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Should animals be used for research and medical research
Should animals be used for research and medical research
Why should we continue cosmetic animal testing
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Animal cruelty is defined as the crime of inflicting pain, suffering, or death on an animal. Humans have been using animals as test subjects in their labs and research for hundreds of years. The oldest evidence of humans testing animals dates back to 500 BC Experimentation on animals wasn’t really questioned or challenged until the around the 1900s, people owned more domesticated animals themselves and an “anti-vivisection” (opposed to testing on live animals) campaign swept the nation ("Why Do Companies Test Cosmetics or Other Products on Animals?"). People became more interested in the subject of animal testing and whether it was ethical or not. One subject that numerous people felt unhappy about was the countless number of animals that …show more content…
The California Biomedical Research Association stated “Nearly every medical breakthrough in the last 100 years has resulted directly from research using animals” ("Why Do Companies Test Cosmetics or Other Products on Animals?"). And no one can deny that amazing things have been accomplished through animal testing: vaccines, advances in cancer research, and in 1997 a human ear was grown on the back of a living mouse (“Using Animals for Testing: Pros Versus Cons”). But what good has come from testing for commercial testing for cosmetics other than a new blush? A living organism can be something that is complex and difficult to recreate. Without a living subject to test on there is not a real way to observe the effects of a chemical or drug in the immune system or the central nervous system. Using petri dishes in research for drug testing can be incredibly helpful but it isn’t a complete replacement for animal testing. There is no computer system or model that can simulate the complex workings of a human body flawlessly. The reasons animals are used in testing at all is because animals are the closest known natural simulation of a human ("Fact Sheet: Cosmetic
The Web. 5 February 2016. Driscoll and Finley’s article, while including a historical view on animal experimentation, mentions information regarding the topics of product testing and the use of experiments simply for research. The use of animals to test cosmetics is introduced in their article.
Over the past couple of years many companies of these cosmetic products released that they are against animal testing including LUSH Fresh Handmade Cosmetics, The Body Shop, and many others. There are still companies that still do test with animals; over 250 on PETA’s website. A large percent of these are well-known companies such as Johnson & Johnson, Estee Lauder, Procter & Gamble, L’Oreal, and others that may surprise the consumer. The majority of these companies are producing the same products yet using different animal testing results. This causes the number of test subjects to be substantially larger than what is needed. The number of tests being conducted could be reduced if these companies either become anti animal testing or share results with other companies. This idea might seem like a long-shot since sharing information with their competitors seems ridiculous. If you take a step back from looking at each individual company, you’ll see that they are all conducting similar tests with similar products. Sharing results of these tests with other companies potentially selling similar products, with the same ingredients, will result in a large drop in animal testing (Search for Cruelty-Free
Every person in this world should accept the fact that animals are living beings just like us. Additionally, every person should accept that animals are not ours to experiment on, to torture or kill them for our own purpose. It is a well-known fact that they are intelligent creatures and most important – they do have the ability to think, to feel anger and happiness, they want to make friends and to have life partners. Can you imagine the pain they feel when they are separated one from another or when they are simply excluded from the freedom to live only to die for cosmetics? Therefore, if we are against keeping people in captivity against their will, torturing them, doing cruel experiments on them and causing them to suffer and bleed to death then we should also be against animal testing. Consequently, if it is immoral and unethical to torture, do harm or kill a person then it should be immoral and unethical to do the same to these innocent living creatures
The second pro to animal testing is that there is not an alternative to a whole-body system in humans and animals. The systems of humans and animals are very advanced and studying something like a petri dish will not give the same effect as studying the whole systems in the body of an animal or human. You can’t find side effects for drugs if there is no circulatory system to have the medicine end up at different organs. Also blindness, high blood pressure, and other conditions have to be studied in actual tissue. Computer models can’t be accurate unless there is animal research anyway. Even supercomputers can’t make accurate models of complex organs.
Animal activists definition of "animal experimentation" is the infliction of pain onto animals to see their reaction. Humans use animals because we don't want to experience this ourselves. Animal testing is inhumane, for example the "Draize Eye Test". This test is where the animal is restrained, and eyes clipped open so they cannot blink for days, and literally put shampoo in their to see the effect. They do this to examine how it will effect humans.
Throughout history, beginning as early as 500 BC, animals have been used to test products that will later be utilized by humans (“Animal Testing” 4), what isn’t publicly discussed is the way it will leave the animals after the process is done. Many innocent rabbits, monkeys, mice, and even popular pets such as dogs are harmed during the testing application of cosmetics, medicine, perfumes, and many other consumer products (Donaldson 2). Nevertheless, there are many people whom support the scandal because "it is a legal requirement to carry out animal testing to ensure they are safe and effective” for human benefit (Drayson). The overall question here is should it even be an authorized form of experimentation in the United States, or anywhere else? The fact of the matter is that there are alternatives to remove animals out of the equation for good (“Alternatives” 1). They are cheaper, and less invasive than the maltreatment of the 26 million innocent animals that are subjected to the heartlessness of testing each year (“Animal Testing” 4). All in all, due to the harsh effects of animal testing, it should be treated as animal cruelty in today’s society.
Every year approximately 100 million animals are killed as a part of scientific research in the United States alone. Animal testing is a highly controversial practice in the modern world. There are records of animals being used in biological and medicinal research as far back as 384 BCE with the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle. Many people believe animal testing is unethical as it is bringing harm to animals in order to benefit humans. Ever since the beginning of this practice, animal testing has been used for a variety of purposes, all of which are inhumane and unethical.
Not only do we have other options for these tests, but animals testing has actually been proven to be ineffective. Companies claim that this sort of cruelty will benefit the human population by testing the “safety” of the products, as they have been for hundreds of years and although this may have been helpful in the past, scientists have discovered otherwise. “While funding for animal experimentation and the number of animals tested on continues to increase, the United States still ranks 49th in the world in life expectancy and second worst in infant mortality in the developed world” (“Animal Testing Is”). This evidence shows that while we still continue to support and spend money on animal testing, it is not working as well as we thought.Essentially we are torturing the animals for a negative outcome, both for the human and the animal. The Food and Drug Administration reports that “92 out of every 100 drugs that pass animal tests fail in humans” (“Top Five Reasons”). If the products and drugs that we are testing on the animals are not working then there is no use in harming a harmless animal for them. Some may disagree and say that animal testing has enabled us to develop many life saving treatments for both humans and animals. But in reality there has been more cons then pros in animal testing. For example, “Animal tests on the arthritis drug Vioxx showed that it had a protective effect on the hearts of mice, yet the drug went on to cause more than 27,000 heart attacks and sudden cardiac deaths before being pulled from the market” (Should Animals Be). While animal testing has enabled us to create great products it is usually ineffective on humans and leads to animals being harmed for no
Each year, thousands of animals are brutally tortured in laboratories, in the name of cosmetic research. A movement to ban animal testing for cosmetic purposes has been gaining popularity, with many companies hopping on the bandwagon against this research. New alternatives have been developed to eliminate the necessity to test on animals. This is only a small beginning of what is necessary to end these immoral acts. Animal testing in cosmetics is useless and cruel, and can be accomplished by other methods of research to end the suffering of animals.
(Sub-Point # 1) According to The Humane Society International, animal testing is the process of using living animals for research purposes. Much of this research is done for common human use such as medicine, cosmetics, shampoos, cleaning products,pesticides, contact lenses, and diapers. Most of these research facilities will tell you that the pain the animals feel during testing is considered “mild”, but still have the potential to cause pain, suffering, and even death for the animals. Common procedures include forced exposures to chemicals which is done by injections. Animals are also inflicted pain with wounds so that either their healing or stress level can be studied. At the end animals are killed or are used in other experimentations. The number of animals that have been tested on should be reported, but 90% of the animals used in testing here in the United States are not represented on government statistics (Rowan,
Animal testing has long played a part in the science of testing, and it still plays a very important role in the medical world. Testing on animals in order to create a cure for AIDS is one thing, but testing on animals for human vanity is another. Animal testing is used to test the safety of a product. It has kept some very unsafe substances out of the cosmetic world. However, in this day in age, animal testing is not the only way to test the safety of a product. Animal testing in cosmetics has decreased over the years. However, it is still used by many companies in America. Animal testing is not only cruel, but it is also unnecessary in today’s advanced scientific world.
It still comes as a surprise to me that with all the technology in today’s society, we are still relying on animals for cosmetic research. Some people think that it is acceptable and even justified to test on mere animals rather than risk hurting people. So, for these kinds of people, animal testing makes perfect sense. However, in my opinion, animals are living creatures and have the right to live out their lives as nature intended rather than simply surviving in cages while being poked and prodded with whatever scientists fancy. I think it is depressing and sort of grotesque that I am using products that have been tested on animals that are even commonly bred as our pets. So, I began my research to find out what companies still test on animals, why they do so, and what other alternatives they could use in place of animal testing.
Animal testing has become extremely costly. Animal testing results are not quick, especially for cosmetics. When testing a product it needs to be continually applied to detect if it’s going to irritate the skin or eyes. This can take days or weeks. During this time you have to keep the animals alive long enough to see the result. Therefore also having to supply food and water costing even more $$$. For example the eye irritant test involving rabbits to see how a product or chemical will react on human eyes cost around 1,800$ while the alternative in vitro method only cost 1,400$. Not only is the alternative more accurate but its much more cost effective and over time those 400$ will add up. Another common example is the skin sensation test, which is where a product is placed on a shaved animals skin to see how it reacts. The cost for the animal test is 6,000$ and the alternative is only 3,000$. That is a lot of money that could be used to make the product better or for the company to keep.
Animal Cruelty In recent discussions of food practices, a controversial topic that is being argued is whether or not consuming animals as a source of food is morally correct. We seem to pass up the fact that that burger from McDonald’s and those chicken nuggets from Wendy’s came from a living and breathing animal, just as we are. As a society we never think about the animals lives that are being taken away. In order for us humans to consume the meat from these animals, they must be slaughtered first.
Animal welfare plays a big role on different areas; how to use animals humanely on laboratories, on animal industries and consumers, on the students especially in the world veterinary medicine and on the religious beliefs of different religions (Heleski, Mertig & Zanella, 2004). Animal Welfare The welfare of an animal can be measured by observing its state of coping with the environment. If an animal failures to cope, then it indicates a poor welfare. Welfare has many dimensions that need to be done in order to meet animal welfare (Broom, 1991; Botreau, Veissier, Bracke, Butterworth & Keeling, 2007). There are recognized ideal states of animal welfare given by the Farm Animal Welfare Council (UK), the “Five Freedoms”.