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Utilitarianism absolutism
Utilitarianism absolutism
Utilitarianism absolutism
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Thesis Statement: This paper intends to discuss that morality should not be the basis of creating laws in the Philippines because it is bias on religion, it is against individual choices and it leads to discrimination
INTRO
(1.1) The reliance of laws to religion could be traced back to the ancient period. The mentality of the ancient romans in particular is quite the same with the mentality of the modern Filipinos. They follow the mentality set by their religion because of the fear of the consequences of the afterlife (Edwords, 1985). Hence, not much has changed with how laws are created. Certain house bills slowly progress because of cult mentality which affects laws. For instance, it took ten years before the RH-law has been passed because of the endless arguments that the religious groups has voiced out (RHbill ORG, n.d.). Laws should adapt to the change of the modern era; it should not base its heart on religion, rather, to true equality.
(1.2) There are bills such as the Divorce Bill that have not been approved because of issues on morality. One of the reasons is that most people look at the ethical part of the doing of a person rather than their reasons. People may judge the couple’s virtues and morality before knowing the reason of their separation. Another is that an authority like the Church, from the Catholic religion who dominates a large percentage of the Philippines, will not confirm the Divorce Bill because it is against their teachings. It would be wrong for them, as well as the Catholic religion, to separate a couple who vowed, and was united at the church during their marriage. This is perhaps the reason behind using the bible as a basis for the said morality, since the bible provid...
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...lieves in one’s free will. How is an individual able to do what he or she wants freely if judgements and punishments are awaiting him or her when the act to be done is bad? Clearly, free will is not noticed in those situations.
Aside from those, people have different perspectives. Ethical relativism claims that people from different cultures follow different standards of right and wrong; that everyone differs from following a specific branch of ethics. A person’s action is dependent upon the society where he or she is at; it varies from a culture to another (Timbreza, 2008 in Velasco, 2013).
Hence, morality as a foundation of laws does not equate to equality because it is bias . Similar to what is explained in 4.0, the inequality of same sex marriage is the aftermath of the individual need to follow societal norm on religion that leads to discrimination.
laws is to keep the bad things out from the old society out such as
... I have already mentioned above, Algos comprise the least part of the population of the Republic of Jarth, so there is a great chance that even in the Parliament their quantity will be less represented in comparison with the other ethnic groups. We are also aware that the party in which the members of the Algo will most likely support will not be able to convince the rest to introduce the law in the form we desire for it to be. For that reason, it is why it will be better for Algos if the law could be reviewed by the judges (maybe even become a subject to change) and not be introduced without doubt, like it always happens under parliamentary sovereignty.
Laws are structured and implemented to benefit the masses. Unfortunately this objective is not always achieved. The constitution of the states is considered the best work of law yet it is unable to save the life of a child. Clearly the problem of violence is turning more into a socio-cultural and psychological problem than a legal one. However laws still need to be implemented justly in order to preserve the freedom and rights of me...
In every society around the world, the law is affecting everyone since it shapes the behavior and sense of right and wrong for every citizen in society. Laws are meant to control a society’s behavior by outlining the accepted forms of conduct. The law is designed as a neutral aspect existent to solve society’s problems, a system specially designed to provide people with peace and order. The legal system runs more efficiently when people understand the laws they are intended to follow along with their legal rights and responsibilities.
Since no one culture is the same as another culture, how can our ethical views be the same? They can’t. A Greek historian of the 5th century named Herodotus, advances this observation “when he observed that different societies have different customs and that each person thinks his own society’ customs are best. But no set of social customs, is really better or worse than any other” (Rachels, 2015). Herodotus also went on to say that, there is no such thing as what is really right or wrong apart from our social codes. Social codes are all that exist and are different from culture to culture, they are the rights and wrongs for that culture. “Each society develops standards that are used by people within it to distinguish acceptable from unacceptable behavior, and every judgment of right and wrong presupposes one or another of these standards. For example, if your society believes in arranged marriage, then arrange marriage is right for “your society”; and if that practice is wrong within my society than the arrange marriage practice is wrong for my society. Another argument that supports the ethical relativism can be read by a Scottish philosopher Davis Hume. David
NeJaime, Douglas. "Marriage Inequality: Same-Sex Relationships, Religious Exemptions, and The Production of Sexual Orientation Discrimination." California Law Review100.5 (Oct2012): 1169-1238. Academic Search Complete. Web. 31 Oct. 2013.
Everyone has heard about various religious issues in the news at one point or another. With all the controversy surrounding these issues, and whether or not they are constitutional, it seems that people are no longer able to settle things without the help of court systems. Whether it is a matter of parents' actions toward their children or a matter of people claiming that certain rights have been violated, it appears that people are almost using religion as a shield to hide their wrongdoing behind. "Pasting the name 'religion' on harmful behavior does not make it religious exercise protected by our First Amendment," (Thollander). Therefore, the legal system should be allowed to interfere with religious issues only if they infringe upon a state or federal law, or if they violate the rights of another person.
The main argument that circles natural law and positive law is whether or not morality can be distinguished from law, and if it can is it then justifiable to criminalize those who are...
In explaining Cultural Relativism, it is useful to compare and contrast it with Ethical Relativism. Cultural Relativism is a theory about morality focused on the concept that matters of custom and ethics are not universal in nature but rather are culture specific. Each culture evolves its own unique moral code, separate and apart from any other. Ethical Relativism is also a theory of morality with a view of ethics similarly engaged in understanding how morality comes to be culturally defined. However, the formulation is quite different in that from a wide range of human habits, individual opinions drive the culture toward distinguishing normal “good” habits from abnormal “bad” habits. The takeaway is that both theories share the guiding principle that morality is bounded by culture or society.
According to philosophers, there are four types of law that guide morality and behavior for humans. Eternal, divine, natural and civil laws all contribute to the quality of life for mankind, but these laws often get confused with each other. This paper will examine two instances of a clash between the civil laws of government and divine laws of religious conviction.
Religion plays a lot of roles in many different cultures. Most things are religion based like in the United States. We are based off Christianity in many different things. In East and Southeast Asia, religion had a big role in shaping the modern history.
Law is rationalized with evidence, cannot be used to manipulate a nation, protects and ensures the safety of the people, and is parallel with universal human morals. Although religion serves many purposes, it can neither serve nor be the things law encompasses; religious beliefs cannot come above the laws of a country because of their ambiguity and tendency to be manipulated.
In conclusion it is clear there is a relationship between law and morality and there will always be a debate on the extent to which morals effect laws and how laws influence the morals of society. Morals and laws constantly change with political, economical, and social influences and will therefore always have the opportunity to be affected by each other but the extent of which cannot be predicted.
Ethical relativism is can be defined as the belief that nothing is objectively right or wrong and that the definition of right or wrong depends on the prevailing view of a particular individual, culture, or historical period. There are two types of ethical relativism: cultural relativism as well as individual relativism. Cultural relativism is a concept that cultural norms and values derive their meaning within a specific social context. A lot of cultures do things a way which they were taught was always the right way and everything within that particular norm is viewed to be correct. In contrast, other cultures might see it differently. To them, it might seem wrong and even offensive which is actually relevant.