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Science & technology history
The rise of technological advancement
Science & technology history
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With the development of technology in the world, people are faced with many things they never saw and knew before. In this modern life, technology has affected a lot in people’s lives in many levels. Robot is considered as an important product of technology. Robot was introduced by a writer, Karel Čapek, from the Czech word, robota, meaning “forced labor” or “serf”. Čapek used the word Robot in his play, R.U.R. (Rossum's Universal Robots) which opened in Prague in January, 1921, a play in which automata are mass-produced by an Englishman named Rossum. The automata, robots, are meant to do the world’s work and to make a better life for human beings; but in the end they rebel, wipe out humanity, and start a new race of intelligent life for …show more content…
Thus, they create more innovations toward robots to fulfill the demand from the industries and people. As in the future, there will be robots that are as intelligent and powerful as humans, even more than mankind. It is unclear whether there would be place for humans, even for skilled people, in a world containing very intelligent machines. The best example would be humanoid robots. A humanoid robot has a head equipped with some of the sensors in human head, such as vision or audition, added with anthropomorphic appearance (resembling an upright human body), sometimes with artificial muscles and humanlike legs and arms. It has mobility, using legs or wheels. It also has some cognitive ability, enabling it to process information received from the sensors and has ability to interact with humans. Humanoids can have ability to express emotions and to respond to human emotions, robots that have this ability are termed as anthropopathic (Bekey, 2005). Humanoids can do things that even people are unable to do. Humanoid can be used to help people, especially elderly people and children. Besides, it can be used for education, entertainment or house works. But what would be people’s reaction when they know they can have the twin of them? Yes, it is happening now. Just take the example of the robotic twin of Zou Ren Ti, Chinese Researcher or the twin of Japanese professor, Hiroshi Ishiguro. The robots have the same characteristic as their human twin and have a full body sensory array (Grogan, 2013). Many scientists are developing this kind of robots nowadays. But when it comes to a point where people cannot differentiate between the real human and his/her robotic twin, can people still be happy and proud about it? Or until people treat robots and other technology products the same way as they treat human. Despite the advantages from the development of technology,
In her article “Alone Together: The Robotic Movement,” Sherry Turkle describes how our current generation has transformed due to technology advancement, especially with robots. Inventions of robots have become familiar in almost all countries, particularly in japan she explains how technology has changed the basic human interaction to conversations in electronic devices.
A robot must obey orders given it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
Margaret herself saw robots until the early ‘70s, which was only a robotic arm and hand. And people never thought that these golems would widely serve in people’s daily life. Robots have so many advantages and can help people do something hazardous.However, the robots also have their hidden downsides, like men and women may fall in love with this artificial technology and think to the edge, what about the human nature? Remote sex? Remote kiss? “That’s one of the questions our robots — both real and fictional — have always prompted us to think
In contrast, with the previous three articles which embody the development of robots as a useful tool for human growth, Headrick focus on the ethic and legal conflicts that will arise with the growth of robots. The creation of artificial intelligence in human lives will bring many unique situations. Headrick begins his article with an analogy of a driverless car in a parking lot. The car is programmed to go straight so it may not see certain things and react as quickly or effectively, to insure no lives are harmed. If a human were behind the wheel these situation would be unlikely to occur. With the spread of autonomous systems is it really beneficial to put the safety of humans in the hands of robots. Will our laziness to make our lives easier with lifeless objects jeopardized our existence. Headrick uses multiple Headrick points out real life situations where robots have jeopardized human livelihood. “The more we task robotics to act on our behalf," "one of the first questions is, 'who is responsible' in the moment of truth.… we don't have an answer for that yet” (Headrick 1). Who do we blame when the robots don’t function correct? Headrick provokes humans to think in an effective manner towards the growth of automated
A few decades ago, the dream of nearly every American was to one day own a car. In present age, this dream has become a reality for the majority of the population. A 2001 report released by the Energy Information Administration showed that on average America alone has approximately 1.79 cars per household ("Household vehicles energy," 2005).With all of the luxuries and technologies that are made available for Americans, the United States has proven that they are one of the most advanced nations in the world. Now ask yourself: What would America be like without the advanced technology that it has today? Culture and life would be much more different and complicated for nearly every human being. In addition, some of today’s most important jobs wouldn‘t exist. Obviously, at one point in history this was the case and construction of every sort was carried out with hand tools and nothing else. This all changed during the Industrial Age when human-operated machines helped replace the handwork of craftspeople. Today this is known as mechanization. It was not until the nineteenth century that Americans took it a step further and automation was born. Automation is automatic operation and control of machinery that can carry out decisions without human intervention (Plotkin, 2009). As it is to expect, automation has its conveniences and its downfalls. This form of manufacturing can result in employment problems for society because human labor is not required. However, with the replacement of human workers by technology, higher quality products can be made at a cheaper cost ("Automation," 2010). Therefore, when balancing the positive and negative factors of automation, it is clear to see that it has a beneficial impact on American society.
Artificial Intelligence, also known as AI, allows a machine to function as if the machine has the capability to think like a human. While we are not expecting any hovering cars anytime soon, artificial intelligence is projected to have a major impact on the labor force and will likely replace about half the workforce in the United States in the decades to come. The research in artificial intelligence is advancing rapidly at an unstoppable rate. So while many people feel threatened by the possibility of a robot taking over their job, computer scientists actually propose that robots would benefit a country’s efficiency of production, allowing individuals to reap the benefits of the robots. For the advantage of all, researchers and analysts have begun to mend the past ideas of human-robot interaction. They have pulled inspiration from literary works of Isaac Asimov whom many saw as the first roboticist ahead of his time, and have also gotten ideas of scholarly research done by expert analysts. These efforts have began to create an idea of a work force where humans and robots work together in harmony, on a daily basis.
Robots are made to run without flaws and can outperform the average worker. This is because there are fewer employees working that need to get paid. This is not a good thing as it might seem. In China, robots almost completely replace human workers to save money.
The Robotics Industry Association defines a robot as ?a reprogrammable, multifunctional manipulator designed to move material, parts, tools, or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks? (Zalda 8). In short, a robot is a machine that is programmed to perform a variety of tasks in place of humans.
Scientific progress makes huge milestones toward developing new advanced technologies which are more and more present in human lives. Today robots replace people in many spheres such as health care, security and military, industry, education, entertainment and science. Role of robots becomes more significant because they are able to do the job which people are not able to perform well. Sometimes people are too lazy to do some routine work, due to such situation those tasks could be delegated to machines. People’s life become more technology based what makes demand for efficient robots larger. Engineers say that today robots look like machines, but in near future robots will have more human appearance, today they do some simple job, but in near future much more complicated tasks would be trusted to them. History of robotics goes far to the history when the ancient Greeks describes first devices that people were projected to fly to the sky like birds. In fact, heart of any robot is some program that direct the device and control it actions. Robot cannot perform the tasks that was not programmed in it and this if the factor what makes it quite limited in its actions. Current studies in robotics are aimed to remove those disadvantages and make robots more functional and universal through development of artificial intelligence that can operate independently. Curiosity of world community to robotics increase every day what make all the research and inventions in robotics more demanded. History of robots, resent achievement and future perspectives of robotics have to be studies and researched to understand what machines can give to humanity and what pros and cons exist in the r...
Some would say the attempt to make a robot is an attempt to 'play god' and to recreate man. Others would argue that robots might become so intelligent that they would take over and replace humans. There is no better example of this than the movie Terminator, which begins with a world ruled by machines who are trying to kill the remaining human population. The actual field of robotics however, has produced many products which we take for granted. The clock is a household item that was developed in the beginning stages of machine ...
In making this comment, Kelly urges us to not worry too much because although technology has its greatness, we are still the ones that are assigning tasks and jobs for them. He argues that over time, the robots and machines will take over many unimaginable jobs, but he is incredibly hopeful that the course of movement will bring about the success in productivity. Kelly states, “this is not a race against the machines…this is a race with the machines” (p. 311). Kelly’s point is that we should
When people think of robots, an image of a mechanical, stiff, talking, moving, human-like machine might come to mind. Robots are, in fact, computerized machines that are ultimately utilized to simplify larger scale tasks. They include control machines, computer controllers, or microprocessor based automated systems just to name a few. The ultimate goal of industrial engineering is to expedite processes; therefore, with such developed and modern technology, the manufacturing process is more efficient, cost effective, and there is almost no human error. With all its benefits the automation and robotics movement has made way for new fetes and greater prospects in economic terms for large-scale firms.
In today's society, robots come in different types and qualities, and robots’ use was mainly in the laboratories and factories; however, that has drastically changed where their uses are changing at a high speed. In addition to that, they have spread throughout the world. The main function of robots is to replace the work that people used to do, or perform tasks that man cannot. A robot is a mechanical or virtual device that uses a computer program, or electronic circuitry, to carry out its functions. In modern science, robotics refers to the study of robots is robotics, which deals with designing, constructing, operating, and using robots and computer systems for controlling and processing information and providing feedbacks. However, as much as robots replace human labor, individuals or organizations can use them in dangerous environments that might be harmful and beneficial to humans. Therefore, to understand the logic behind the creation of robots, one should learn the pros and cons of robotics, in the current society. This is because people are using this technology without having a deep understanding of its effects. However, an objective evaluation of the use of robots, in the modern society, shows that they have a positive influence on human beings, but if the robots were overused, it could lead to a negative side. which shows why human beings should use robots wisely that will result an improvement to their societies and own lives. Robots have become interactive equipment whereby they have become part of human life. In this regard, people use them directly or indirectly to enhance the quality of their lives. However, Sharkey argues that there are ethical issues that arise because of using robots to enhance hu...
Machine learning and automation has played a large role in the ever changing labor market with new industries gaining momentum and old industries becoming obsolete. With the increasing amount of research and improvements in automation, feelings of anxiety and disdain towards automation have become normal for workers. Jobs are lost to machines due to the convenience and efficiency that machines offer, however, not all types of jobs are replaced. In a study done by a professor of economics at MIT, David Autor, the impact of automation has actually shown to complement labor by increasing the demand for other jobs that require the use of a computer (Autor). The common anxiety and fear of total job loss is a clear misconception;
Robots are one of the artificial intelligence that made a breakthrough across all fields of life. In consequence, many research studies and projects regarding robots took place in the last decade. In addition, robots in the society could be one of the essential machines, due to their multitask system which could adjusted to any kind of performance. In general society could use these machines to fill manpower gap in short time with less cost. Therefore, robots can have huge positive effects on different fields of life such as emergency situations, daily chores, and manufacturing industry.