Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
Aproachies of public administration
Detail about public administration
The terms public administration
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
Recommended: Aproachies of public administration
Public administration is the implementation of government policy. It is also an academic discipline that studies this implementation and prepares civil servants for public service. It was high in demand during the 1930’s and early 1940’s. It is known as the “high noon of orthodoxy”, marked by the publication of Luther H. Gulick and Lyndall Urwick’s Papers on the Science of Administration in 1937. Suggested by some administrationalists, it should be the center of government bureaucracy. A bureaucracy is a body of non-elective group officials who are in control of the government policy. As part of the academic aspect, it prepares the person to serve in the executive branch of local, state, and federal government. It entails the specific …show more content…
The Nazi’s believed that the Jews were followers of an abhorrent religious doctrine and that were in control of too much influence in the economy, politics, and culture. Many of the decisions made by the Nazi’s when controlling the Jews in the concentrated camps were not official orders from Hitler himself; they felt as tough it would make him happy based on his views and so they carried them out.
Hitler’s views are an example of public administration and are able to be used to understand the Holocaust. In the world today, the Holocaust is referred to the most important conglomerate of information when referring to the discipline of public administration. The discipline became high in demand in the same years that the Holocaust occurred. Hitler was a non-elected official who was trying to create a dominant policy, which is the paradigm for bureaucracy.
Some individuals argue that there is conspiracy due to the fact that studies of public administration occurred at the same time as the Holocaust was a conspiracy. America intruded Germany in order to stop the Holocaust only after the demand of public administration began to decline. This argues the reason as to why the Holocaust is referred to as the “Archive of Public
Jewish citizens and families are being sent to these camps, held there forced to do work. They are put in chambers where multiple people, large groups and families are gassed with Zyklon B, and are left for dead. Nazis are sent to kidnap Jewish people right out of their houses to send them to these camps. Others were also just shot and killed on the spot. The jewish people tried to resist, but it is difficult with lack of weapons and resources. Hitler was trying to gain power and land from this genocide. He thought that if he took over the world he could be the most powerful person. He also wanted revenge, he was angry about the outcome of WWI and this sparked his interest to get back at his
Taking their possessions away and not allowing them certain rights (Beecroft). This is similar to how Hitler told the people of Germany that Jewish people were the reason the war was going bad and they were the reason Germany was in such a weak state. Just like the Turks the Nazis wanted everyone to be the same but in a little bit of a different way. In the Holocaust they started with the political opponents (“Holocaust”). The Nazis also took away the Jews jobs and possessions (Bard 13).
The Jewish people were targeted, hunted, tortured, and killed, just for being Jewish, Hitler came to office on January 20, 1933; he believed that the German race had superiority over the Jews in Germany. The Jewish peoples’ lives were destroyed; they were treated inhumanly for the next 12 years, “Between 1933 and 1945, more than 11 million men, women, and children were murdered in the Holocaust. Approximately six million of these were Jews” (Levy). Hitler blamed a lot of the problems on the Jewish people, being a great orator Hitler got the support from Germany, killing off millions of Jews and other people, the German people thought it was the right thing to do. “To the anti-Semitic Nazi leader Adolf Hitler, Jews were an inferior race, an alien threat to German racial purity and community” (History.com Staff).
To Weber’s critics and supporters alike, the Holocaust serves as an example of the negative consequences of the means based reality of bureaucracy. To further explore this assertion, the mid-twentieth century mass genocide can be evaluated with both an ends-based rationality and Weber’s means-based rationality.
Modern Bureaucracy in the United States serves to administer, gather information, conduct investigations, regulate, and license. Once set up, a bureaucracy is inherently conservative. The reason the bureaucracy was initiated may not continue to exist as a need in the future. The need or reason may change with a change in the times and the culture needs. A bureaucracy tends to make decisions that protect it and further it’s own existence, possibly apart from the wishes of the populace. It may not consistently reflect what might be optimal in terms of the needs and wants of the people. Local governments employ most of the United States civil servants. The 14 cabinet departments in the U.S. are run day-to-day by career civil servants, which have a great deal of discretionary authority.
The Holocaust, the mass killing of the Jewish people in Europe, is the largest genocide in history to this date. Over the course of the Holocaust nearly six million Jewish people were killed by the Nazi Party and Germany led by Adolf Hitler. There are multiple contributing factors to the Holocaust that made it so large in scope. Historians argue which of these factors were most significant. The most significant contributing factor is the source of the Holocaust, the reason it occurred. This source is Adolf Hitler and his hatred for Jewish people. In comparison to the choices of the Allies to not accept Jewish refugees and to not take direct military action to end the Holocaust, the most significant contributing factor of the Holocaust is that Adolf Hitler was able to easily rise to power with the support of the German people and rule Germany.
As Hitler was rising in power, his plan all along was to “make Germany better,” as he thought he was doing. In his eyes, making Germany better was everyone being equal. He wasn’t going to hesitate to take the first chance he could to jump on the Jews. He would act on any little reason he could. A German official was assassinated in Paris and Germans were angry because it was in the hands of a Jewish teenager. It gave the Germans a chance to attack at the Jews (United States Holocaust Memorial Museum). There were a lot of unnecessary laws passed that were meant to take away the Jewish peoples happiness. For example, they had a curfew of 9:00 pm and 5:00 am in the summer, and 8:00 pm and 6:00 am in the winter. Kristallnacht, or otherwise named, The Night of the Broken, was like a turning point for the Jewish people that started off the Holocaust (American-Israeli Cooperative Enterprise). Hitler made a lot of laws like the one stated above and continued to do so to try and get a reaction out of them.
The Holocaust was a terrible time. This terrible time was all a plan, led by Adolf Hitler. Adolf Hitler was sent to prison for treason. Even after he got out, he worked with the government of Germany. He even rose to be the Dictator of Germany, with the luck of the last leader's passing. He blamed others for his "struggle." He passed laws, to make it legal to descriminate and to single out groups of people, races, and religions.
Finally, as part of “The Final Solution to the Jewish Question”, they created concentration and killing camps. Another thing the Nazi’s did was to use eugenics as another means to micromanage the population. What is eugenics, you might ask? It’s the field of scientific study or the belief in genetically improving qualities, attributes and traits in the human race and/or improving the species as a whole—usually done by controlled/selective breeding. Those with positive, desirable, and superior traits are encouraged to reproduce and may be given monetary incentives by the government to have large families.
Introduction: The Holocaust was an event that took place in Germany which means ‘sacrifice by fire’ in Greek; many murdered Jews were the consequences of this terrible action caused by Adolf Hitler. According to the website United States Holocaust Memorial Museum (USHMM) it states that “The Holocaust was the systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of six million Jews by the Nazi regime and its collaborators.” This terrific slaughter was a racial and discriminatory oppression for the Nazis to the minorities. The Holocaust is an important and historical event taught in schools and known by many people. The word ‘holocaust’ is associated with massive deaths based on the background of Hitler’s actions during 1939-1945.
The study of public administration only continued to grow over the course of the next two decades. As the study of public administration expanded, so did the development of s...
In the future I would like to see myself, as a continuously promoted public official who could possibly become a pro-active politician in today’s demanding political arena. To achieve this, I would like to gain more knowledge which can help me reach intellectual maturity to the latest practices adopted in the field of Public Administration. My desire for self-development in this area and curiosity to learn past and contemporary developments in different societies will help me to solve the problems easily.
Traditional public administration is traced back to the works of scholars like Max Weber, Woodrow Wilson and Fredrick Taylor. This form of administration was mostly influenced by Max Weber with his bureaucratic model and theory. Max Weber was a well-known sociologist born in Germany in the year 1864. He came up with his bureaucratic model as a way to try to improve management in organizations. ‘Weber emphasized on top-down control in the form of monocratic hierarchy that is a system of control in which policy is set at the top and carried out through a series of offices, whereby every manager and employee are to report to one person in top management and held accountable by that manager’ (Pfiffner, 2004, p. 1).
According to Sapru R.K. (2008) p370-371 the traditional ideal of public administration which inclined to be firm and bureaucratic was based on processes instead of outcomes and on setting procedures to follow instead of focusing on results. This paradigm can be regarded as an administration under formal control of the political control, constructed on a firmly ranked model of bureaucracy, run by permanent and neutral public servants, driven only by public concern. In emerging nations the administration was true bureaucracy meaning government by officers. In this perspective Smith (1996) p235-6 perceived that“the bureaucracy controls and manages the means of production through the government. It increases chances for bureaucratic careers by the creation of public figures,demanding public managers, marketing boards.
Woodrow Wilson’s purpose in writing “The Study of Administration” is to bring awareness that the government systems in place need to be re-evaluated and improved. Wilson encourages we need to examine the history of administration set forth by others in determining certain needs to be accomplished in effective ways and methods. Wilson’s desirable outcomes for research within the public administration field are for government systems to become more productive and organized.