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Similarities between greek and roman art
Discuss the development of both concrete and the arch in Rome
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The term Roman art immediately calls to mind, classic architecture complete with Doric, Ionic and Corinthian columns along with perfect white busts of the important woman and mostly men from this era. But Roman art incorporated much more. In fact Roman people gave an artistic touch into almost everything that they made including coinage, building walls, sculpture, metal work and jewelry. The bulk of the Roman artistic legacy that we know today was created between 509 BCE and 27 BCE.
The interesting thing about Roman art was that theses artists were quite open to new ideas and influences from different cultures and empires. Early Roman art drew from early Etruscan art. Etruscans were the powerful people from Tuscany, north of Rome. Firm believers
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An example of this would be the Etruscans built life like sculptures on top of their sarcophaguses where Romans constructed the realistic sculpture for the deceased in an honored way portraying them as a young warrior with an elder mind and face.
Romans were skilled with clay sculpting and bronze work; they also had a preference for realistic portraiture. Romans drew heavily from Greek styles but there was one thing that set the two styles apart. Even though Greek art became more realistic as time went on, Greeks overall, preferred their subjects highly idealized. This meant that even with a subject with a double chin or crossed eyes would be represented in his sculpture as beautiful. As a result it was pretty
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By the middle of the first century the first concrete revolution had occurred in Rome. The discovery of concrete construction of arches and domes possible. The most famous architectural elements Ancient Rome is known for: our decorative columns, arched aqueducts, bridges, public baths and expansive domes, the pantheon features one of the most impressive domes in Rome. Hadrian commissioned the Pantheon, to honor all Roman gods. This dome was constructed with concrete and measures 142 feet in diameter. The opening at the center of the dome is called the oculus. The oculus illuminated the marble interior of the Pantheon at the same time directing attention upwards towards the heavens. The Pantheon’s heaviest material is located at the base while the lighter materials were used towards the top of its base and
The Ancient Middle East the Roman time periods brought about many different works of art. The Votive Statue of Gudea, an Ancient Near Eastern work, and the Augustus of Primaporta, a Roman work, are good representations of art from their respective time periods. The two works have many similarities and differences within their formal elements, iconography, and historical significance to the time periods in which they were crafted.
The bulk of the Roman artistic legacy we know today was created between 800 BC and 500 AD. Romans drew heavily from Greek styles, but there is one thing that sets the two civilizations apart quite distinctively. Greek art was created and based on an idealized figure, erasing any imperfections a person might have while Roman artists had a much more realistic outlook and tempered the idealistic Greek influences, and tailored their art into more realistic versions of their subjects, even emphasizing the subject’s unique imperfections while still looking dignified and impressive. Augustus was a very intellectual man and a proficient ruler who knew that art was a great way to communicate with the masses regardless if they were literate or not. More
“The Etruscans were influenced by the Greeks and came to know them literally ‘through’ Rome. They sent skillfully manufactured bronze household utensils down the Tiber through Rome and on to the Greeks in the south in return for Greek vases…” Basically, Rome was the civilization in between the two which could use the route for trade, sharing information / goods, and influencing other civilization. As said in the textbook, Romans did not write and mentioned Roman artists. Instead, they write about skillful Greeks – Polykleitos, Phidias, Praxiteles, Lysippos. “… Roman art is not solely a continuation of Greek art. The Romans were very different the Greeks, and their art is accordingly different in emphasis and focus… They were superb engineers. Their sculpture and painting is realistic, with an emphasis on particulars – specific people, places, and times…” For architecture, the Romans selected Greek orders and was influenced by the Etruscan architecture. “…The Romans made Doric columns taller and slimmer and gave them a base.” The Romans used Composite order and engaged columns in their architecture, in contrast to the Greeks. In comparison, both the Greeks and Romans built their buildings out of the uses of ashlar masonry. For walls, the Romans used “different types of patterned stonework.” And lastly, for temples, the Romans had rectangular temples created in the mid-first century B.C.E. The Etruscans made their temples with “raised platform or podium, the entry on one end only by ascending a flight of stairs, a front porch that takes up about one-third of the whole podium area, and a cella nearly as wide as the
Pantheon and Hagia Sophia Pantheon and Hagia Sophia are two extremely outstanding architectural pieces of their times. They have been built according to the traditions of those particular times. The materials used to built these buildings and the purpose for which they were used are all very important aspects and have been briefly covered in this report. Pantheon The statesman Agrippa built pantheon in 27 B.C. Then it was completely rebuilt by the emperor Hadrian. The Pantheon is remarkable for its size, its construction, and its design. The dome was the largest built until modern times. The present structure was probably originally built as a temple for all the pagan gods. We do hear of it as being a law-court and a reception area for Emperor Hadrian meeting his quests too. Some say that the rotunda of the building was once a Roman bath. Due to all this mystery, the Pantheon is often referred to as the Sphinx of Rome. The visitor will probably not appreciate the construction as much as the Flavian amphitheatre, but it is still a great masterpiece of engineering and well worth a visit. Most Roman and Greek temples at the time of the Pantheon's construction were large, colonnaded, rectangular enclosures with sanctuaries situated in their centers. The Pantheon was different. It consisted of a large circular drum topped with a hemispherical dome. It is a masterpiece of both engineering and art a lasting memory of Ancient Rome’s might. Roman architecture is architecture of wall and enclosed tactile space. Individual column with entablature is no longer the basic architectural unity. Spatially, it shows a development from closed, simple space units and regular articulation to more complex spatial relations, more fluid interpenetrati...
...ed in times of good fortunes, and expansion. While during times of instability the artistic ingenuity would stagnate. Finally at the end of the empire, the art quality would decrease as the empire was deteriorating. This deterioration in art quality would continue for decades until the Renaissance would bring back an art quality on the level of that of ancient Rome under the Antonines. The type of art being created could be used as a very good indicator of what the political scene in Rome looked like at the time.
As one of the greatest structures in Rome, the Pantheon was built between 118 and 128 CE. It is described as the most remarkable ancient building surviving in Rome. After being destroyed and rebuilt twice, it was renamed the “Temple of the Gods”. In 126 AD, the Pantheon was restored to its glory, by the architects who at that time has learned and mastered their craft in concrete construction in the Greek Classical order. They constructed a massive 25 foot thick walls which was to support the huge dome made of concrete to be placed at the top. The dome was the largest ever made of unreinforced concrete at 43.4 meters in diameter (Matthews, Roy and Platt pg. 5).
The Romans have adopted many features from the Greek style of art and architecture during the third and second centuries B.C. During that time period the Romans discovered that they have taking a liking to Greek statues, which they placed in many different places. The Roman sculptors then decided to also start making statues alongside the Greeks. The statues that the Romans created were realistic looking with, sometime, unpleasant details of the body. The Greeks made statues with, what they thought of, ideal appearances in the statues figure. Sculpture was possibly considered the highest form of art by the Romans, but figure painting was very high considered as well. Very little of Roman painting has survived the tests of time.
... middle of paper ... ... The Roman’s continued with a more realistic style with such statues as Aristocrat with Ancestors and Marcus Aurelius. In wall paintings at Pompeii, the artists used great color and realism on the people’s faces.
Greek and Roman sculptures act as milestones throughout the development of art. Both types of sculptures played significant roles socially and politically during their corresponding periods. Although the Greek artists had limited materials, they still created gorgeous sculptures; similarly, the Roman sculptors adapted the techniques from the Greeks in order to create magnificent works for their own purposes.
Roman art was also deeply influenced by the art of the Hellenistic world, which had spread to southern Italy and Sicily through the Greek colonies there. The Etruscans and Babylonians can also be seen as inspirations. “With the founding of the Republic, the term Roman art was virtually synonymous with the art of the city of Rome, which still bore the stamp of its Etruscan art” (Honour and Fleming,1999). During the last two centuries, notably that of Greece, Roman art shook off its dependence on Etruscan art. In the last two centuries before Christ, a distinctive Roman manner of building, sculpting, and painting emerged. Indeed, because of the extraordinary geographical extent of the Roman Empire and the number of diverse populations encompassed within its boundaries, “the art and architecture of the Romans was always eclectic and is characterized by varying styles attributable to differing regional tastes and the...
Each Roman province and city was governed in the same way. The Romans were proud of their unique ability to rule, but they acknowledged Greek leadership in the fields of art, architecture, literature, and philosophy. By the second century B.C., Romans had conquered Greece and had come to greatly admire Greek culture. Educated Romans learned the Greek language. As Horace, a Roman poet, said, “Greece, once overcome, overcame her wild conqueror.” The mixing of elements of Greek, Hellenistic, and Roman culture produced a new culture, called Greco-Roman culture. This is also often called classical civilization. Roman artists, philosophers, and writers did not merely copy their Greek and Hellenistic models. They adapted them for their own purposes and created a style of their own. Roman art and literature came to convey the Roman ideals of strength, permanence, and
The Roman sculptures have a close relation and influence of Greek sculptures. Rome was known for incorporating different aspects of other cultures; the style of clothing, architecture, military techniques, art, etc. to the Roman culture. The Bust of Cicero and Augustus of Prima Porta are examples of unbelievable statuary techniques and style that Rome achieved and improved as their own art.
The Roman sculptures and architectures were greatly influenced by the Greeks and also some effects by the Etruscans. Romans were influenced mostly by Greek art in many ways. It was because the variety of paintings, sculptures, and the different style of early architectures presented in every period of Roman history. They had pasted and copied many art works from the early Greek to build up their empire. Although the Etruscans had contributed and influenced the Roman in some ways such as educated them to build fortifications, bridges, drainage systems, and aqueducts but their underst6anding on both the art and language is still limited to the Greek.
Romans help up the warrior as personification of sanctity, was rewarded bravery, and was taken by mortals and duties. They strongly felt that doing honorable deeds on earth they would earn their place among the Gods in the afterlife they would transcend to Gods’ after death. The architectural style of the Ancient Greeks and Romans was overall constructed that played a foundational role of the history of Western art. The art was made of carving and casting free-standing sculptures and the undertaking of large-scale urban building projects they needed to have skilled to use marble to bronze to concrete.
Even the few sculptor’s names known to us, usually by chance, from the imperial period are Greek names and seem to confirm the assumption that these artists’ work should be regarded simply as a late phase of Greek art” (Hanfmann, 12). The Greeks were the first western culture to figure out how to accurately depict the human form which they did through the use of geometric ratios. It is also widely accepted that it was even Greek artists who first made marble portraits for the Romans as the Romans originally had no skill with the stone. “It was certainly at first Greek artists who were entrusted by eminent Romans with the execution of portraits of themselves and of important personalities in the Roman state, just as it was Greeks who depicted Aemilius Paulus victory at Pydna and later were largely responsible for the portraits of the emperors” (Kahler 16). The Romans mainly used terracotta for their sculptures and it was only when Augustus reigned that the marble quarries at Carrara were opened and marble was used on a large scale. The Romans inherited the use of realistic proportions, the sense of movement (contrapposto), and the overall beauty of Greek sculptures. A great example of Roman sculpture that was clearly carved by a Greek artist who was familiar with the Hellenistic styles of Greece, is the Relief of the Wedding of Amphitrite and Neptune. It “shows a mythological