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Case studies on prosopagnosia
Case studies on prosopagnosia
Case studies on prosopagnosia
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Facial Features and Racial Recognition
Prosopagnosia- an inability to recognize the faces of familiar people, typically as a result of damage to the brain.
Prosopagnosia effects two percent if the people in America. However much that this sounds somewhat interesting, for our science project Kailee and I decided to see if people more easily distinguish between the faces of people of their own race or ethnicity compared to those of people of other races or ethnicities? Kailee and I had a very interesting time with this question and doing the tests on different people. The results were also very exciting and disappointing to me.
The project that we did was somewhat based on the neurological disorder called Prosopagnosia. This disorder
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The worst that could happen is that the faces of family members would not be distinguishable. There are pros to being able to tell faces a part, one of those are to be able to tell friend from foe. Most humans are able to tell the difference between faces but no human can do this small task better than... infants. Apparently at the age of just a few months infants begin to fine-tune their face recognition skills for the faces they see, that would be people of the same race or ethnicity. On a side note, I was curious about children who are mixed do they distinguish between both races easily or is it harder for them? Prosopagnosia was also mistaken by some as the “Cross-race Effect”. The cross-race effect is The cross-race effect;sometimes called cross-race bias, is the tendency to more easily recognize faces of the race that he or she is more familiar with. Prosopagnosia is nothing like the the cross-race effect, which is usually seen in courts of law while prosopagnosia is a neurologic disorder.
None of our test subject had Prosopagnosia, our tests were just see if it would be easier to tell the difference between faces. Now that the understanding of Prosopagnosia is there the supplies that you would need for you to do this project at home
“Accuracy-confidence correlation: an eye witnesses’ stated confidence is not a good predictor of identification accuracy; Stress effects: highly stressful situations may make an experience seem especially vivid, but such stressors can reduce the ability to recall details about a person’s face…Cross-race bias: eye witnesses are more accurate at identifying members of their own race than members of other races.”
Haney, Craig; Zimbardo, Philip. American Psychologist, Jul98, Vol. 53 Issue 7, p709, 19p, 2 Black and White Photographs,
The meaning, significance, and definition of race have been debated for centuries. Historical race concepts have varied across time and cultures, creating scientific, social, and political controversy. Of course, today’s definition varies from the scientific racism of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that justified slavery and later, Jim Crow laws in the early twentieth. It is also different from the genetic inferiority argument that was present at the wake of the civil rights movement. However, despite the constantly shifting concepts, there seems to be one constant that has provided a foundation for ideas towards race: race is a matter of visually observable attributes such as skin color, facial features, and other self-evident visual cues.
The authors’ interest in the application of priming to visual perception stems from a lack of empirical research done in this particular field. Priming a certain social identity (race, gender, age, or occupation) and its impact on cognition (in the form of performance on verbal and math tests) has received sufficient theoretical and empirical attention (Shih, Ambady, Richeson, Fujita, and Gray). The authors want to explore the unique situation of mixed race priming. The premise they base their research on is that visual search is important to everyday functioning (Wolfe, 1998), since social recognition, a necessary tool for social communication and survival. Another finding they base their hypothesis on is that Whites detect a Black face among a set of White faces faster than a White face among Black faces (Levin 1996,2000). Levin proposed the race-feature theory off his findings: “Whites code Black faces according to race-specifying features”.
Neurologically, the amygdala (which associate emotions to recognized faces) might be affected. The neural disconnection creates in the patient a sense that the face he/she is observing is not the face of the person to whom it belongs. Therefore, that face lacks the familiarity and recognition usually associated with it, which results in “derealization” and disconnection from the environment. If the patient sees his/her own face, he/she might perceive no association between the face and his/her sense of “Self”. Medicine indicates that Cotard's syndrome is associated with lesions in the parietal lobe and brain atrophy, especially of the median frontal
could be modified or expanded upon given what has been learned about the brain through
...l attributes, or clothing to recognize others. Face blindness is thought to be the result of abnormalities, damage, or impairment in a fold in the brain that appears to coordinate the neural systems that control facial perception and memory—the right fusiform gyrus. Face blindness can be caused by a stroke, a traumatic brain injury, or certain neurodegenerative diseases. While no treatment for this disorder yet exists, there are certain methods of therapy that can be used. It is possible to manage the disorder by using alternative cues to recognize other people. Future research and studies of types of face blindness will produce a better understanding of the specific locations and important roles of brain areas involved in ordinary facial perception and recognition. Such breakthroughs may lead to treatment methods and one day to a possible cure for face blindness.
Visual agnosia is a neurological disorder characterized by the inability to recognize familiar objects (Farah, 1990). Object recognition is the ability to place an object in a category of meaning. Most cases of visual agnosia are brought about through cerebral vascular accidents or traumatic brain injury typically inhibiting sufficient amounts of oxygen from reaching vital body tissues (Zoltan, 1996). There are a vast array of impaired abilities and deficits associated with individuals diagnosed with visual agnosia. These impairments vary considerably from individual to individual (Farah, 1990). Some patients cannot recognize pictures of things such as trees and birds, despite being able to describe such objects or recognize them through other senses such as sound and touch. Other patients demonstrate an inability to recognize faces of friends and family members (Goodale, 1995). The functional impairments experienced as a r...
People from various parts of the world have different features that can be used to identify where they originate. The question of whether or not human races truly exist is now a prevalent one in the scientific community. Some scientists believe that race is biologically meaningless while others believe that race can be used to determine medical treatment for a person (Jorde & Wooding, 2004). Although there are genes that determine the different physical characteristics of people their genetic variation is mainly due their geographic location. There is some biological basis for the phenotypic differences in humans, but the way we define and understand these differences are flawed. There is no individual trait or gene that separates members of one race from all the members of another race (Brace & Gill, 2000).
Depending on the degree of impairment some individuals may experience symptoms such as the inability to recognizes other stimuli, such as objects, cars, or animals. Also, many individuals with this neurological disorder have deficits in aspects of face processing, such as judging age or gender, recognizing certain emotional expressions, or following the direction of a person's eye gaze (Bates). There are two causes of prosopagnosia (PA) developmental and acquired. “Developmental PA are individuals whose prosopagnosia are genetic in nature, individuals who experienced brain damage prior to experience with faces (prenatal brain damage or immediate brain damage), and individuals who experienced brain damage or severe visual problems during childhood.”(2017). Acquired PA are individuals who used to have normal face recognition, but due brain damage suffered after maturity from head trauma, stroke, and degenerative diseases they no longer able to recognize faces (2017). Dr. P prosopagnosia is caused by acquired brain damage due to a degenerative disease. We can infer that Dr. P has a degenerative disease by his types of paintings earlier in his life and how they evolved. The author of the article, The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat,” put it perfectly, “Dr. P art works moved from realism to non-representation to the abstract, but this was not the artist, but the
An organic process unfolded as I worked on incorporating these disorders into the art piece. I sponge painted white paint over the whole work, making some sections more obscured than others. The white paint seemed to represent a white out, or blurring of cognitive
“Glaucоma is a disease оf the оptic nerve that can result in visiоn lоss and blindness” (Jampel 75). Even thоugh there are several factоrs, sоme оf which are yet tо be fully understооd, that lead tо damage оf the оptical nerve amоng persоns suffering frоm glaucоma, it has been fоund that the main treatment fоr peоple suffering frоm glaucоma remains bringing dоwn their intraоcular pressure (IОP) which is the fluid pressure inside the eye. There has been raging debate оn the use оf marijuana in the treatment оf variоus medical cоnditiоns. Even thоugh cоnservative methоds оf treatment exist, sоme patients get relief frоm the cоnditiоns that they suffer frоm оnce they smоke marijuana (Center fоr Health and Pharmaceutical Law and Pоlicy). Amоng
Antidepressant drugs are designed to correct the imbalance. Sutton believes that feedback between his brain machine and MRI pictures of the brain at work will provide more insight not only of depression and Alzheimer's, but of stroke, multiple sclerosis, and other disorders that affect large areas of the brain. In one experiment, he and his colleagues looked at pictures of brains while their owners did simple motor tasks, such as tapping their fingers in simple and complex patterns. As expected, they saw activity in small networks of cells located in brain areas that control movements.
“Only the other day, I was at a residential conference where I’d eaten breakfast with a group of fellow participants. I went back to my bedroom before heading to the auditorium. Plonking myself down next to a stranger, I smiled, stuck out my hand and said, ‘Hi. I’m Mary Ann Sieghart.’ ‘I know,’ he replied. ‘We’ve just spent the past half hour talking to each other.’” Many people have had an experience like this where they have failed to recognize someone they have met before, sometimes on several occasions, or an experience where they know they’ve heard a name before, but can not place a face to match it. For some, like Mary Ann Sieghart, this is not simply because they are bad with faces, but because they have a condition called prosopagnosia.
Now you have the basic knowledge of face reading, so go ahead and try on your friends, family and colleagues.