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Essay of police role in criminal investigation
Topic on prevention of child sexual abuse
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Sex crimes are extremely serious among the criminal justice system. Sexual offenses are defined as criminal sexual acts such as when a person forces or threatens another individual to contribute in undesired sexual activities (FD, n.d.). Laws regarding sexual offenses have gone through necessary reforms to adapt to modern society norms. Although changes have been made, sexual offenses continue to be a problem in society and a challenge for the justice system to protect the people from sexual offenders. Sexual offenses can be classified in a variety of types and austerity. Sexual abuse is one of the most common forms of sexual offenses to the criminal justice system. Sexual abuse if a form of sexual offenses. It is defined as when an individual …show more content…
On most occasions, victims will not report their abuse because of fear of rejection from society. Victims are afraid of many possible outcomes of confessing such as others will not believe their story, they may be blamed for being abused, or the victim becomes dependent on the abuse or abuser. They may be so worn down that mentally and emotionally they cannot fight their circumstances. It is also possible for victims to feel as though it is their fault because they did or could not fight back. Getting help and reaching out to overcome or deal with sexual abuse is important for a victim. There are many types of treatment such as therapy or support groups and they allow victims to tell their stories without interruption or judgement. Treatment is a necessity because it “creates an environment of safety and open communication to allow the victim the ability to discuss the abuse openly without judgment” (Pierucki, 2015). The belief of treatment is that if victims repeatedly talk about what happened to them, then overtime the victim can start to overcome the feelings brought by the memory of the incident and let go. Society can contribute to helping the battle against sexual abuse by teaching …show more content…
Statistics taken on the matter are incorrect because most victims do not come forward about their attacks. Victims are encouraged to report their attack, but do not because of many fears such as dealing with the justice system. Future changes should be made starting with ensuring victims are treated with dignity and brought through the proper procedures. For example, authorities and medical officials should allow victims to give their statements without any interruptions. It should also be mandatory to immediately bring in a specialist to discuss with the victims because they are equipped to handle sexual abuse cases. Victims need to feel respected, understood, and told about their support system so that they do not feel alone. The next major change involving sexual abuse is accountability. Sexual offenders need to be responsible for the harm they have placed on victims with not only prison time, probation, or rehabilitation, but with personal activities to assist the victim to heal. For example, victims should get a limited amount of time to decide if they would like to involve the offender in their healing process. The healing process can involve monitored visits between the victim and offender talking about why the circumstances happened, doing things that the victim would want to do such as writing letters, and other productive activities that would not only help the victim to move on, but also help the offender realize
Sexual assault is the act of sexual intercourse without consent of the other person according to the New South Wales Consolidation Act of 1900 (Austlii 2011) and is also described by the Australian Standard Offence Classification as ‘non-consensual’ acts or intents of sexual nature (ASOC 2008, p. 31). It has become one of the most predominate crimes creating social harm in Australia. Social harm is defined as the negative influence through consequences impacting the individual on the living conditions of the surrounding public (Cain & Howe 2008, p. 26). Sexual assault poses a social threat to all aspects of the community, spreading insecurity in the 9000 victims across Australia and 1900 victims in NSW alone as indicated in the Australian Bureau of Statistics Crime Victimisation Report (ABS 2011, p. 40). This is supported by the victimization rate of all sexually assaulted victims between ages 10 to 14 being 4 times greater than all the other age groups (ABS 2010).
This essay will discuss the many different types of sex offenses that are considering a crime. It will then talk about some of the historical sexual offenders laws that have shaped society as a whole. It will also define the role religion plays on the emergence of new Sex offender’s laws that we have in contemporary societies. And finally talk about the emergence of some currents sex offenses laws we have in our nation.
According to RAINN, (2009) approximately 10 per cent of all victims of sexual assault and abuse are adult and juvenile males. In terms of the nature of assault, real figures include a compendium of reported incidents ranging from unwanted sexual touching to forced penetration. To qualify this statement, it must be understood that the percentage does not reflect a vast number of crimes that go unreported due to issues that will be discussed in the present paper.
In today’s society, juveniles that commit a sexual assault have become the subject of society. It’s become a problem in the United States due to the rise of sexual offenses committed by juveniles. The general public attitude towards sex offenders appears to be highly negative (Valliant, Furac, & Antonowicz, 1994). The public reactions in the past years have shaped policy on legal approaches to managing sexual offenses. The policies have included severe sentencing laws, sex offender registry, and civil commitment as a sexually violent predator (Quinn, Forsyth, & Mullen-Quinn, 2004). This is despite recidivism data suggesting that a relatively small group of juvenile offenders commit repeat sexual assaults after a response to their sexual offending (Righthand &Welch, 2004).
In a study done by The Journal of Clinical Psychology, “the primary reason for not reporting seemed to combine a type of guilt with embarrassment.” With the help of utilizing support groups, clubs, and other programs among college campuses that are designed to make the victim’s experience a little easier, the victims may not feel as embarrassed to come out and may feel safer in their decision to move forward with their case. One of the most notable effects of rape is the psychological impact that it has on the victim immediately as well as long-term. Many victims feel depression, anxiety, and other sudden onset mental illnesses as a result of their attack and can last for years post-attack. The Journal of Interpersonal Violence reported that in their study of 95 victims over a 12 week long period, “by 3 months post-crime 47% still met the full criteria for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.” This prolonged experience of emotional trauma can weaken the person’s overall mental wellbeing and cause the trauma to stick with them for the rest of their lives, especially if there are no support resources around them. As cited in the Journal of Clinical Psychology study previously, the number one reason for not reporting is the feeling of embarrassment which causes the victims to not talk about their experience and to shut out those around
“The total number of reports of sexual assaults is up 11 percent over the previous year, and 70 percent over 2012, but officials said increased reporting is a sign of better confidence in the system.”(Hlad)
Sex offenders have been a serious problem for our legal system at all levels, not to mention those who have been their victims. There are 43,000 inmates in prison for sexual offenses while each year in this country over 510,000 children are sexually assaulted(Oakes 99). The latter statistic, in its context, does not convey the severity of the situation. Each year 510,000 children have their childhood's destroyed, possibly on more than one occasion, and are faced with dealing with the assault for the rest of their lives. Sadly, many of those assaults are perpetrated by people who have already been through the correctional system only to victimize again. Sex offenders, as a class of criminals, are nine times more likely to repeat their crimes(Oakes 99). This presents a
Victims of sexual assault include men, women, children, heterosexuals, and homosexuals. It can happen to anyone. However, women are the most commonly victimized. One in four women and one in sixteen men are victims of assault (1). From 2003 to 2004...
According to the U.S. Department of Justice, "when crimes are not reported to the police, victims may not be able to obtain necessary services to cope with the victimization, and offenders may go unpunished." The U.S. Department of Justice Office states that, in order for victims to obtain the necessary services they need, they have to disclose the incident and seek help. Methods My first source, Why Sexual Assault Victims Delay Presenting at Hospitals, was constructed from sexual assault cases presented at the hospital from January 2005 to December 2008; those records were collected from the sexual assault service center. There were 534 records collected and used during the study, 466 were females, and 68 were men.
The scary part is that this number does not even account for the numerous cases that are not even reported. Many victims are threatened or even hurt so badly that they must keep their mouth shut in fear of even worse abuse to come. Of course, a large portion of these victims are women, which makes it even more understandable. In order to deal with the after effects of domestic abuse, women need social and emotional support (Svavarsdóttir et al.).
Powerlessness is highly present in victims of abuse whose efforts to end their abuser’s ways have been combated and the victim has lost all will and power in their situation. The victim may continue to feel a sense of disempowerment throughout their life, making it easier for them to fall victim to abuse again. In fact, in a study of 2,855 women, the victims of sexual abuse as children were 3 ½ times more likely to report sexual violence again in their lifetime than those who had not previously been victims. The last dynamic, stigmatization, causes victims to experience low self-esteem because of the stigmas against their situation and social pressures to hide their abuse rather than speaking up for themselves. Together, these four dynamics give us a better understanding of the lives and struggles of victims of childhood sexual abuse, including Charlie.
Sexual assault/abuse involves a person performing sexual and abusive actions against another with force. It has always been an emotional subject for many people across the globe and has caused many conflicts through a variety of occasions. Sexual assault is performed by anybody, including teenagers and older adults. The reason for performing these barbaric acts is for power, control and sexual pleasure. Sexual assaults mostly occur when the victim is at his/her most vulnerable state, making the offender able to easily conduct his/her plan and that way the victim would be so confused and unaware that he/she might not have the chance to fight back and escape. Sexual assaults are caused either after when the victim is at the peak of vulnerability,
Being sexually abused can have a huge impact on an individuals life. Victims are often left physically, mentally and emotionally damaged. A major issue when dealing with female sex offenders is the report of crimes, particularly when male victims are involved. “A variety of factors have been found to influence decisions to formally report sexual assault, including severity of the crime, injury, relationship to the offender, and anticipated reactions from others” (Wyatt and Newcomb 1990; Arata 1998; Smith et al. 2000; Felson and Paré 2005 as cited by Hlavka 2014). According to the Center for Sex Offender Management Sexual (2007) incidents involving female perpetrators are less likely to be reported and/or not pursued by law enforcement officers for many different reasons.
Most of these victims respond differently concerning relations with the family and society and friends. Sexual assault victims include individuals who have been sexually abused by the opposite sex or forced into sexual activities against their own will (Raphael, 2013). Most of these victims tend to hide their sexual harassment cases from relatives and friends and may take longer to tell their stories (Shapiro, 2012). Others end up avoiding communications with the opposite sex due to fear of having a repeat of the incident. Lastly, some become distant from relatives and society as a result of shame or lacking self-esteem.
There will always be time when that memory comes up. (Scholarship) Childhood sexual abuse victims suffer from a lot of symptoms and psychological problems because of the traumatic childhood experience. To try to move past the trauma and cope with sexual abuse, children need the help of professionals and treatment methods. There are many successful treatment methods can work with different childhood sexual