Pros And Cons Of Animal Biotechnology

Animal biotechnology is the use of science which involves a wide range of technologies for the improvement or modification genetic of domesticated animal species.Over the past 20 to 25 years, animal biotechnology has developed significantly and remarkably. In the early 1980s, the production of the genetically modified animals began and firstly the cloning technique is start with the experiment that carried out by the Steen Willadsen in the mid-1980 But, the cloning technology only widely knew by the public through the production of the cloned sheep, Dolly, 1996 that led by the Ian Wilmut. (Cohen, 1998)There are several common technologies for the animal biotechnology like technology creating transgenic animals, gene- knockout technology, and

Lower unit cost of production and considerable biodiversity are the advantages of livestock production in developing countries. The consumption of the livestock product in the developing countries creates new market for the local producer and exporter.
Application of animal biotechnology like genetic engineering and cloning may improve the production of milk and livestock production to meet the meat and milk consumption which has grown with the increase of the human population. (Murray &Anderson, 2000).As a result of the introduction of artificial insemination with frozen semen, the milk production increased 265% per cow after 40 years passed. Karugia et al. (2000) also analyzes the positive impact of crossbreeding zebu with temperate cattle breeds on the dairy improvement in

The new gene transfer technologies and genomics technologies lead to the diagnosis and breeding of disease-resistant animal which allow more productive and capable disease control. Besides, the genetic modified animal also provide model for the study of the disease control.

The somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning whichhas been carried out on the laboratory mice, now is commonly performed in many domesticated livestock, for example, goat, cattle and pigs, to allow the production of adult animal with superior performance.By using SCNT cloning technique, the healthy cloned cattle are able to conceive and having healthy calves. The fertility of the animals also increase by using the animal biotechnology (Lanza et al.2001)
Application of animal biotechnology can enhance the nutritional attributes of the animal products such as the production of low-cholesterol eggs, hypoallergenic milk, DHA/EPA rich dairy product or other value-added products. For instances, milk with a high fat and protein content that produced by the buffaloes can be used to produce the mozzarella