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What effect do you think business cycles have on the economy
Scarcity and choice in economics
Scarcity and choice in economics
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Scarcity is the limited nature of society’s resources. I would describe this as for something to be scarce, you must give up or trade something in order to obtain what you want. There are some good examples given in the textbook, and one really stuck out in my head. Parents need to decide between buying food and clothing for their family or taking a family vacation. (p.4) In other words, money for this family is scarce, but they will give up buying the macaroni and cheese that their kids really love in order to put that money away for a vacation, this really struck close to home as when my daughter was in high school, she was a cheerleader, this is a very expensive sport. Being a single mother, I would forego the huge grocery shopping that …show more content…
I believe this is one of the reasons that companies outsource a lot of their work. Take a T-shirt maker. If they had a factory in the US that would make 20K t-shirts a day. If the same factory was in India or Taiwan, they could make 50K t-shirts a day. Inflation is the increase of prices. This is term that I really never grasped. This happens when the government prints too much money and then the value goes down. Why they would do that is beyond me. Business cycle is the ups and downs of economic activity such as employment and production. I would compare this to running a household. If one loses their job, they can no longer purchase the same things that they used to. This is usually temporary and will surely rebound back to where it was before they were laid off. Circular flow diagram is a diagram that shows how and where the money in the economy are spent. I am looking at this as basically and income statement that shows where all of the money is being spent on and where all of the money is coming in …show more content…
Normative statements are how the world should be. This is actually pretty funny and I have an example that I actually remembered from a college writing class that I took. I wrote a paper on how affirmative action is becoming reverse discrimination. Needless to say I made a statement that said “This action gives minorities who have not had advantageous lives the chance to succeed. That being said, this does not happen." (Carbone, K.,2013)My professor told me I should have said "Unfortunately, all too often this does not happen,"or "This does not always happen."( Breault, M., 2013). What I said would be a normative statement, and my professor’s response would be a positive
Paul De Grauwe published, “Yes, It’s the economy, stupid, but is it demand or supply?” on January 24, 2014 for CEPS Commentary. According to Paul De Grauwe, policy-makers are trying to fight a problem with the ‘wrong medicine’ as he puts it. He explains how before the 1970s economists focused on demand control; then when the 1970s came a supply shock that they were unprepared for hit. Due to this unpredicted supply shock, economists started developing different supply-side models that would hopefully combat this problem and keep it from happening again. However, with the corrections from the supply shock, they no longer focused on demand, and that resulted in a demand shock in 2008, where repeated mistakes occurred. François Hollande is mentioned to believe in the power of free market and that “…supply-side economics together with rejection of demand management is based on an ideological premise that markets have self-regulating characteristics, and that unemployment with therefore disappear automatically…” (Grauwe 4)
The term business cycle or economic cycle refers to the fluctuations of economic activity around its long-term growth trend. It involves shifts over time between periods of relatively rapid growth of output-recovery and prosperity, and periods of relative stagnation or decline- contraction or recession. These fluctuations are often measured using real gdp.
Scarcity implies that human needs for merchandise, goods, and services surpass what is available. Resources, for example, labor, apparatuses, land, and raw/crude materials are important to deliver the products and services we need yet they exist in constrained supply.
The exporting of American jobs is an issue that is important and will become increasingly so as more and more white collar jobs are shipped overseas. American companies in the past few decades have been sending American jobs overseas paying residents of other countries pennies on the dollar what they had paid American workers to do. This saves the companies millions of dollars on labor costs but costs Americans precious jobs.
The U.S. industries have been outsourcing manufacturing for several decades now. U.S. companies thought they were reducing costs by outsourcing development, manufacturing, and process-engineering abilities. Consequently, U.S. corporations’ knowledge, skilled workers, and supply chain, which are the necessities to producing advanced products, have vanished. For example, almost all notebook computers, cell phones, and handheld devices, which were once created in the U.S., are now designed in Asia. When a major U.S. company outsource, it pressures their rivals to do the same thing. They also lose the expertise of process engineering, which would interact with manufacturing on a daily basis. Minor companies and skilled workers go to where the jobs and knowledge networks are no matter where they are geographically in the world. This decline of trade in the U.S. has caused a negative chain reaction to their suppliers of sophisticated materials, tools, production equipment, and components. U.S. industries do not have a way of coming up with new ideas for the next generation of high-tech products...
Scarcity means that all resources are limited; some more limited than others, but nothing has an infinite supply. Basically, it is where there are unlimited wants and not enough resources for those wants. Take for example, in the film, directed by Robert Redford, “Milagro’s Beanfield Wars”, had a scarcity of water due to the incident that happened with farmer Joe Mondragon. All of the townspeople of Milagro, New Mexico had a limited resource of water, which made them angry because they had crops to feed; without water, the crops would die. In addition, a real world example of scarcity, now-a-day would be the fact that since the shortage of medical drugs are caused by “manufacturing problems to federal safety crackdowns to drugmakers abandoning
American companies purposely make their goods in other countries such as India because their labor practices do not meet US standards and can easily be manipulated for maximum profit. By paying their employees extremely low wages, they are still able to manufacture their products. As a result they pull out more profit that does not have to be given back to their employees due to minimum wage laws not being in effect in these countries. In “Distributional Effects Of Globaliz...
In an economy, aggregate demand (AD) accounts for the total expenditure on goods and services. It has five constituents; Consumer expenditure (C), Investment expenditure (I), Government expenditure (G), Export expenditure (X) and import expenditure (M), This gives us: AD= C+I+G+X-M. Aggregate supply (AS) on the other hand is the total supply of goods and services in the economy. Increasing AD and decreasing AS both cause demand-pull and cost-push inflation respectively. Demand pull inflation occurs when aggregate demand (AD) continuously rises, detailed in Figure 1. The AD curve continuously shifts to the right, as demand continuously increases, from point a to b to c. This consequently causes an increase in the price level of goods and services. As prices rise, costs of production also increase, causing producers to reduce output (a decrease in aggregate supply (AS)), shifting the AS curve to the left and leading to yet another increase in prices, (t...
The injections in the circular flow is the money that has been put into firms and
Large corporations seeking the extra dollar to pocket are willing to spend whatever it takes to reduce the cost of production and increase profit margins. Doing whatever it takes in some instances can help men moving operations overseas to developing countries who are glad to be working. These developing countries unemployment rates are extremely high, so any job that pays is great to have. Americans lose jobs to foreign workers because the American economy is one of the largest in the world and its citizens enjoy great standards of living, when juxtaposed with a city of the same size in Taiwan. Labor costs play a huge and crucial role in corporations, which in turn pay the profits to the corporate giants who run, manage, and own the businesses.
This is demand pull inflation, in this case the real output (real GDP) increases. It is caused by continuing rises in aggregate demand. Generally, it occurs when aggregate demand for goods and services in an economy rises more rapidly than an economy’s productive capacity. One potential shock to aggregate demand might come from a central bank that rapidly increases the supply of money. The increase in money in the economy will increase demand for goods and services from D0 to D1. In the short run, businesses cannot significantly increase production and supply (S) remains constant. The economy’s equilibrium moves from point A to point B and prices will tend to rise, resulting in
When we are being drawn to offerings that are exclusive, but difficult to come by, or we link the availability of a product or services to its quality we are engaging in the principle of scarcity. For example, if I tell my customers the benefit they will derive from choosing a particular product or services or their losses due to limited supply in the market, I stand a chance that the
Inflation is the rate at which the purchasing power of currency is falling, consequently, the general level of prices for goods and services is rising. Central banks endeavor to point of confinement inflation, and maintain a strategic distance from collapse i.e. deflation, with a specific end goal to keep the economy running smoothly.
Inflation is one of the most important economic issues in the world. It can be defined as the price of goods and services rising over monthly or yearly. Inflation leads to a decline in the value of money, it means that we cannot buy something at a price that same as before. This situation will increase our cost of living.
Currently in the global environment, there is a strong sense of competition that must be achieved through better performance, almost all firms are competing in international markets due to the reduction in barriers for capital and tariffs. With the new changes in both communication and technology, the consequences faced are that production processes are no longer within national boundaries but spread across (Debrah & Smith, 2002).