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Reseach on the physics of rollar coasters
Reseach on the physics of rollar coasters
Reseach on the physics of rollar coasters
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Roller Coasters
Technology VS psychology
It’s clear that roller coasters, while safe, still create fear, and still provoke a ‘fight or flight’ response. This is all in the riders head and is a mixture of both the engineering and psychology of a roller coaster. Roller coasters create thrills through an illusion and the psychology of fear. The sensation of danger and great speed on a modern roller coaster is mainly an illusion. Accidents are rare because of all of the safety devices that have been put in place and continue to be invented. Designers of roller coasters manipulate our deepest fears and play psychological games creating scary rides.
The first ‘roller coaster’ was built in Russia in the 15th century where sleds made of cut lumber sped down ice-covered hills and reached 80km per hour. Some say that this wasn’t a real roller coaster as it didn’t lock cars into a track. However, the activity of these ‘sleds’ was then taken to Paris where small wheels were added to the side of them. Little attention was given to safety but oddly enough the injuries that passengers suffered increased the
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Each individual responds differently to fear and the main physical response is either fight or flight. When someone experiences fear, more likely than not the situation poses no real danger but the person cannot help the reaction. It is the same riding a roller coaster when there is no actual danger but the rider is scared anyway and cannot ignore the sensation of fear. This one basic fear that seems to affect everyone is loss of control. Once the roller coaster leaves the starting position, there is nothing anyone can do but sit and scream. The fear is mainly realizing that you are not in charge and that is very scary for some people. All roller coasters have two universal terrors; fear of falling and fear of heights. The loops, corkscrews and sharp turns come and go but the coaster always has one huge
Ever wondered how roller coasters work? It’s not with an engine! Roller coasters rely on a motorized chain and a series of phenomena to keep them going. Phenomena are situations or facts that have been observed and proven to exist. A few types of phenomena that help rollercoasters are gravity, kinetic and potential energy, and inertia. Gravity pulls roller coasters along the track as they’re going downhill. Potential and kinetic energy help rollercoasters to ascend hills and gain enough momentum to descend them and finish the track. Inertia keeps passengers pressed towards the outside of a loop-the-loop and in their seat. Gravity, potential and kinetic energy, and inertia are three types of phenomena that can be observed by watching roller
the length of the slope can be used to calculate the speed of the car
It was the summer of 2012 and my family was taking another trip to Six Flags Great America. Earlier that summer we went just for me to be disappointed. At the time I wasn’t 54 inches yet and couldn’t ride any of the rides that I wanted to because they were the most popular at the amusement park. But, I hit a growth spurt between trips and we planned to ride all of the big rollercoasters. The one that I was most terrified of at the time was Raging Bull, one of the tallest, fastest, and longest steel coasters in the US. As we started to wait in line for the ride I was shaking with both anticipation and fear and began to rethink my idea to ride the rollercoaster. I decided to stay in line and see what many people thought was a great coaster.
and are designed out of different materials like wood and steel. Although roller coasters are fun and exciting, the questions, what allows them to twist and turn, go up and down hills at a fairly good speed? Why do they not fall off of the track when it goes through a loop? The answer to these questions and others about roller coasters lies in the application of basic physics principals. These principals include potential and kinetic energy, gravity, velocity, projectile motion, centripetal acceleration, friction, and inertia.
Every year an estimated 290 million people all over the world flock to amusement and theme parks to experience the thrills and excitement of the modern day roller coaster. (Boldurian 16). Now thousands of people a day can safely experience the G-forces that an astronaut or fighter pilot would experience in flight. "The Revolution" a roller coaster at Six Flags Magic Mountain in Valencia California gives riders an amazing 4.9 Gs; that is 1.5 more than an astronaut at launch. (Boldurian 16). These G-forces create thrills and fear and excitement in all who ride them. But the truth is that there is no reason to fear. Roller Coasters are exceptionally safe. The mortality rate for roller coasters is one in 90 million, and most of the fatality occurred due to failure to follow safety guidelines. (Boldurian 17). But roller coasters have not always been this safe. One of the first coaster attractions was actually just a mine rail designed to bring coal to the base of the mountain (Lemelson-MIT Program). The attraction was a thirty minute ride, with speeds of more than one-hundred miles per hour. As time went on entrepreneurs in the late 1800's began creating “quick buck cheap thrill attractions.” These early coasters lacked safety for the sake of thrills. This changed when John A. Miller engineer and roller coaster designer began making coasters. John Miller held over 100 patents many of which were for roller coaster safety and functionality that are still used today (Lemelson-MIT Program). John Miller's inventions and improvements to the roller coaster make him the father of the modern roller coaster that we know today.
“Even though roller coasters propel you through the air, shoot you through tunnels, and zip you down and around many hills and loops, they are quite safe and can prove to be a great way to get scared, feel that sinking feeling in your stomach, and still come out of it wanting to do it all over again (1).” Thanks to the manipulation of gravitational and centripetal forces humans have created one of the most exhilarating attractions. Even though new roller coasters are created continuously in the hope to create breathtaking and terrifying thrills, the fundamental principles of physics remain the same. A roller coaster consists of connected cars that move on tracks due to gravity and momentum. Believe it or not, an engine is not required for most of the ride. The only power source needed is used to get to the top first hill in order to obtain a powerful launch. Physics plays a huge part in the function of roller coasters. Gravity, potential and kinetic energy, centripetal forces, conservation of energy, friction, and acceleration are some of the concepts included.
With the opening of America’s first roller coaster in 1873, a new innovative market was introduced into the American industrial market. With it came a new set of challenges that pushed the limits of the engineering methods used at the time. Oddly enough though, America’s safest roller coaster ever built was also the simplest; the Mauch Chunk Railway was originally used to bring coal down the mountainside of a Pennsylvania mine. The now unused 2,322 feet of track was re-opened a few months later for the purpose of carrying passengers down the side of the mountain. The rail cars used did not have brakes or an engine; they simply used the force of gravity to take the train and its passengers, sometimes at speeds upwards of 60 miles per hour, down the side of the mountain until it came to a rest at the bottom. “The railway offered spectacular views of the Lehigh River and the Blue Ridge Mountains for the region's visitors to see. The area became a large Nineteenth Century tourist attraction and people came from all over to be thrilled by the M.C.R.” (Sandy). Throughout the ride’s 56-year span of passenger operation, not a single injury was reported. Since the ever-simplistic entertainment methods of the 1920’s, our industrial capabilities have grown in geometric proportions; however the one problem is they have been severely lagged by the safety and control systems that govern them. Recently, however, advancements in computer technology have yielded a drastic improvement in these control systems that have allowed ride designers to design increasingly safer and more reliable ride systems.
There is an immense amount of rides in Walt Disney World. Some of the most famous rides are The Twilight Zone Tower of Terror, Space Mountain, and the Rock 'n' Rollercoaster starring Aerosmith. Also known as The Tower of Terror, this incredibly detailed attraction takes people very high up so they can see out the window for just a second, until it drops them to what seems like their doom. This is done repeatedly, until the ride comes to stop. Another thrilling ride is Space Mountain. On this mostly pitch black journey, riders are pulled into action in ups and downs. Another exhilarating
People can be very wild when it comes to amusement parks and their widespread excitement. Although if you think about it, roller coasters and amusement parks are one of many examples of how physics is used. To make an amazing and exciting amusement park, workers have to use their physical knowledge to bring out the best of their out of each of their rides. After all, the roller coaster excitement about riding a roller coaster is not about their high speed. What makes a roller coaster excited is mostly due to their acceleration and the feeling of weightlessness.
A roller coaster is an amusement park attraction that consists of a light railroad track with many tight turns and steep slopes, on which people ride in small fast open cars. The Russians created slides out of ice. The slides would go up to 70 and 80 feet tall and there were drops of 50 feet ("Amusement Park Physics -- Roller Coaster”). People traveled down the slide and would land into huge sand piles. They first appeared during the 17th century. Slides grew favor with the Russian upper class.
In conclusion, since the earliest versions of roller coasters sprang up in the 16th century they have been a staple of thrill and amusement for people of all ages. But, like anything else on this Earth, they are governed by a simple yet complex set of physics principles and concepts including kinetic and potential energy, g-forces,
Although when I was younger, I was terrified of heights. On July 6th, my family decided to go to Magic Springs. Magic Springs is filled with many torturous rides. Roller coasters are one thing I have feared all my life.
I have this fear that causes my body to shake. When I think about it, my skin becomes pale and cold. It’s death speeding through my mind. Once I have seen these monstrous roller coasters, the only thing in my mind was fear. Knowing that I’m afraid to go on these rides, I didn’t want to look like a fool in front of my friends. My mind is thinking of deadly thoughts. My palms were sweaty and I was twitching like a fish. I was petrified of heights.
I have always been fascinated by carnival rides. It amazes me that average, ordinary people eagerly trade in the serenity of the ground for the chance to be tossed through the air like vegetables in a food processor. It amazes me that at some time in history someone thought that people would enjoy this, and that person invented what must have been the first of these terrifying machines. For me, it is precisely the thrill and excitement of having survived the ride that keeps me coming back for more.
Amusement parks are by far one of the most thrilling places on earth. As you wait in a long line to get in park, you can hear numerous kids, adults, and tourist shouting off the top of their lungs due to a tremendous jaw-dropping drop on their beloved roller coasters.