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Morality in literature
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The short story, “Revised Endings” by Jan Burke, follows a detective fiction author as she argues with her new editor on the best way to end her new novel. “Revised Endings” works to compare and contrast the difference between murder in the fictional world and in the real world. It also speaks on the morality of the characters who commit or consider committing murder.
The protagonist, Harriet Bently was the author of a series of detective fiction novels. In the novels that she wrote, Harriet’s main character, Lord Harold Wiggins, believed that when he killed, it was moral because he was murdering someone who committed a terrible crime. “His trademark was to effect justice without costing the English taxpayers farthing for an imprisonment
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or a trial; once Lord Wiggins knew who the guilty party was, he cleverly killed the villain” (200). Looking at this quote, it almost seems justifiable that Wiggins is killing people. The writing has a sense of emotion in it. Harriet, as the author of the series of novels, wants the reader to know Lord Wiggins is killing, not because he is a psychopath, but because he believes he is doing the best for his community: taking a criminal off of the streets, and saving the taxpayers money. Lord Wiggins, as the main character, is considered a good person, even though he has murdered. This is because Lord Wiggins has a sense of morality. Morality is simply knowing the difference between right and wrong, and choosing to do the right thing. From what is written about the character of Lord Wiggins, he knows the difference, and he believes that the right thing is to get rid of the bad people. Throughout the course of this story, Harriet argued with her editor, Kitty Craig, over how best to kill off a character at the end of the novel.
Kitty made Harriet rewrite the ending of her novel five times, and when she told Harriet to rewrite, she did so using scathing remarks and nasty comments. Because Harriet was so frustrated, she decided that she was going to kill Kitty at an awards banquet that was coming up in New York. Harriet planned this real life murder in the same way that she planned the murders in her novels: through research. “Harriet became quite delighted at the prospect. She did not doubt that she would be able to kill. After all, she had already murdered over thirty characters. Among those thirty characters were a great many individuals she liked better than Kitty Craig” (202). When she first decides to kill Kitty, Harriet is delighted by the prospect. She even compares it to her writing, when Lord Wiggins murders. However, it seems as though Harriet does not realize that killing a person in real life is much different than writing off a character in a book. Is Harriet a moral character if she is planning a murder? Can she be? Throughout this story, Harriet is able to question her morals. Harriet was prepared emotionally and physically for the murder by the time she landed in New York. However, when she witnessed a woman get hit by a car and die, she changed her mind. When she saw death up close, she realized how permanent it is, and because of her morals, she realizes that she wouldn’t be able to follow through with her plan of taking Kitty’s
life. Morality, the difference between right and wrong, can vary depending on who the person is, and what the situation is. In Harriet’s novels, Lord Harold Wiggins believed himself to be moral because of the reasoning behind his killing. He does not kill because he enjoys it, but rather because he believes it to be the moral thing to do. On the other hand, Harriet’s morals shift. At the beginning of the story, she plans a murder because she does not like her new editor. However, the reader can see her morals shift when she sees a dead body and realizes what death and killing is actually like. Harriet is a moral person for the sole purpose that she realized that what she was planning was wrong, and she didn’t go through with it.
Both “Full Circle” and “The Most Dangerous Game” have many differences with how the murder is presented in the story, but both also have many similarities. In the short story “The Most Dangerous Game” the murder was done for fun and sport, General Zaroff killed his victims to fulfill a hunting sensation. But in the short story “Full Circle”, the murder was done out of jealousy, because the Terry was rejected. Throughout my paper I hope to show the similarities and differences of the murder cases within the two stories.
In "Killings"by Andre Dubus and In the Bedroom, directed by Todd Field, the author and director decided to go different directions with the beginning of the story, keeping the plot of the story almost identical. However, beginning the story differently impacted both works in completely different aspects. Dubus begins the story at the funeral of Frank which leads the reader to draw conclusions about what happened before Frank's funeral, while Field’s gives more background to viewer which allows the reader to make more connections. Dubus begins the story at Frank’s funeral which leads the reader to become confused throughout the story. As the reader reads through the story, they have to be able to connect the dots to understand what is happening. While in the movie, Field’s begins with the backstory leading up to Frank’s death which makes it easier for the viewer to understand what is happening. The difference between the two stories impacts how the reader and viewer are able to interpret the story.
In the story, “The Killing Game”, Joy Williams, uses several diffenent types of writing skills to presuade the reader to see her views.
This examination will look at the short story “Killings” by Andre Dubus and the main characters in the story. The story begins on a warm August day with the burial of Matt and Ruth Fowler’s youngest son Frank. Frank’s age: “twenty-one years, eight months, and four days” (Dubus 107). Attending the funeral were Matt, his wife Ruth, their adult children and spouses. Matt’s family is extremely distraught over the murder of their youngest son/brother, in their own way. There are implications of wanting to kill Richard Strout, the guy accused of being the murderer: “I should kill him” (107), as stated after the service. This comment is considered a fore-shadowing of what is to come in the thought progression of Matt and Ruth.
“Killings", written by Andre Dubus in 1979, involves several aspects such as revenge, morality, and murder. Elements, such as the story’s title, the order of events, and the development of the characters, are very unique. It successfully evokes emotion and suspense as the plot unfolds in sequence. Though it seems easily overlooked, the title “Killings” is very important due to the fact that the thrill of suspense is left in the mind of the reader. The title encourages readers to question who and what. It is also an intricate setting for the plot’s mood. It implies that a murder has taken place, but that is all the reader knows. The chronology of the story uses a style called "in media res”, a term used to describe the common strategy of beginning a story in the middle of the action or entering on the verge of some important moment (Meyer 2198). In this story, the readers are shown that murder not only takes a life, but it can also take away a living persons sense of self worth, their spirit.
Murder at the Margin is a murder mystery involving various economic concepts. The story takes place in Cinnamon Bay Plantation on the Virgin Island of St. John. It is about Professor Henry Spearman, an economist from Harvard. Spearman organizes an investigation of his own using economic laws to solve the case.
The Murderers Are Among Us, directed by Wolfe Gang Staudte, is the first postwar film. The film takes place in Berlin right after the war. Susan Wallner, a young women who has returned from a concentration camp, goes to her old apartment to find Hans Mertens living there. Hans took up there after returning home from war and finding out his house was destroyed. Hans would not leave, even after Susan returned home. Later on in the film we find out Hans was a former surgeon but can no longer deal with human suffering because of his traumatic experience in war. We find out about this traumatic experience when Ferdinand Bruckner comes into the film. Bruckner, Hans’ former captain, was responsible for killing hundreds
Is it justifiable to inflict the death penalty on individuals who have committed murder? As majority would have it, yes. There are many arguments in favor of capital punishment. Some of these include taking a murderer out of this world once and for all, and saving money that would be spent on them if they were given a life sentence, as well as the majority rule of citizens of the United States wishing it to stay. In Truman Capote’s nonfiction novel, In Cold Blood, Dick and Perry were assigned the death penalty for the cruel murders of four members of the Clutter family in a small town in Kansas. Not only did this pair of men deserve what they got, but it is also better for the state that they were executed.
The sentencing of underage criminals has remained a logistical and moral issue in the world for a very long time. The issue is brought to our perspective in the documentary Making a Murderer and the audio podcast Serial. When trying to overcome this issue, we ask ourselves, “When should juveniles receive life sentences?” or “Should young inmates be housed with adults?” or “Was the Supreme Court right to make it illegal to sentence a minor to death?”. There are multiple answers to these questions, and it’s necessary to either take a moral or logical approach to the problem.
...vidence of showing mens rea. The terms mens rea means guilty act, and if there is no proof to show that mens rea is displayed in this case, then the arrest should not continue. Neither of the men committed a guilty act of murder. Vaillancourt was not found guilty and the court decided that the accused was not liable for the death of the victim. Only conviction that should have been made was break and enter for both men. No murder was intended.
On December 18th 2015 Netflix aired with great popularity a 10 part documentary series called “making a Murderer” The documentary, written by Laura Ricciardi and Moira Demo, present the case of Steven Avery; a convicted murderer exonerated on DNA evidence after serving 18 years for the assault and attempted murder of Penny Beerntsen. The writers present the series in a way that suggest that Avery was framed by the Manitowoc Country police department. and present that the police planted evidence to frame Steven Avery because he had been exonerated from the previous crime. The ethical problem with this as is presented by Kathryn Schulz in The New Yorker, is that the documentary argues their case so passionately that they leave out important
When watching the news or the latest episode of Law & Order or criminal minds, you have probably heard the terms of first-degree murder, felony murder, second-degree murder and manslaughter among many others. What are the differences between the types of homicides? For my paper I am going to talk about first-degree murder, felony murder, and manslaughter and they are labeled.
A murder mystery is a type of closed text or resolved suspense that follows a structure. The characters are following a plot structure, the evidence is following a reveal structure, and that will lead to a resolution. “In closed texts, the murder is found, the mystery resolved, the ghost exposed as a mechanical illusion, or the lovers are able to consummate their love” (Bennett 197). Almost all murder mysteries are considered closed texts because of the structure that the texts tend to follow. The novel has a victim that has been murdered. The victim has many possible murderers for many possible reasons—all equally valid, so it seems. The victim has a person trying to solve the case. Through various means of detection, the murderer is sought and found. So, the question of “Who done it?” is answered by a human character usually—I am sure that animals have played the part of detective before. The murder mystery is closed, the victim has a murderer; the murderer is caught, the world can return to normal. This concept is the typical ideal of a closed text.
According to the English crime writer P.D. James (1920-) “for a book to be described as detective fiction there must be a central mystery and one that by the end of the book is solved satisfactorily and logically, not by good luck or intuition, but by intelligent deduction from clues honestly if deceptively presented.” (James. 2009: 16). This is traditionally conducted via a detective; a figure deployed within the narrative structure ‘whose occupation is to investigate crimes’ (Oxford. 2006: 202). Therefore detective fiction represents an enigma, a puzzle to be solved through an intriguing series of events and clues presented by the writer to its audience; that are taken on a journey through a process of reasoning, elimination and conclusion to solve a mystery. The narrative formula allows the audience to engage on an exploration of self-discovery as “the mystery’s solution supplies a temporary sense of self through which the reader is offered an apparatus for negotiating the boundaries that define identity.” (McCracken. 1998: 50).
Michael Sanders, a Professor at Harvard University, gave a lecture titled “Justice: What’s The Right Thing To Do? The Moral Side of Murder” to nearly a thousand student’s in attendance. The lecture touched on two contrasting philosophies of morality. The first philosophy of morality discussed in the lecture is called Consequentialism. This is the view that "the consequences of one 's conduct are the ultimate basis for any judgment about the rightness or wrongness of that conduct.” (Consequentialism) This type of moral thinking became known as utilitarianism and was formulated by Jeremy Bentham who basically argues that the most moral thing to do is to bring the greatest amount of happiness to the greatest number of people possible.