taught Confucius ideas to their children. The Confucian ideas spread by the Han helped rulers like Wudi have long reigns of power by embracing rule by morals and ethics. It also helped spread written exams as ways to determine peoples places and jobs in society based off of merit as opposed to putting anyone anywhere just to give people jobs. China also had a growing population of Daoists who believed in the power of nature. As time progressed both of their societies changed their religions. Rome slowly progressed from a basic Hellenistic polytheism to the once persecuted Christianity. Meanwhile China, which was mainly a Confucian and Daoist led society began to accept and embrace Buddhism.
The Han Dynasty was established in 221 BCE by the rebel leader of the peasants, Liu Bang. Religion not only played a role in the Han dynasty’s rise, but also in their fall through conversion. On the other side of the spectrum, the Roman Empire between 33 and 300, were also undergoing change through religious beliefs. Similarly, both the Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were built by a spread of religious beliefs. In my opinion, religion is the most significant difference between the Roman Empire and the Han Dynasty China based on its effects on the political rule and nature of political authority during both eras. Religion is the most significant difference because societal practices and power structure of the two eras stem from the different beliefs. The Han Dynasty is built up from the spread of Confucianism. The Roman Empire is built up from the spread of Christianity. The two religion’s
Throughout history, and in many nations and empires throughout time, governments are affected by religions of different kinds. Religion has been an integral component of humanity, as a way to search answers to existential questions that they might have as well as possibly giving a reason as to why the things they saw happen occur, mostly in older religions. Religion is used by people in power to govern the citizens of their nations on a basis of that religion, as a way to set the foundations of the rules and regulations that must be followed. The Han Dynasty and the Gupta Empire during the classical ages of China and India, respectively, are examples of how their emperors used religion to exert control and shape their nation. The methods in
“While stands the Coliseum, Rome shall stand; When falls the Coliseum, Rome shall fall; And when Rome falls - the World.” Lord Byron. This essay will discuss the similarities of military, economics and systems of government between the Roman Empire of the 6th century BCE and the United States of America of the 20th century. History has revealed that all superpowers fall eventually, although much time has passed since the glory days of Rome we see in 2015 the largest superpower in charge, the United States. There are many similarities that can be drawn between the American superpower and the Roman Empire such as the same founding of government and both dominated in military, as well as economic similarities. This leads to the conclusion that because the rise to power between the two powers was so similar, the downfall will be equally parallel.
Ancient Greece and China had similar problems. They both had to deal with civil wars. They also dealt with rivers flooding. Lastly, they both had to deal with plague that killed a lot of the population in the Ancient lands.
The Ottoman Empire and the Ming Dynasty had many differences and similarities. Both had different origins, government, religions, economy, society, and history. However, the two empires were similar in the empire's vastness, their economic and military strength, the emperor's power, and their decline. The Ottoman Empire and the Ming Dynasty were some of the greatest empires in Asia, as well as in the world.
The Han dynasty and the Roman Empire were both powerful empires during their era. However, the ways they obtained their power varied greatly because they used different methods that involved their political structures, which revolved around their centralized governments. The Han dynasty and the Roman Empire acquired very unique techniques that allowed them to control social and political. For example, the Han dynasty adopted a religion known as Confucianism, which monitored everything in the lives of the Chinese. Contrary, the Roman Empire established a monarchy but allowed its residents more freedom as compared to the Han. Nevertheless, the two empires were similar in political structures in that the power was depended on the wealthy that were in authority, the peasants struggled with their lives because of concerning issues such as food supply. The empires were able to create and preserve a peaceful and sustainable lives for a long time, unlike the past empires. Social distribution were under the control of the wealthiest and they could effortlessly impact community viewpoints and interactions among the residents. These two empires existed during the Classical Period had comparable and various social, political, religions, as well as economical values and practices. However, they both possessed differences and similarities in their economic and social perspectives even though the two empires were established around the same era.
One of the most influential reason for the fall of the Han Dynasty was Taxation. The reason why taxation had such a big impact was because once the Han Dynasty was getting weaker it could no longer tax many of its subjects. It was no longer strong enough to force anyone or anything to pay their taxes, or even give the work time that they owed to the government. Eventually when that didn’t work either the Han dynasty had to increase taxation levels. The Han tried to get rid of the power of the wealthy by raising the taxation levels but once it started to fall, it just made the wealthy even more powerful and they used the fall to their advantage, which just made the Han dynasty even more weak. On the other hand, Western Rome also had a similar
The political system of both Roman empires was based on virtue and the republic was founded with the Senate as the center. The magistrates were elected annually and also had control of the armies. The key to Roman superiority was the patriotism and training and drills.