Role Of Dna In Criminal Investigation

Abstract

Crime continues to be a serious problem in society, in advance in technology have created new criminal opportunities and new challenges for law enforcement, those in history and today that are involved in the investigation of crime, play a critical role in both combating crime and protecting citizens. DNA profiling is a technique by which an individual can be identified at molecular level. The use of DNA evidence in criminal investigation has grown since 1884 when it was created by Dr. Alec Jeffrey’s. DNA testing has help law enforcement identify criminals and some difficult crimes such as: Rape, murder, etc. this paper seeks to summarize the major development in the history of efforts to identify criminals. This paper examines DNA

and fingerprinting and its use during criminal investigations and in criminal proceedings, including criminal trials, appeals, and post conviction proceedings. It describes the main benefits and costs of the increasing role of DNA and fingerprint identification in the criminal justice system.

Introduction
In 1985, a professor Alec Jeffrey’s was able to validate the uniqueness of personalized DNA material in each person’s skin, body fluids, blood, nails, and hair. Geneticists Dr. Alec Jeffrey’s first identified family groups in biological material. Then his discoveries lead to the use of DNA to solve crimes where little evidence remains. In DNA analysis for criminal investigation, using highly sophisticated scientific equipment, first a DNA molecule from the suspect disassembled, and selected segments are isolated and measured. Then the suspects DNA profile is compared with one derived from a sample physical evidence ( any material object that plays some actual role in the matter that gave rise to the litigation, introduced in a trial, intended to prove a fact and issue based on the objects demonstrable physical characteristics) to see whether the two match. If a match occurs, statistical analysis is performed to determine the probability that the sample of physical evidence came from another person with the same DNA profile as the suspect. DNA fingerprinting is an intense new measurable advance that numerous contend is the best instrument ever. In any case, as is regularly the case for new innovations, its acknowledgment by society was not direct. This task researches this innovation depicting how it is done, its uses, and its indirect way of recognition in the court.