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Debate about qualitative and quantitative research
Comparing and contrasting qualitative research and quantitative
Debate about qualitative and quantitative research
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There are many different types of methods used when it comes to research. The two that will be focused on are both quantitative and qualitative. Qualitative research is described as “interpretive techniques that seek to describe, decode, translate, and otherwise come to terms with the meaning, not the frequency, of certain phenomena; a fundamental approach of exploration, including individual depth interviews, group interviews, participant observation, videotaping of participants, projective techniques and psychological testing, case studies, street ethnography, elite interviewing, document analysis, and proxemics and kinesics; see also content analysis (Cooper & Scnieder, 2014) .” Quantitative research is a little easier to understand as it deals more with actual numbers and statistics to identify an exact amount. Quantitative research is described as “the precise count of some behavior, knowledge, opinion, or attitude (Cooper & Scnieder, 2014).” How exactly would this be used when it …show more content…
Pure, hard numbers allow researchers to fully understand and evaluate their work. With Qualitative research producing good quality facts is a bit harder as it only produces descriptions and translation of the research. Quantitative and qualitative research can be used in conjunction with each other but in maybe in something outside of business. For example, if you were to pair the two research functions when looking at a real world issue like domestic violence. Quantitative research/analysis could be used to show how many people in the study are affected by domestic violence, and qualitative analysis to explain the symptoms of those who have suffered through a relationship where domestic violence was problematic. If I had a business of my own, I would much prefer to use quantitative research and analysis, as I would be motivated by numbers to have a better understanding of my production and rates of success and
Research can be quantitative and qualitative. Quantitative research is objective and involves measuring the phenomena under investigation. Qualitative research is subjective, explores experiences and feelings, and involves the recording of phenomena that cannot easily be quantified (Toates, 2010, pp. 5-6). Both are empirical since they involve data collection (OU, n.d.).
The data collection will be descriptive and explanatory as plausible methods are tests and surveys where there are consolidation of data and questionnaires. The methods use will replication research method where the methods will be repeated from other relevant studies but with different inputs of variables.
According to Smith (1983) quantitative research is to explain, predict and develop laws that can be universally applied and Qualitative research is the interpretation and understanding of what people give to their situation. The researchers clearly stated the purpose of their studies, aim, objectiv...
The father of quantitative analysis, Rene Descartes, thought that in order to know and understand something, you have to measure it (Kover, 2008). Quantitative research has two main types of sampling used, probabilistic and purposive. Probabilistic sampling is when there is equal chance of anyone within the studied population to be included. Purposive sampling is used when some benchmarks are used to replace the discrepancy among errors. The primary collection of data is from tests or standardized questionnaires, structured interviews, and closed-ended observational protocols. The secondary means for data collection includes official documents. In this study, the data is analyzed to test one or more expressed hypotheses. Descriptive and inferential analyses are the two types of data analysis used and advance from descriptive to inferential. The next step in the process is data interpretation, and the goal is to give meaning to the results in regards to the hypothesis the theory was derived from. Data interpretation techniques used are generalization, theory-driven, and interpretation of theory (Gelo, Braakmann, Benetka, 2008). The discussion should bring together findings and put them into context of the framework, guiding the study (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). The discussion should include an interpretation of the results; descriptions of themes, trends, and relationships; meanings of the results, and the limitations of the study. In the conclusion, one wants to end the study by providing a synopsis and final comments. It should include a summary of findings, recommendations, and future research (Black, Gray, Airasain, Hector, Hopkins, Nenty, Ouyang, n.d.). Deductive reasoning is used in studies...
On the other hand, Quantitative research refers to “variance theory” where quantity describes the research in terms of statistical relationships between different variables (Maxwell, 2013). Quantitative research answers the questions “how much” or “how many?” Quantitative research is an objective, deductive process and is used to quantify attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and other defined variables with generalized results from a larger sample population. Much more structured than qualitative research, quantitative data collection methods include various forms of surveys, personal interviews and telephone interviews, polls, and systematic observations. Methods can be considered “cookie cutter” with a predetermined starting point and a fixed sequence of
There are two types of research, the first qualitative; an in-depth broad investigation, detailed analysis looking at opinions, the data collected will be rich, and will have understandings. This, according to Bell (2010, p.5) is “concerned to understand individuals perceptions of the world”
When conducting research one of the most important parts of the process is the documentation that is kept when doing such research. Along with all the testing, sampling, and data collections, researchers should be responsible to create a research report for every study completed. This documentation is kept in the records and archives of the research facility or sponsor, for journaling and publishing. These reports can later be used by consumers, students, teachers, and any other interested party that is in need of the findings. The following paper will discuss and describe the stages of research for the qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods research methods.
In my opinion this study falls under the theory of Ethnography. According to Polit and Beck (2014), “Ethnography is a type of qualitative inquiry that involves the description and interpretation of a culture and cultural behavior. Culture refers to the way a group of people live--- the patterns of human activity and the symbolic structures (for example, the values and norms) that give such activity significance” (p. 268). Therefore the goal of this theory is to learn about a culture from the people who actually live in that culture. Especially, due to the fact that culture is not just an ethnic population, but is also considered a society, a community, an organization, special
We believe it is clear that both qualitative and quantitative research have many benefits and many costs. In some situations the qualitative approach will be more appropriate; in other situations the quantitative approach will be more appropriate.
There are quantitative and qualitative methods in the realm of academic research seem to be the most relevant to the domains of professional study at Henley-Putnam University. These methods involve the collection of different types of data to help better understand the world around us. Quantitative research is associated with the social science like chemistry, engineering, and mathematics such as measuring items quantitatively can consist of observing the distance between planets as they revolve around the sun. In other words, quantitative methods allow for measuring one thing to compare against another quantity to generate conclusions, sometime confirming hypotheses or creating new ones based on research outcomes. However, qualitative research is applied in the soft or social sciences, such as history, sociology and anthropology. According to Qualitative Research Consultants Association (QRCA), qualitative research seeks out the “why”, not the “how”, of its topic through the analysis of unstructured information. For instance, methodological discussions like
Quantitative studies are primarily numbers based. They deal with large cohort groups as well as analyze large amounts of data. “A quantitative researcher typically tries to measure variables in some way, perhaps by using commonly accepted measures of the physical world (e.g., rulers, thermometers, oscilloscopes) or carefully designed measures of psychological characteristics or behaviors (e.g., tests, questionnaires, rating scales)” (Leedy & Ormrod, 2010, p. 94).
Techniques and procedures The data collection methods used can be categorized in qualitative or quantitative
The definition and the aim of quantitative research is gathering the information from many individuals so that it has the ability to make generalisation (Ranjit Kumar, 2014). Compared with qualitative research (interview), it might not take a long time to gather all the sample, as researcher conduct it at the same time if they wish. In addition, it might not make respondents really tired, compared with the interview. As the term mentions,
Some different forms of research can be conducted by using surveys, focus groups, case studies, Delphi method and content analysis. By using different research methods, you will be able to compare and contrast different findings. This will better help support the hypothesis you will
On the other hand, quantitative research allows you to test hypothesis derived from theories, associated with the issues being investigated. It is less flexible, as there are standardized procedures and techniques for collecting, organizing and analyzing the data (Kuada, 2012).