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Katherine Gonzalez
Professor Sagebiel
HUM 101
14 December 2015
Final
Music has evolved in too many different forms that we recognize today. We trace this development throughout time. Beginning in the middle ages, we have seen advancement from the Gregorian chant all the way to the Jazz of the 20th century. The current events, politics, religion, technology and composers can shape musical eras during time. Here I will be looking at the Classical through Post-Modern for a better understanding that can be reached to why, when, where and who are the reasons for musical evolution.
The Classical period is between the baroque and romantic periods. This implies music from the Classical
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period is music created between around 1750 to 1820. These years were convulsed by the Seven Years’ War, the American and French revolutions, and the Napoleonic Wars. Political and economic power shifted from the aristocracy and church to the middle class (Kamien 153). It was a time when composers wanted music to sound natural, well-structured, and attractive to the average listener. A symphony is an augmented musical synthesis in Western Classical music, frequently composed for orchestra. During the Classical time, there was a blast of new sorts in instrumental music, which is music for instruments, without singing. The greater part of these instrumental sorts were isolated into three or four developments, that is, without independent standing areas (Kamien, 2015). You can think about a Classical-time instrumental piece as a three or four-course supper, with developments for courses. Classical composers were similar to master culinary specialists who made divine dinners brimming with balance and contrast. The Composers in the Classical period were Mozart, Haydn, Beethoven, Schubert. Their genres are symphony, sonata, string quartet, solo concerto, opera. Melody: Short, adjusted expressions make tuneful tunes; tune more impacted by vocal than instrumental style; continuous rhythms deliver light, breezy feeling. Harmony: The rate at which harmonies change shifts significantly, making a dynamic flux and stream; straightforward chordal harmonies made more dynamic by "Alberti" bass. Rhythm: Departs from consistent, driving examples of Baroque time to end up more unpredictable; more prominent cadenced assortment inside of a solitary development. Color: Orchestra develops bigger; woodwind segment of two woodwinds, oboes, clarinets, and bassoons gets to be ordinary; piano replaces harpsichord as chief console instrument.Texture: Mostly homophonic; slender bass and center extent, consequently light and straightforward; sections in contrapuntal style show up sparingly and primarily for complexity. Structure: A couple of standard structures: sonata-allegro, topic and varieties, rondo, ternary (for minuets and trios), and twofold article (for solo concerto). (Kamien, 2015) Romantic Period in music extended from about 1820 to 1900.
There are many differences between romantic and classical music. Romantic works tend to have greater ranges of tone color, dynamics, and pitch. The emotional intensity associated with romanticism was already present in the work of Mozart and particularly in that of Beethoven, who greatly influenced composers after him (Kamien, 211). The composers in the Romantic period were Beethoven, Schubert, Berlioz, Mendelssohn, Robert Schumann, Clara Schumann, Chopin, Liszt, Verdi, Wagner, Bizet, Brahms, Dvorak, Tchaikovsky, Musorgsky, Mahler, Puccini. Their genres were ensemble, program orchestra, sensational suggestion, show suggestion, tone sonnet, musical show, workmanship tune, symphonic melody, solo concerto, character piece for piano, artful dance music. Melody: more adaptable and unpredictable fit as a fiddle than in the Classical period; long, singable lines with intense peaks and chromatic affectations for expressiveness. Harmony: Greater utilization of chromaticism makes the amicability wealthier and more vivid; sudden movements to remote harmonies for expressive purposes; delayed cacophony passes on sentiments of tension and aching. Rhythm: free and loose, sporadically darkening the meter; beat can change extraordinarily (rubato) and some of the time eases back to a slither to take into consideration "the fantastic signal". Color: symphony gets to be tremendous, coming to upward of 100 entertainers: trombone, tuba, contra-bassoon, piccolo, and English horn included; explores different avenues regarding new playing procedures for embellishments; progress shift broadly to make compelling levels of expression; piano gets to be bigger and all the more intense. Texture: prevalently homophonic however thick and rich on account of bigger ensembles and instrumental scores ; managing pedal on the piano additionally adds to thickness. Form: no new structures made; rather, conventional structures (strophic,
sonata-allegro, and subject and varieties, for instance) utilized and stretched out as a part of length; customary structures additionally connected to new types, for example, tone ballad and workmanship melody. (Kamien, 2015) The modern period in music was during the first half of the twentieth century (1900-1945). The early twentieth century was a time of revolt, with fundamental changes in the language of music than any time since the baroque era (Kamien,385). The composers were Stravinsky, Schoenberg, Bartok, Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Ives, Copland, Thomas.Their genres were ensemble, solo concerto, string quartet, musical show, artful dance music, choral music. Melody: Wide-running disjunct lines, frequently chromatic and offensive, precision complemented by utilization of octave dislodging. Harmony: exceptionally cacophonous, checked by chromaticism, new harmonies, and tone bunches; discord no more must move to consonance however may move to another disharmony; at times two clashing, yet equivalent, tonal focuses sound at the same time (polytonality); once in a while no discernable tonal focus is available (atonality). Rhythm: Vigorous, regularly awry rhythms; clashing concurrent meters (polymeter) and rhythms (polyrhythm) make for transient intricacy.Color: gets to be operators of structure and excellence all by itself; arrangers look for new sounds from customary, acoustical instruments and imaginative singing procedures from electronic instruments and PCs, and from commotions in environment. Texture: As changed and individual as the men and ladies creating music. Form: A scope of extremes: sonata-allegro, rondo, topic and varieties advantage from Neo-traditional restoration; twelve-tone system takes into account verging on scientific formal control; structures and procedures of established music, jazz, and popular music start to impact each other in energizing new ways. Post- Modern Period was from 1945 to present.
In terms of the technical differences between the art music of early times and that of the modern period (i.e., after 1600) we can identify five specific features that make post-1600 styles in music sound more or less "familiar."
TitleAuthor/ EditorPublisherDate James Galways’ Music in TimeWilliam MannMichael Beazley Publishers1982 The Concise Oxford History of MusicGerald AbrahamOxford University Press1979 Music in Western CivilizationPaul Henry LangW. W. Norton and Company1941 The Ultimate Encyclopaedia of Classical MusicRobert AinsleyCarlton Books Limited1995 The Cambridge Music GuideStanley SadieCambridge University Press1985 School text: Western European Orchestral MusicMary AllenHamilton Girls’ High School1999 History of MusicRoy BennettCambridge University Press1982 Classical Music for DummiesDavid PogueIDG Books Worldwide,Inc1997
As the late Baroque period morphed into the new period known as the classical period, technological advances and new compositional techniques and ideas created new opportunities for the musicians of the period. The changes allowed for new performance techniques, forms, performance venues, and newly available compositional orchestrations to be improved and evolved into something new and improved for the new period.
There are two distinct eras in music that have impacted it immensely throughout time. They are known as the Baroque era and the Classical era. These eras have helped mold and elevate music, building creative pathways that still hold a strong effect in present day music. The differences in both the Baroque and Classical eras are quite immense but they both hold equal importance to the history of music and are high in their overall influential worth.
Western Music has developed in many ways since the middle ages through its form, sound, and message. Throughout these different periods in western music one thing has remained constant, the true essence of music, a way to communicate with someone on a much more divine level than be by rudimentary conversation. Though Ludwig Van Beethoven and Paul McCartney may seem completely opposite they have one in common through their music they changed the world’s perception of its self
The Romantic period is chronologically defined by the 19th century. It was an era of great turmoil. With the French Revolution, the American Civil War, the Franco-Prussian War, the Crimean War, the Spanish-American War and various revolutions across Europe, a great sense of upheaval was felt by the bourgeoisie and upper class struggling to maintain their affluent lifestyle during this time period. The revolutionaries who were fighting for their rights and independence felt a great sense of freedom, pride and other intense emotions. These intense emotions helped identify the Romantic period. Characteristics of the Romantic period help define it as a whole, and allow for the overall appreciation for the music ...
Getting it's name from art history, the classic period in music extends from 1740 to 1810 and includes the music of Haydn, Mozart, the first period of Beethoven, and Bach's sons. The classical period of music coordinated harmony, melody, rhythm, and orchestration more effectively then earlier periods of music.
Mozart, Beethoven and Joseph Haydn are considered the three main composers of this time. The Classical Period took place from 1750-1820. During this time, scientific advances changed the world view. People gained faith in the power of reason and began undermining traditional authority. Music and visual arts stress balance and structure. String, woodwind and some keyboard and brass instruments were used in this era. Classical music shows a contrast in mood, both between and within movements. It also shows flexibility in rhythm, by using multiple rhythmic patterns in a piece. Classical music is mostly homophonic, but with frequent shifts. Classical music also has a tuneful, easy to sing melody. Emotions were expressed in shades of dynamics, which was related to the development of piano. In the Classical era, orchestras grew in size (though they’re still smaller than today’s). Instruments worked in four movements: fast (first), slow (second), dance-related (third), and fast (fourth). Public, ticket buying concerts became common and the rise of the music instrument manufacturing industry began. Vienna became a place where musicians came to study and seek recognition. The most common compositional forms during this time were sonatas, concerti, and
The term romantic first appeared at sometime during the latter half of the 18th Century, meaning in quite literal English, "romance-like", usually referring to the character of mythical medieval romances. The first significant jump was in literature, where writing became far more reliant on imagination and the freedom of thought and expression, in around 1750. Subsequent movements then began to follow in Music and Art, where the same kind of imagination and expression began to appear. In this essay I shall be discussing the effect that this movement had on music, the way it developed, and the impact that it had on the future development of western music.
Music and the relationships of music have changed drastically in our society. The course of studies and the evaluations of the applications of the technology of music, the making and the listening of music have changed in the way we listen to music, the styles of music in our society and in the media. The importance of the technology in music today, has, over the past century been charted through the study of musical examples and through viewing how human values are reflected in this century's timely music. There are very many different types of music that are listened to. There are readings, writings, lectures and discussions on all the different types of music.
Introduction The world is changing and so is the style of music. Often people who do not have any musical background might think that classical music is boring and only for more mature audiences. In fact, the sales of traditional Western classical music albums are decreasing and many symphony orchestras and operas are struggling to find endowments and audiences. It is considered that classical music today occupies a position similar to that of religion, as a form of art rather than entertainment or just a background noise (Johnson, 2002). Unlike popular music, classical music may be more sophisticated and complex in its form.
Today, around the world, music creates an impact on our culture and history. Specifically, in the Middle Ages, music was used in such a way, that society grew around it. Many things have changed about this subject, including instruments, vocals, and style, but the impact that still reaches our society today remains the same.
Romantic music was a different form of music that didn’t focus on religion, political or social tendencies. According to Lawrence Kramer the author of the book Why Classical Music Still Matters, “historically, the ideal of romantic love, tended to substitute for broader schemes of political, social, vocational, or religious meaning, as part of an increasing general tendency to rely on private rather that public schemes of fulfillment.” Meaning that romanticism had an impact on music in which religion, political and social meanings were substituted by a new form that rely on private situations instead of general public situations. This music form influenced the most in modern music because most of them are not based on
The characteristics of romantic music are influenced by the Romantic Movement, where the arts of literature and painting play a great role in influencing romantic music. Other evidence of non-musical influences in romantic music is the popularity of romantic poetry during that era. Poems, opera arias and works form great romantic poets are transformed into instrumental works and composers like Schubert uses musical elements such as melodies inspired by poetry in his works (http://absoluteastronomy.com). The musical language itself has shown that romantic music is different from the rest of the music before its time. Extended tonal and harmonic elements are noticed in romantic music compared to those in the classical era, where chromaticism, the usage of dissonance, and modulations are used extensively.
Music Appreciation has broadened my view to listen to different eras of music that I was not accustomed to. It was pleasant listening, reading, and learning about different periods of music. This course has given me an exceptional amount of knowledge on different styles of music, identifying different elements in music as well as learning about legendary composers who have influenced music throughout history. Not only has music been around for decades, it has developed a history of great composers who have left an imprint in history by their extraordinary compositions of music they developed during their times of glory, like Ludwig van Beethoven. In this essay I will discuss how Beethoven is known as one of the greatest, ingenuity composers of his time and how the classical period is so fascinating to listen to and learn about. In addition, I will also discuss how Music Appreciation has reshaped the way I perceive and listen to different styles of music that have been created throughout history.