Today’s modern architecture is inspired by great 18th century architects. Architecture during this period expressed passion in sculpture and decorative art from the Neoclassical and Romanticism periods. Architecture a unifying or coherent form or structure as defined in the Merriam-Webster dictionary describes the ideal construction of two great periods. (Merriam-Webster, n.d) Neoclassical and Romanticism artistic structures composed throughout this era were marvels and beauties during this century. These two fascinating periods of architecture can be found everywhere in the United States, they are inspiring today’s generation around the world. Even though each period had their own rules and traditions they were marvels of massive and great symmetrical designs.
During the Rococo period architecture was more asymmetrical, expressed with lighter colors and involved more playful themes. The Neoclassical architecture period during the mid-18th century and early 19th century emphasized the imagination and free will of the society. The Neoclassical period was considered the rebirth of the Classical period. Greek and Roman origins inspired a freedom of thought period known as the “Enlightment” period. Artist looked back at predecessors instead of creating new ideas, they wanted to conserve the past and its traditions. Neoclassical artist saw man as being imperfect humans and inspired by honor, justice and reason.
The earlier period of Romanticism between 1780 and 1830 originated in Europe. The Romantic period was a reaction to the Industrial Revolution, defined by different countries and different artistic views. (Industrial Revolution 2013). The Romantic period also known as the “Counter Enlightenment” period was about expression more...
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... arts and offices as a new approach. The Sainte-Genevieve Library was constructed as one of the greatest cultural buildings of the 19th century to use iron. It consisted of cast iron columns, and iron arches. (Saint Geneviève.2012) This new introduction sparked a movement for change in architecture.
Our generation is inspired to create and bring something new to humanity and remain influenced by the architecture of such a marveled age. The Neoclassical and Romanticism periods sparked an age that produced an overflow in ideas. Works of art in these time periods have proven to be one of many great achievements mankind has witness to this day. Society strives to design and challenge our minds on how our architecture will reflect to our cultures. Everywhere artist, architects and even musicians will be encouraged by the Roman and Greek influences passed on to the world.
In Neoclassical art, the emphasis is on form, simplicity, proportion and restrained emotion. The aesthetic attitudes and principles were based on the culture, art and literature of ancient Greece and Rome in antiquity. It invokes characteristics such as harmony, clarity, restraint, universality and idealism. The artists of this period concerned themselves with human affairs ruled by reason, the outgrowth of the Enlightenment. There was a regard for tradition and reverence for the classics, with an...
One of the great things about America is the fact that it echoes previous centuries in ways that not many people would expect. Due to its diversity, it is thought of as a melting pot because it is filled with all kinds of culture and people from all over the world. But instead of this stereotypical metaphor, America can be thought of as the place where world architecture has not died, but instead has continued to thrive in a way that makes it suitable towards modern expectations. Greek architecture has been one of the most commonly used within this context. Although it emerged almost 3,000 years ago, the application of their architecture is still widely used today in places that aren’t Europe. We can see evidence of this through America’s government and financial buildings such as the Georgia’s Chamber of Commerce, the Capitol and even more commonly known, the White House. The White House is a major symbol of the United States and when bystanders observe its white walls, they not only a building of high status among the American people, but they also catch a glimpse into the past of centuries worth of influential architecture.
To understand how Romanticism changed the way society thought, you must first understand the meanings and reason behind the movement. The Romantic Movement in the late 18th and early 19th centuries was described as a movement in the history of culture, an aesthetic style, and an attitude of mind. (Fiero) Romanticism provided expression of their thoughts and ideas toward their own societies, which was in effect predominantly in Europe and in the United States. The movement was a reaction to the Enlightenment which provided strict ideology and rationalism. The Church had much to do with the Enlightenment seeing as if religion and the importance of God were incorporated into most aspects of their culture. Thus, Romanticism was a response to the Enlightenment Movement and their religious ideology.
Romanticism itself actually originated from Europe in Germany by the publication of Goethe’s Sorrows of Young Werther. It then moved to England; not until 1830, Romanticism appeared in America. “American Romanticism was a movement that marked the reaction in literature, philosophy, art, religion, and politics” (Scheidenhelm). It was an age of westward expansion, and a rebellion against the Age of Reason. It was the return to classics. Historically, this period of tensions resulted in the Civil War. Romantic Literature was personal, intense, and showe...
The Italian Renaissance, which being in Italy in the14th century. Was an immense transformative period in western history? This important era took hold of its granted the impact it had on the development of art and more specifically architecture the artists of the Renaissance era turned their gaze toward the classical world searching for ways to revive in absorb the humanistic ideals of antiquity in creating a completely new form architecture.
The Romantic period was an expressive and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century and peaked in the 1800s-1850s. This movement was defined and given depth by an expulsion of all ideals set by the society of the particular time, in the sense that the Romantics sought something deeper, something greater than the simplistic and structured world that they lived in. They drew their inspiration from that around them. Their surroundings, especially nature and the very fabric of their minds, their imagination. This expulsion of the complexity of the simple human life their world had organised and maintained resulted in a unique revolution in history. Eradication of materialism, organisation and society and
Romanticism first came about in the 18th century and it was mostly used for art and literature. The actual word “romanticism” was created in Britain in the 1840s. People like Victor Hugo, William Wordsworth, and Percy Bysshe Shelley had big impacts on this style of art. Romanticism is an art in which people express their emotion. Whatever they believed is put into a picture, painting, poem, or book. Romanticism goes deep into a mind. It is very deep thinking and it’s expressing yourself through that deep thinking. Romanticism is the reaction to the Enlightenment and the enlightenment aka the “Age of Reason” took place during the 1700s to 1800s. The enlightenment emphasized being rational and using your mind; on the other hand, romanticism focuses on emotion and imagination. It says don’t just focus on rationality and reason.
The essence of modern architecture lays in a remarkable strives to reconcile the core principles of architectural design with rapid technological advancement and the modernization of society. However, it took “the form of numerous movements, schools of design, and architectural styles, some in tension with one another, and often equally defying such classification, to establish modernism as a distinctive architectural movement” (Robinson and Foell). Although, the narrower concept of modernism in architecture is broadly characterized by simplification of form and subtraction of ornament from the structure and theme of the building, meaning that the result of design should derive directly from its purpose; the visual expression of the structure, particularly the visual importance of the horizontal and vertical lines typical for the International Style modernism, the use of industrially-produced materials and adaptation of the machine aesthetic, as well as the truth to materials concept, meaning that the true nat...
Romanticism started in the 18th century and was said to be influenced by the French and Industrial Revolution.
There are several events and movements within the Enlightenment that contributed to the rise of Neoclassicism. The expansion, evolution, and redefinition of the European standard classical education was one of the greatest causes, as well was the then recent archeological discoveries of Pompeii and Herculaneum. The rise in commissioned art and architecture and the refinement of art scholarship also gave rise to this movement. Finally, the general reaction to the exorbitant styles of Baroque and Rococo necessitated a return to the more orderly ideals of antiquity. The Neoclassical movement, for the purposes of this paper, can be defined as the movement that, from 1750 to 1830, looked back to the Greek and Roman artists, philosophers, and ideals as the highest point in artistic achievement and then attempted to combine antiquity's feelings of solidarity and harmony with new designs to create a vibrant and exciting, yet distinguished and restrained art form.
Romanticism was a reaction to the Enlightenment as a cultural movement, an aesthetic style, and an attitude of mind (210). Culturally, Romanticism freed people from the limitations and rules of the Enlightenment. The music of the Enlightenment was orderly and restrained, while the music of the Romantic period was emotional. As an aesthetic style, Romanticism was very imaginative while the art of the Enlightenment was realistic and ornate. The Romanticism as an attitude of mind was characterized by transcendental idealism, where experience was obtained through the gathering and processing of information. The idealism of the Enlightenment defined experience as something that was just gathered.
For this task, the two art periods that I have decided to compare are the Baroque and the Neoclassical periods. The discipline within in the humanities that I have choose to focus on for this essay is the aspect of architecture in the respective periods.
Meijenfeldt, E. V., and Geluk, M. 2003. Below ground level: creating new spaces for contemporary architecture. Birkhauser
This idea led to two different types of neoclassicism: Structural and Romantic. Structural Classicism included buildings like prisons, hospitals, and railway stations. Those who followed this style believed that “the essence of architecture is construction. All stylistic transformations are merely the logical consequence of technical development.” In contrast, Romantic Classicism included museums and libraries. The style focused more on the landscape, symmetry, and balance (Frampton
The time of Romanticism began in the late 18th century and ended around the mid 19th century. Just showing what the Romantic Movement is, it can be shown as a reaction against Neoclassicism.