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Examples of experiencing different cultures
Ethnographic study approach
Social effects on appearance
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As we go about our daily lives, we may catch ourselves looking at others, unconsciously inferring what it is they are doing, and or may have previously done. For those that are unaware, this is essentially considered ethnography, the analysis of a culture or society, typically based on the observation of a participant(s) resulting in a written account of a people place or institution. (Definition taken from the Glossary of Terms written by Simon Coleman and Bob Simpson). I conducted an ethnography study in which I sat at a nearby Starbucks and watched as people interacted which each other as well as their environment. In this study I found some pretty expected occurrences, I noted behaviors that one may not pay attention to in everyday life. This further drawing me to the understanding that everyday life is much deeper than the surface. Everyone interacts with their surroundings differently. Located in Barnes and Noble, this …show more content…
In the moment, I thought nothing of the group of women. However, in hindsight I can address the subtle notice of the woman that glanced at me as I took a seat. I was a newcomer to the environment, something had changed, and she noticed it. Although the woman carried on with her conversation, I can’t help but wonder whether or not she inferred something about my persona, or my need for being there. I assume she did, considering I often do the same. I would have liked to watch how they interacted which each other and further carried conversation, but I seemed to have arrived about thirty minutes too late. Looking across the room, I noticed a man with a woman whom I assume is his significant other, laughing as they engage in a conversation. He sits sideways in the chair, while the woman sits straight, as she leans her arms on the table. Funnily, I am easily distracted as I skim the room, spotting a
Sir Raymond Firth famously said that ethnography “makes the exotic familiar and the familiar exotic.” You mainly hear stories of ethnographers and anthropologist going to other countries to study societies that are fascinating and unknown so that we can become familiar with their culture and understand. This is how we make the exotic familiar. Within our own country we are under the impression that because we live around these people we know them and there is nothing to learn, but when we step in and begin to observe what’s in our own backyard we realize there are things that we don’t know. This is what Philippe Bourgois and Jeff Schonberg have done in Righteous Dopefiend.
Zastrow, C., & Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2007). Understanding human behavior and the social environment. Australia; U.S.A.: Thomson Brooks/Cole.
Zastrow, C. H., & Kirst-Ashman, K. K. (2013). Understanding human behavior and the social environment (9th ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole.
Zastrow, C. H., & Krist-Ashman, K. K. (2013). Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment (9 ed.). Belmont:
Peoples appearance had some help when determining were they place in the group status. The more attractive person was the so called leader of the group. While the others fell into their according spots possibly depending on how close they are to the leader. The verbal behavior that I observed reflects the one of a swim team. Swimming is an independent sport meaning you can limit your interaction from certain people just as the girls group did. From my observations I can conclude that people use their bodies and voices, not just what they they're talking about to communicate different emotions. When happier a person might engage in the conversation more than they would if they were sad. The individual behaviors I observed can indicate that the group members were pretty happy with being in their groups. Personal space from the girls group suggests that they might have closer relationships unlike the boys you stayed a mutual amount of space apart. Some characteristics of the people who stood out were the ones not engaging in the conversations, not as put together, and kept to them selves. Having an sociological imagination in the lunchroom better help be understand my actions and where I might fall in my group's social status. Naturalistic observation was a great way to collect data because the people did not know I was watching
In the field of academia, ethnographic studies are often overlooked as a serious source and reviewed as literature for the mass populace. Because of the often common language, fluid writing styles, format, and production of typical ethnographies, it is much more appealing and attainable to popular culture than the research within a scholarly journal or anthology. Although, perhaps instead of deeming ethnographic work unworthy of a scholarly title due to the appeal it possess, historians should relish in this relativity new form of research for its popularity. Ethnographic studies provide readers with a rare and untarnished micro historic view of the customs of a particular culture or individuals within said culture. Opposing most academia, these studies can sometimes be void in political agenda and personal biases, providing the audience with more objective material. Ethnographies often allow readers to see private and intimate moments within the milieu of the subject which is not often reserved for public life, which is the typically sphere of scholarly study; because of this tendency, individuals and groups which lack a strong public voice are frequently the foci of ethnographic studies. Throughout history women have often been the victims of such marginalization, with a recent focus on Eastern and Islamic women. Considering the previous, Muslim women and gender have been the center of contemporary ethnographic studies, giving a voice to non-Westernized Muslim women and providing a natural research of gender relations with little bias or political agenda.
Ethnography is a research method used to explore different cultures from a personal view. Many anthropologists have sought to use ethnography as their main study method because of its specificity and opportunity to get hands on. Those that participate in ethnographies are expected to accurately record detailed accounts of the society in which they are staying, but at the same time maintain a critical distance.
Hutchison, E. D. (2017). Essentials of human behavior: integrating person, environment, and the life course. Los Angeles:
James P. Spradley (1979) described the insider approach to understanding culture as "a quiet revolution" among the social sciences (p. iii). Cultural anthropologists, however, have long emphasized the importance of the ethnographic method, an approach to understanding a different culture through participation, observation, the use of key informants, and interviews. Cultural anthropologists have employed the ethnographic method in an attempt to surmount several formidable cultural questions: How can one understand another's culture? How can culture be qualitatively and quantitatively assessed? What aspects of a culture make it unique and which connect it to other cultures? If ethnographies can provide answers to these difficult questions, then Spradley has correctly identified this method as revolutionary.
A gym as defined by the Oxford Dictionary states that it is a “membership organization that provides a range of facilities designed to improve and maintain physical fitness and health.” Within our society, the culture of a gym or health club is comprised of those who wish to maintain their physical health, as well as form a bond for like-minded people to support one another with their health goals within a shared environment. I have chosen to observe and understand the culture that embodies the Westford Regency Health Club, a local Massachusetts gym with higher than average membership pric es and a higher end reputation in comparison to the average franchised gym, such as Planet Fitness. I chose this particular gym for the sole fact that it is labeled as a “health club,” rather than a gym, which brings about the notion that it is somehow superior in regards to its facilities and membership privileges. For my research, I used an inductive method including participant-observation, as well as field notes gathered from my visits as a new member.
Zastrow, Charles. Understanding Human Behavior and the Social Environment, Fifth Edition. 2001, pg. 246-47 & 324-29.
These kinds of actions are useful and informative to the anthropologist, who is trying to characterize a group of people by its social behavior. All this information has become an important source in the work of an ethnographer.
One cannot generalize or predict all human behaviors, thought processes, morals, and customs. Because human nature is dominated by different types of cultures and societies in various parts of the world, this can often lead to misunderstanding which ultimately leads to the illusion of cultural superiority, and in most cases this can lead to genocide - the systematic murder or annihilation of a group of people or culture. Anthropology is the study of humans, our immediate ancestors and their cultural environments this study stems from the science of holism - the study of the human condition. Culture is crucial in determining the state of the human condition, as the cultures are traditions and customs that are learned throughout an individual
Zastrow, C.H. & Kirst-Ashman, K. (2010). Understanding human behavior and the social environment. Belmont, CA: Brooks & Cole.
Norms are by definition general society guidelines and expectations of appropriate behavioral conduct in a particular environment or society. These guidelines could be formal and written such as laws that prohibit stealing or they could be implicit such as behavioral conduct or dress code. Every society has its own way of endorsing and enforcing certain norms and standards of proper behavior while renouncing and sanctioning improper behavior. In general, norms are of a significant importance because they guide our behavior and maintain order in society by providing conformity. Furthermore, norms render behavior predictable rather than random, thus allowing us to predict and understand other people’s actions and behaviors in different situations. On the other hand, divergence from norms is termed “deviance” and can lead to chaos and instability. It is noteworthy to mention, that the culture background and context play an important role as each culture processes its own norms, values, standards and expectations. For instance, in certain cultures shaking hands between opposite sexes is inappropriate, and this is the case in Yemen. Thus our perception of norms in different culture is critical: either we choose to understand an individual’s behavior according to his own culture context and set of norms (cultural relativity) or we choose to understand an individual’s behavior according to our own culture which we believe to be more superior (ethnocentrism). An example of ethnocentrism where norms and values of a certain culture have been imposed on another is the banning of the veil worn by muslim women in France. In contrast, cultural relativism appears in Lebanon where muslim women are perceived in terms of their own culture and are a...