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Types of crime
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Property crime is a branch of criminal law that deals with damaging, destroying, and stealing of an individual’s tangible and intangible property. In specific, property crime mainly deals with fraud, arson, breaking and entering, possession of stolen goods, and various other types of theft. This particular case deals with fraud, which is defined as the deception or misguidance of an individual for criminal gain. The majority of fraud deals with credit scams or major stock market cons. For example, fraud is committed if an individual changes the monetary value of a cheque in order to obtain more cash without your knowledge. Prior to sentencing an individual on account of fraud, it is the sole duty of the prosecutor to prove the defendant understood his actions would inflict financial loss to others. After the prosecutor is able to prove the defendant’s intentions, the individual would be sentenced according to the guidelines listed below.
This particular case entails an Aurora couple that gleaned fees from penny stock investors through the use of the American Heritage Stock Transfer Inc. (Ontario). During May of 2009, Mr. Curry sent letters to potential investors advertising “unpaid dividend” and offered a chance to buy Nanotech stocks below market value; through the use of the America Heritage Stock Transfer. Furthermore, Curry traded stocks without being registered, prohibited representation, and illegally distributed securities. Although all major investors didn’t purchase fraudulent stocks, its is assumed that a large majority of unknowable families took the bait to buy these stocks. Currently, this penny stock scam has gathered an enormous $140 million dollars from investors. On the other hand, after an investigation by Ont...
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...rsonal criminal gains through property loss. An example of fraud is writing a cheque that contains a value of money that you knowingly understand is not in your bank account. The second key word is theft, which is the stealing of tangible or intangible property from others without consent. For instance, Mr. Curry had committed theft for stealing money from families without providing legitimate stocks in return. The last key word is property crime, which refers to a category of crime that involves the taking of money and/or property without consent, but without the use of physical force. Examples of types of property crime include: arson, fraud, possession of stolen goods, breaking and entering, and various other types of theft.
Works Cited
Acharya, Madhavi, and Tom Yew. "OSC sanctions Aurora pair for fraud scheme ." Toronto Star [Toronto] 24 DEC 2013, B2. Print.
Fraud is one of Canada's most severe acts of financial criminality as the economic impact of this crime could potentially handicap an entire society. According to the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre Annual Statistic Report (CAFC), a report established to monitor fraud with the aid of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), and Competition Bureau of Canada, it reported an annual loss of 74 million dollars affecting over 14,472 victims (Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre, 2014). Given this alarming statistic, it is worrisome that we as a society still ignore or turn a blind eye towards those who commit fraud as seen in the low conviction (Canada Revenue Agency, 2014), and focus our efforts on petty thefts as seen with the high rate of convictions
Weld, L. G., Bergevin, P. M., & Magrath, L. (2004). Anatomy of a financial fraud. The CPA
“Bernie Madoff began investing in penny stocks in 1960, and due to his impressive work ethic, received several big breaks. The first of which was his father in-law loaning him $50,000 to invest, and soon after, Carl Shapiro, a man who made his fortune in women’s clothing gave Madoff $100,000 to invest on his behalf” (Collins 2011). With this kick-start, Bernie quickly began making a name for him, especially as he promised clients a guaranteed 20% annual return on investment. This, coupled with his firm’s adoption of the latest technology made them a tour-de-force in the investment world. But what makes his eventual downfall more interesting is that he was not just a crook, Madoff did manage a successful, and legitimate brokerage firm. To some extent, the credibility he earned from these legitimate busines...
This paper will provide an explanation into how differential association theory explains burglary. Burglary, according to the Federal Bureau of Investigations (F.B.I), considers a property crime a Type 1 Index Crime because of its potentially violent nature. The F.B.I. breaks burglary down into three sub classifications. This paper discusses the elements of the crime of burglary and what constitutes a structure or dwelling. It will discuss a brief history of the deviance, trends and rates, and how it correlates to the specific theory that this paper will also discuss.
There are many different meanings of crime and many different reasons people commit crimes. In the United States, defense lawyers try to prove their clients did not know what they were doing when they committed the crime and the prosecution tries to prove the defendant did know what they were doing when they committed the crime. However, the prosecution must have the elements of a crime, which means state of facts to prove someone guilty. The prosecution lawyers and the defense lawyers use elements of a crime for the defendant. The following are examples of elements of a crime: mens rea, autus reus, concurrence of actus renus and mens rea. All of these can be used as elements of a crime.
Throughout history there have been many white collar crimes. These crimes are defined as non-violent and financial-based crimes that are full ranges of fraud committed by business and government professionals. These crimes are not victimless nor unnoticed. A single scandal can destroy a company and can lose investors millions of dollars. Today, fraud schemes are more sophisticated than ever, and through studying: Enron, LIBOR, Albert Wiggan and Chase National Bank, Lehman Brothers and Madoff, we find how the culprits started there deception, the aftermath of the scandal and what our country has done to prevent future scandals.
Madura, Jeff. What Every Investor Needs to Know About Accounting Fraud. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2004. 1-156
Examples of Indictable Crime today and then are the murder, armed robbery, larceny, fraud, and finally Rape. The next type of crime is a Summary crime. Summary Crimes are crimes that are less than a felony and would usually lead to a short term imprisonment. Examples of this type of crime then are Vagabonds wandering around without a job. Summary Crimes then that are considered Summary crimes now are poaching of animal when not in season or on private property, Petty theft which is a lesser version of theft, and finally vandalism (Mitchell).
White collar crimes all typically involve crime committed through deceit and motivated by financial gain. The term "white-collar crime" was first used by the American criminologist Edwin H. Sutherland to define a violation of the criminal law committed by "a person of respectability and high social status in the course of his [or her] occupation" (White Collar Crime, 1949). The most common white collar crimes are various types of fraud, embezzlement, tax evasion and money laundering. There are many theories that can explain criminal behavior. The three theories we are looking to to explain white collar crimes are The Social Disorganization Theory, The Control Theory, and the Strain Theory.
This case was very interesting and I am really glad I chose it for my paper. Its amazing to me how one man with the right connections and social standing can get away with so much for so long. Nobody ever suspected him because he was the father of the NASDAQ, he couldn’t scam people for billions of dollars. And not just any random people, Mad off targeted his own people, the Jews and groups affiliated with him. He was very picky and pretended like he didn’t want to let anyone in on what he was doing which in turn made more people want to get involved and give him even more money, that’s just human
The media is a dominating aspect of American culture. The way the media depicts crime and criminal behavior has an effect on the way society views crime and criminals. Television series such as CSI, NCIS, Law and Order, Criminal Minds and countless others, have become very popular in our society today showing that our culture has an immense interest in crime. It is clear that there is a fascination with criminals and why they do the things they do. To analyze the way crime dramas represent crime and criminal behavior, I completed a content analysis of one episode of Criminal Minds. The episode I chose was season one; episode eight, which first aired in 2005, titled ‘Natural Born Killer’.
Property Crime can be defined as the unauthorized taking or damaging of an individual’s personal belongings. This is not limited to robbery of any kind, fraud, or even arson, but all of these crimes have several coinciding traits that group them under this term. While property crimes are meant to take something that is not ours and use it for our own advantage, violent crimes are used to harm or even kill another rather than using for ones self. This includes hate crimes, murder, rape, and abuse. Hate Crimes are unique because they usually target someone who’s different than the race or sex of that individual committing the offense whereas murder and assault are not always gender or race defined. Therefore, property and violent crimes are influenced by social inequalities that are caused by gender, race, income and age; thus why the legal definition of crime cannot cover all possible scenarios without taking each individual case and studying social behaviors in these of why or what was the cause of the crime committed.
Since the beginning time people have been committing crimes against each other, resulting in using the crime property damage, as a retaliation or lesson towards people in America. There are three elements of property damage, which conclude Burglary, Theft and Lastly Arson. These elements of crimes against properties can be justified in the court of law and several statues created to enforce the order of The United States of America. Burglary it is considered to be a property crime that involves breaking and entering into a public establishment or residence with purpose or intent of stealing. According to a Poll survey in 2011 50% of burglaries were not reported, due to the low solvability rates.
Burglary is typically recognized, from a legal perspective, as the unauthorized entry into any type of structure. A common misconception is that the crime of burglary is specific to breaking into a home or business; however, this is not the case. Moreover, for a burglary to occur there is no need for a physical breaking and entering, in fact, a burglary can be committed by an individual simply trespassing and walking into a structure through an open door. “Most states and the Model Penal Code use the same basic definition of burglary and incorporate the same three basic elements of which include the unauthorized breaking and entry into a building or occupied structure with the intent to commit a crime inside” (Reuters, 2013).
In this crime news analysis I will be focusing on the right wing tabloid newspaper ‘The Sun’ and the left wing broadsheet ‘The Guardian.’ I will be analysing the article of the student riots in both newspapers, and seeing whether there are similarities or differences in the way in which the event is presented. The incident occurred when a demonstration against higher tuitions fees got out of hand whereby some protesters used violent tactics to voice their opinions.