Saint Sebastian Cured by Irene is a painting by Luca Giordano which was completed in 1665. It is on display at the Philadelphia Museum of Art, on display at Gallery 258 and a part of the Johnson Collection. The work is an oil on canvas painting, and has the dimensions of 72 1/2 x 108 3/4 inches (184.1 x 276.2 cm). The subject of the painting is Saint Sebastian, an early Christian martyr. The painting depicts an important moment in Saint Sebastian’s life, where he is discovered to be alive and nursed back to health by Irene. Saint Sebastian’s activities of spreading Christianity under the Roman emperor Diocletian had earned him the antagonism of the Roman Empire, which led to Sebastian being put to death. He was shot full of arrows and was expected to be dead. But when Irene went to take the body of Sebastian to bury it, she discovered that he was still alive, and nursed him back to health. The miraculous protection of Sebastian from the arrows had made him a popular saint among soldiers (along with Sebastian’s former occupation of being a Roman legionnaire), which in turn led to his popularity as a subject in art.
The style employed by the Giordano is clearly naturalistic, as there is a distinct attempt to render the subject in a manner that is faithful to how things look like in the real world (Davies, Denny and Hofrichter 4). While there is some idealized elements, particularly in the pose of Saint Sebastian in the painting, naturalism takes precedent as the dominant style in the painting. This is demonstrated by the anatomical correctness and accuracy in the size and forms of the human figures, true-to-life perspective, the rendering of the interactions of light and shadow and the depiction of the textures and colors in the pai...
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... the period compared to the primacy of the idealized an unattainable divine during the previous medieval period. The element of healing that Irene accomplishes for the Saint is also highlighted through the contrasting color use, the interaction of light and shadow and the compositional choices made by Giordano. Perhaps the emphasis on emotion and mood in this painting is relevant to its original position as being overhead another of Giordano’s painting, which depicts Jesus at the temple with the doctors. Just as Irene accomplishes the will of the divine through her human emotional reaction of compassion towards Saint Sebastian, the divine Jesus Christ is able to express human logic and reasoning to impress the doctors in the temple. In both cases, the increasing importance of the human aspect vis-à-vis the divine marks Giordano’s subscription to Renaissance ideals
The tendencies of Baroque translated differently in parts of Europe. In Italy, it reflected the return of intense piety through dense church ornamentations, complex architecture, and dynamic painting. Calabrese’s work exhibits the combined artistic stimuli of the 17th century and culminates in the acquired Caravagesque style that alters how paintings were composed from then on. Executed at the height of Calabrese’s most creative phase, St. John the Baptist Preaching is indicates the monumentality of change in urbanization as well as the return of Catholic permanence in the 1600’s. Aside from the Baroque power of the artwork, Calabrese’s St. John is a piece worth gravitating to and stands as reminder of the grandiose excesses of Baroque art.
The chosen art work is "Miracle of St. Dominic." This painting is a tempera on panel, painted by the Renaissance artist Taddeo di Bartolo, in the year thirteen sixty three. The painting is currently housed at the McNay Art Museum, measuring approximately 10" high by 10" wide. In this particular painting we are witnessing a miracle by St. Dominical. There are spectators and a horse that lays above the man in red, who St. Dominical has brought back to life.
Gentileschi’s Judith Slaying Holofernes epitomizes the style of artwork during the Italian Baroque era. By using a Catholic subject and key elements and techniques essential to baroque art such as chiaroscuro and foreshortening, she was able to create a piece that gushes drama and realism. Without the use of all of these elements the effect would be lost, but instead the piece is one that moves the viewer with its direct and gritty realism of the religious subject, evoking emotion in a way that leaves the viewer in awe.
By most accounts, the year 1500 was in the midst of the height of the Italian Renaissance. In that year, Flemmish artist Jean Hey, known as the “Master of Moulins,” painted “The Annunciation” to adorn a section of an alter piece for his royal French patrons. The painting tells the story of the angel Gabriel’s visit to the Virgin Mary to deliver the news that she will give birth to the son of God. As the story goes, Mary, an unwed woman, was initially terrified about the prospects of pregnancy, but eventually accepts her fate as God’s servant. “The Annunciation” is an oil painting on a modest canvas, three feet tall and half as wide. The setting of the painting is a study, Mary sitting at a desk in the bottom right hand corner reading, and the angel Gabriel behind her holding a golden scepter, perhaps floating and slightly off the canvas’s center to the left. Both figures are making distinct hand gestures, and a single white dove, in a glowing sphere of gold, floats directly above Mary’s head. The rest of the study is artistic but uncluttered: a tiled floor, a bed with red sheets, and Italian-style architecture. “The Annunciation” was painted at a momentous time, at what is now considered the end of the Early Renaissance (the majority of the 15th Century) and the beginning of the High Renaissance (roughly, 1495 – 1520). Because of its appropriate placement in the Renaissance’s timeline and its distinctly High Renaissance characteristics, Jean Hey’s “Annunciation” represents the culmination of the transition from the trial-and-error process of the Early Renaissance, to the technical perfection that embodied the High Renaissance. Specifically, “Annunciation” demonstrates technical advancements in the portrayal of the huma...
The artists of the Baroque had a remarkably different style than artists of the Renaissance due to their different approach to form, space, and composition. This extreme differentiation in style resulted in a very different treatment of narrative. Perhaps this drastic stylistic difference between the Renaissance and Baroque in their treatment of form, space, and composition and how these characteristics effect the narrative of a painting cannot be seen more than in comparing Perugino’s Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St. Peter from the Early Renaissance to Caravaggio’s Conversion of St. Paul from the Baroque.Perugino was one of the greatest masters of the Early Renaissance whose style ischaracterized by the Renaissance ideals of purity, simplicity, and exceptional symmetry of composition. His approach to form in Christ Delivering the Keys of the Kingdom to St.Peter was very linear. He outlined all the figures with a black line giving them a sense of stability, permanence, and power in their environment, but restricting the figures’ sense of movement. In fact, the figures seem to not move at all, but rather are merely locked at a specific moment in time by their rigid outline. Perugino’s approach to the figures’themselves is extremely humanistic and classical. He shines light on the figures in a clear, even way, keeping with the rational and uncluttered meaning of the work. His figures are all locked in a contrapposto pose engaging in intellectual conversation with their neighbor, giving a strong sense of classical rationality. The figures are repeated over and over such as this to convey a rational response and to show the viewer clarity. Perugino’s approach to space was also very rational and simple. He organizes space along three simple planes: foreground, middle ground, and background. Christ and Saint Peter occupy the center foreground and solemn choruses of saints and citizens occupy the rest of the foreground. The middle distance is filled with miscellaneous figures, which complement the front group, emphasizing its density and order, by their scattered arrangement. Buildings from the Renaissance and triumphal arches from Roman antiquity occupy the background, reinforcing the overall classical message to the
The ability to create a picture of The Annunciation in one’s mind is a key factor in understanding the analysis of the work. Francisco de Zurbaran approaches the painting with a naturalistic style. The painting features a room in which a woman – like angel is seen at the left kneeling on the ground before the Virgin Mary. The figure of Mary is placed between a chair and a small wooden table draped with a green cloth. Mary disregards an open Bible on the table, as she appears solemn while staring at the floor. Floating above the two main figures in the upper left side of the painting are cherubs resting on a bed of clouds. They happily gaze down at Mary with eyes from Heaven.
It was examined by infrared reflectogram and x-rayed for the first time and, on the basis of stylistic hallmarks such as “emphatic cross-hatching,” such as on the face of the saint, it was confirmed to be a Michelangelo (Michelangelo, n.d.). The painting depicts a pale St. Anthony, who was a mystic and possessed the gift of levitation, floating in mid-air being accosted and attacked by several demons, one holding a fiery torch. A correction to the upper curve of one of the bat-like demon’s arms, where Michelangelo applied a slight paint stroke, can be seen.
While the Flemish were proficient in oil painting, Italian Renaissance artists continued their predecessor’s use of tempera. Furthermore, the paintings were ultimately created for different purposes and separate viewers. Although both works are centered on the defining moment of the annunciation, The Merode Altarpiece incorporates this scene into a secular setting, therefore differing from Fra Angelico’s The Annunciation which was painted for a monastery. Finally, Flemish and Italian Renaissance paintings differ in levels of realism. Although the Flemish painters were skilled in portraying realism of physical forms, they lacked a full understanding of linear perspective. In contrast, the Italian Renaissance artists were well versed in linear perspective but lacked a complete grasp of the natural
...tism. The dove which has been tactfully placed above the Christ’s head, symbolizes the Holy Spirit. The other characters are angels who believed to be witnessing the baptism. The nakedness of the Christ on the other hand symbolizes humility. The general landscape in this picture displays an extraordinary naturalism. The Francesca’s work also marked the era of excessive antiquarian style of sculpturing and tactful use of oil in painting (Prescott, 2005).
The masculine and idealized form of the human body is an ever-present characteristic of Michelangelo’s sculpture. Many people over the years have speculated why this may be, but there has never been a definitive answer, and probably never will be. Through all of his sculpture there is a distinct classical influence, with both his subject matter and his inclination to artistically create something beautiful. In most cases, for Michelangelo, this means the idealized human figure, seeping with contraposto. This revival of classical influences is common for a Renaissance artisan, but the new, exaggerated form of the human body is new and unique to Michelangelo’s artistic style.
... the way that the artwork is resembled in the religious background of the gospel but reconstructed in to a celebrating impression. Throughout the fresco painting it depicts the myth of the Christ’s three fold temptations relating back to the article that “distinction between fresco and panel painting is sharp, and that painters are seen as competitors amongst themselves discriminating also, between the difference in genuine attempts in being better then the other.” Baxandall, “Conditions of Trade,” 26. in relation, the painting concerns the painter’s conscious response to picture trade, and the non-isolation in pictorial interests.
Marshall indicates Renaissance altarpieces of the Martyrdom of Sebastian were highly detailed and grandiose. These precisely painted altarpieces were regarded as a product of “Art for art’s sake” Accuracy was used as a persuasive mechanism to make the narrative seem more real and easier to relate to. Barker argues that it was a common belief that the more beautiful the image of offering was, then the more God would be satisfied and soften his wrath. Barker also reasons aesthetically pleasing images were also used as a visual medicine to maintain pleasant
...tions about the boundaries between human and divine creation comes up, to what degree can either take place of the other and the artist’s godlike power to instill “dead things” with a sense of life in their artistic creations (Hamburgh, 1988). Mannerism received a lot of criticism and violated the artistic values of the Renaissance. Rosso received high regard from Vasari, a prominent historian, who described him as a “man of splendid presence with a gracious and serious manner of speaking, a good musician and with knowledge of philosophy.” Perceptions on Mannerism arts have fluctuated over the years and have received positive remarks recently. The desire by Rosso to shock and rebel against the accepted standards makes his arts stand out from the arts at his time. Rosso’s arts are indeed a beautiful sight to behold but violates the widely spread ideas in the society.
During the Renaissance, the Virgin Mary was prevalent theme throughout this period where artists such as: Fra Angelico, Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael, Bothicellical and Perugino were inspired to paint the Virgin Mary. The paintings show a motherly pleasant looking women holding or caring for her child. The paints are capturing the Mary as a human but giving her a divine appearance. The child being Christ shows her power by giving birth to him and by caring for the Son of God. In essence providing love, caring, and protection for the young child of God. For example, plate 15 and frame 23, these plates show a compassionate caring mother that is humanistic in depiction but larger or more encompassing of the painting than the Christ child. This is implying her importance in the early life of Christ. This also shows the power or her earthly influence over the child even though she is a human and not a deity. This gives her a special place in the church as the earthly Mother that is the most perfect of humans, other than Christ.
Located in a hallway nestled between the Art of Europe and Art of Ancient Worlds wings at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston is the Italian Renaissance Gallery (Gallery 206). Here, Donatello’s Madonna of the Clouds and Luca della Robbia’s Virgin and child with lilies face one another, vying for museum-goers’ attention from alternate sides of the narrow gallery. Both pieces indulge ingenious techniques, original at the time of conception, to create a completely new visual experience of a very traditional biblical scene, the Virgin Mary with her child, Jesus Christ. This paper will employ close visual analysis of two 15th-century Renaissance reliefs from Florence depicting the Virgin Mary and Jesus Chris in order to show how these artists used innovative