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Puritans self - reliance
How did religion impact colonial america
The influence of Puritans on America
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Selfish or Selfless
By using the person that puritans relied so much on, anyone could take control. To the Puritans, God, was everything to them, every prayer they had, every food they ate, every morning they woke up alive, they counted on god. With needing power, holding “ Gods word” above them was an easy target. The Puritans knew two things, God, and Selfishness
As stated in John Winthrop's sermon given aboard the Arbella to settlers traveling to New England, he makes laws, and reinforces them by saying it's what “ God wants,” and by that it gave him control over the people. If they didn't follow those rules, he made sure to add some threatening words to frighten them. “ We must delight in each other; make others’ conditions our own; rejoice together, mourn together, labor and suffer together.” This statement of rules he created
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followed by “ undertaken, and so cause Him to withdraw his present help from us.” This stating that if they don't follow all of his rules God will no longer be with them, making them fear the punishment of God. In case that wasn't enough for him to convince them, he follows through by saying “ We shall shame the faces of many of God’s worthy servants, and cause their prayers to be turned into curses upon us till we be consumed out of the good land.” Then he includes another one of his rules, “ We are commanded this day to love the Lord our God;”and his laws, and the articles of our Covenant.” Again this statement is followed by a threat “ But if our hearts shall turn away, so that we will not obey, but shall be seduced, and worship other Gods.” By now the people know they have one choice, or the answer in their religion would be hell, so it put fear into their eyes.This article being about how to survive using alliances to live, was a lot like William Bradford's say on the Pequot war. In 1837, after the colonists attack on Pequot River village, Bradford uses sentences such as “ To see them thus frying in the fire, and the streams of blood the same; and horrible was the stink and scent thereof; but the victory seemed sweet sacrifice, and they gave the praise thereof to God.” In no bible does murder belong to God’s will.
Bradford trying to justify the war and gruesome murder of many by using God’s forgiveness and blessing upon the war. He goes on to say” thus to enclose their enemies in their hands, and give them so speedy a victory over so proud, insulting, and blasphemous and enemy.” Because the Pequot did not believe in the same God as the Puritans; he tries to convince everyone that it was what God wanted because they didn't believe in Him. This being the most selfish thing he could do. Bradford, not only using out of text phrases from the bible to justify murder, but using the fear that not believing in God, will cause death, making people more likely to stick with them than wonder on their own independence for the fear of death. William Bradford was not the only person to have this “threat of God”
idea. In 1630, John Cotton gave a similar sermon to members of his congregation who were coming to America. “ I will appoint a place for my people” are the words he chooses to start with, showing that the rest of what he has to say will include his “Ownership” over them. “God makes room for people in 3 ways.” Giving a number for things God can do goes against what the bible says. The bible states the things he does are infinite. The ways he states are “ casts out the enemies of a people before them by lawful war with the inhabitants. In other words, if the people there aren't true believers in God, they will most likely die by God's will. “He gives a foreign people favor in the eyes of any native people to come and sit down with them.” By believing in God, it shows that the Natives will trust them, but the natives have completely different gods than the Europeans do, that line was a threat that if the Europeans don't believe in God, the natives would have no reason not to kill them. Lastly he states that “ when he makes a country, though not altogether void of inhabitants, yet void in the place where they reside. Where there is a vacant place, there is liberty for the sons of Adam or Noah to come and inhabit, though they neither buy it nor ask their leaves.” This last section, showing that wherever they end up, needs to be good enough that god's people would come there and help them out; Creating things non existent in the bible, but in his own personal version in his head, for the people to believe him and follow his rules.
On his way to the New World, aboard the Arabella in 1630, John Winthrop, Puritan leader of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, spoke of the plan that he had in store for the colony. He preached that there would be equality in the new colony and that they " must be knit together in this work as one man." He spoke about the importance of community in the colony that was vital for the survival of the colony. His statements made on the Arabella are to the ideas in the Articles of Agreement, which compiled in Springfield, Massachusetts in 1636. In the Articles of Agreement, the community was to contain forty familiesrich and poor. In the Articles of Agreement, the concern for comfort and quality of life (for families) is outlined. They again put emphasis on the importance of unity in the colony and they also express that social classes do not determine what a person is. In Connecticut, the colonists set up regulations for wages and price; these rules were made to include poor settlers in trading and the economy by keeping the prices in the colony "fair." Since the colonists in the New England region was untied "as one" in each colony, this was one way that caused them to become a different society from the Che...
There may not be two more contrasting characters of early America then Thomas Morton and John Winthrop. Morton was nicknamed, "Leader of Misrule" while Winthrop was seen as the "model of [a] perfect earthly ruler" (147). These two figures not only help settle a new land, they also had firsthand knowledge of each other. They are not two people that lived years apart from each other but rather they lived concurrently. With two such polarizing people living in a small new land, there was bound to be at least one disagreement. We are fortunate to have writings from each of these two fascinating men. One can't help but be thoroughly entertained when reading the words that each man left behind. Morton was the rebellious and raucous and Winthrop was the conservative preacher. Each had different ideas and ideals for what America was to become. Their two opinions could not differ much more from the other but they both weren't quite right. It seems that America has found a middle ground. Perhaps these two help set the path to where we stand now.
As the regions began to expand and develop, their motivations for settlement helped to mold their societies. New England was a place where men sought refuge from religious persecution and was established as a haven for religious refugees. Despite this reason for settling, the New Englanders still attempted to spread their own beliefs of religion. As illustrated by John Winthrop in his Model of a Christian Charity, he preached to his fellow colonists that “we shall be a city upon a hill” (Doc A) exemplifying the Puritans’ aspirations of a Holy Utopia. He and countless other New Englanders practiced the belief that they must all work together. They were determined to “mourn together, labor and suffer together, always having before our eyes our commission and community in the work.” The Articles of Agreement plainly laid out the basis for the New England region. These articles made New England a cosmopolitan mix of rich and poor families, all being in possession of land and resolute in doing God’s work (Doc D). However, while the New Englanders settled to create a Holy Utopia, the people of the Chesapeake were concerned not only with their religious freedom, but also ...
A Puritan lawyer, John Winthrop, immigrated to New England because his views on religion were different from those in England. Even though Puritans are Protestants, Puritans tried to purify the English Church. In 1630 on board of the Arabella on the Atlantic Ocean on way to Massachusetts, he wrote “A Model of Christian Charity” which gave his views on what a society should be. ‘…the condition of mankind, [that] in all times some must be rich, some poor, some high and eminent in power and dignity, other mean and in subjection….[Yet] we must knit together in this work as one man.’ (Doc. A). In this he is saying that men may be different but to make a new world work, they must work together. All through his speech he mentions God. For example, he opens his sermon with ‘God Almighty in his most holy and wise providence…’. This shows that in New England, the people were very religious.
John Winthrop was a wealthy puritan governor and helped found the Massachusetts Bay colony. As an activist for moral liberty he addressed natural liberty very clearly. He made it evident that he is not a fan by stating that natural liberty is lawless and corrupt, and abides only to beasts. Winthrop compares a civil man with a simple man, and says the simple man has no direction or guidance and can do evil as he wishes. Winthrop’s address to moral liberty, or civil liberty is intended to help people live clean free lives and do what is good. State and religious regulations are needed to guide people to do morally right things and steer them away from corruption.
Edmund S. Morgan's book, "The Puritan Dilemma", is an account of the events encountered by John Winthrop's mission of creating a city on a hill. Winthrop leads and directs the Massachusetts Bay Company, to the new world, while trying to find a solution to the Puritan dilemma, which was how they were going to live in the world while trying to live up to the ideals in the Bible. These ideals lead John Winthrop to propose the creation of a “city on a hill”. His proposition involves reforming the Church of England, in the new world, by purifying the church of all its flaws. It would create a citadel of God’s chosen people, the kind of society that God demanded of all His servants. According to Winthrop, "They should be purified of their unregenerate members, their heretical clergymen, their unwarranted ceremonies, their bishops, and archbishops, but they were nevertheless churches and must be embraced as churches". (Morgan, 27) Winthrop continues to emphasize that they have been selected by God, like Israel of old, to serve as a model society to others; they would be a “city on a hill” for everyone to see and observe.
The Puritans were mainly artisans and middling farmers by trade and in the wake of the reformation of the Church of England, left for the colonies to better devout themselves to God because they saw the Church of England as a corrupt institution where salvation was able to be bought and sold, and with absolutely no success in further reforming the Church, set off for the colonies. English Puritans believed in an all-powerful God who, at the moment of Creation, determined which humans would be saved and which would be damned (Goldfield 45).
The puritans were very religious. They wanted to show everyone what happens if you are good and believe in god and the heavens. If you do bad things you would be punished or be killed. If you do good things you can be hand chosen to go to heaven.
The Puritans didn't have all the luxuries we have today. They were told many things by preachers such as Jonathon Edwards, who lit a candle of fear in their minds. If I was alive to hear Edwards preach, I'd certainly have to question myself. He preached that God holds us in his hands and he can make or break us. If God decides it so, he will let us go and we will fall from his hands to nothing but Hell. Certainly no one wants to go to Hell. So, the Puritans tried to better their lives, and go by rules or "resolutions." They believed if they followed these resolutions, even though their fate was predetermined by God, they could live a life of good and maybe prove they are meant to go to Heaven.
John Winthrop was a pioneer for religious freedom in America. As one of the early settlers sailing west on the Arbella, he composed a sermon called A Model for Christian Charity. Winthrop’s sermon is the framework for creating the spiritual colony that he envisioned and a way to unite the people coming to a new land. The people traveling west were not from one group but rather came from many groups and backgrounds. Winthrop knew that in order to succeed in the wilderness these individuals would have to give up some of their individuality for the greater good of the colony. Winthrop felt that religion was the ultimate way to accomplish this and that Christ was the perfect model to follow. In one passage he says:
The church and Christian beliefs had a very large impact on the Puritan religion and lifestyle. According to discovery education, “Church was the cornerstone of the mainly Puritan society of the 17th century.”( Douglas 4). Puritan laws were intensively rigid and people in society were expected to follow a moral strict code. And because of Puritans and their strict moral codes, any act that was considered to go against this code was considered a sin and deserved to be punished. In Puritan theology, God h...
Puritans believed in strict religious dedications, by trying to follow the holy commandment. “The discipline of the family, in those days, was of a far more rigid kind than now.”(Hawthorne 9). They wanted to be considered the holiest of all people because they try to reflect a world of perfection in the sight of God. While they where trying to portray a holy life; however, they where also living a sinful life because they have been judgmental, slandering, uncompassionate, resentment, and forbearing, which are all sinful acts of the bible.
In 1534, King Henry VIII formally instigated the English Reformation. He therefore passed the Act of Supremacy, which outlawed the Catholic Church and made him “the only supreme head on earth of the Church of England” (Roark, 68). Puritans were looking for a more Protestant church and received what they wanted. Along with it, came the King’s total control over the Church. This is what the Puritans didn’t want. Puritans believed that ordinary Christians, not a church hierarchy, should control religious life. They wanted a distinct line between government and the Church of England. Puritans also wanted to eliminate the customs of Catholic worship and instead focus on an individual’s relationship with God developed through Bible study, prayer, and introspection (Roark, 68).
Winthrop had decided to leave England to found a godly community in the new world. Like most Puritans, Winthrop was extremely religious and subscribed fervently to the Puritan belief that the Anglican Church had to be cleansed of Catholic ritual. Winthrop was convinced that God was going to punish the English Puritans for its heresy against God. As the leader of the party heading for the new world he believed in creating a society based on a moral code that was rooted in the bible. Winthrop and the other Puritans hoped to establish in the new world a pure church that would offer a model for the churches in England, thus purifying the Anglican Church from within. "They sought homogeneity, not diversity, and believed that the good of the community outweighed protecting the rights of its individual members".
Puritanism as a religion declined, both by diluting its core beliefs and by losing its members. This phenomenon was at work even in colonial days, at the religion’s height, because it contained destructive characteristics. It devolved into something barely recognizable in the course of a few generations. We can observe that the decline of Puritanism occurred because it bore within itself the seeds of its own destruction.