Wait a second!
More handpicked essays just for you.
More handpicked essays just for you.
A quantitative study of the success of phonemic awareness
Don’t take our word for it - see why 10 million students trust us with their essay needs.
This chapter summarizes the current study and presents its conclusions and recommendations. The chapter begins with summarizing the results of the study, and then it presents some pedagogical recommendations for teachers. Finally, the suggestions for further research are provided. 5.1 Summary and Conclusions of the study English pronunciation is very important for ESL/EFL learners to improve their communication efficiency (Ahmad, 2011). Kharma and Hajjaj (1989) believed that it is essential for a L2 learner to become familiar with the L2 consonant system as their inability to produce the correct phonetic realization of a consonant phoneme may result in misunderstanding in oral communication or identified as a foreign accent. The current study …show more content…
Elements that are absent in students' L1 will be the most difficult part that require more emphasis. Accordingly, teachers have to start with phonemes and syllable patterns in the students' L1 then introduce the ones present only in L2 and make a comparison between them in order to reduce the number of predicted errors. - Learners should be given a basic knowledge of phonetics and phonology of both Arabic and English. - Teachers should carefully listen to students while speaking or reading and be aware of the common pronunciation problems they have in order to offer solutions and develop appropriate strategies that address the difficult sounds and thus reduce these difficulties. - As it is important to place strong emphasis on listening as a way into releasing appropriate pronunciation of English consonants and consonant clusters, teachers should have their students listen to proper pronunciation from authentic materials by making use of technology like recorded texts, electronic dictionaries that have vocal pronunciation of words, educational videos on You Tube, ESL applications and consequently have adequate input of
Six principles for early reading instruction by Bonnie Grossen will be strongly enforced. It includes Phonemic awareness, each letter-Phonemic relationship explicitly, high regular letter-sound relationship systematically, showing exactly how to sound out words, connected decodable text to practice the letter phonemic relationships and using interesting stories to develop language comprehension. Double deficit hypothesis which focuses on phonological awareness and rapid naming speed.
Spanish and English share a similar alphabet, with the Spanish sound system being more concise. Many differences are revealed when comparing the phonologies of the two languages. These differences will influence the speech of Spanish speakers learning English. Speakers may transfer their knowledge of Spanish to English. Understanding these differences is important to the speech-language pathologist in order to realize why some English sounds are more difficult for the Spanish speaker to produce than others (Gorman & Kester, 2001).
The Framework states that a typical lesson will consist of oral work and mental calculation with the whole class for the first five to ten minutes of the lesson. This is seen as a warm up to motivate the children to practice and sharpen mental and oral skills, in preparation for the main teaching activity. It is suggested that the teacher should maintain a brisk pace, providing varied oral and mental activities throughout each week. Teachers should ensure that each child can see the teacher easily and interruptions should be avoided, encouraging all pupils to participate in the discussion. Teachers should avoid running over time, in order to move on to the next stage of the lesson.
Every time my parents read to me, I tried to say the words along with them. As a result, anytime I had problems pronouncing a word, my mother made me sound the word out until I sounded it correctly. She told me to take each word, syllable by syllable.
Ten Minutes: Then students will be given a piece of paper with ten pictures include a moon, rock, snake, banana, bat, rat, spoon, map, milk, and ring. Under each picture there will be a blank that needs to be filled in. The students will be asked to find the first consonant sound for each picture. This will be the assessment, which will gauge whether students learned the material.
The Institute of Literacy, Bursuck & Damer, Shapiro & Solity all concur that teaching phonemic awareness in a whole group setting is beneficial. To increase success, the authors established a need for extra support and differentiation lesson is also needed with the whole group. According to Shapiro, Solity (2008) Bursuck and Damer using whole group instruction “was beneficial if the teacher also used differentiated learning.” Along with whole group instruction, students would receive differentiated activities; students at a “lower reading achievement would be given more practice on the previously learned material, while higher achievement students would receive an opportunity to progress in new vocabulary or material” (p. 614). To support struggling students, Bursuck & Damer (2011) set up a similar system of a three-tier instruction where students receive extra support, depending on the students needs, in the company of the whole class instruct...
Novin, A., Arjomand, L. and Jourdan, L. Teaching & Learning, Fall 2003, Volume 18, Number 1, pp. 24-31. Available from : http://www.und.nodak.edu/dept/ehd/journal/Fall2003/novin.pdf [ Accessed 2nd December
New languages are always overwhelming.English is difficult language to learn, especially if it isn’t practiced often. The english language includes rules that can be frustrating to get a grip of. Many International students face the fear of not being understood or not pronouncing something correct...
On the other hand, teachers prefer using L1 for a more effective approach to teaching grammar and checking students’ understanding. Macaro (1997) commented that teachers often lack enthusiasm in using the target language for grammar explanation. Many students have difficulty in learning grammar, especially for those whose L1 system is entirely different from the TL. L1 can be more efficient, particularly when a teacher wants to discuss the learning contract with students, or tries to explore the needs of his/her students, especially those in the lower level (Harmer, 2007). Evidence provided by Harmer (2007) also indicates that the classroom environment can be enhanced through the use of L1 to establish a positive social relationship with students, which ultimately leads to a more effective teaching process.
...ponent. The core of this difference seem to centre around how children should be helped to read words not in their sight vocabularies, with parents highly valuing the use of word phonetics and teachers highly valuing the use of context. There were no limitations and future research noted in this study.
This study aims at finding the reasons that why and how Saraiki Language, being spoken in the city of Mianwali, is influencing the learning of English pronunciation as it is the most important element of any language in verbal form. This study also investigates the effects of mother language Saraiki with reference to vowel and sentence stress on English pronunciation. The study was delimited to college students of Mianwali studying both in Public and Private educational institutions and university regardless of age and gender. The population of the study consisted of 70 students and 30 teachers of
...pter covered the problem statement,research questions, aim and sub objectives, scope, and contribution this study for student itself, teacher and community especially in education area.
It is commonly assumed that where there are differences between L1 and L2, the learner's L1 will probably interfere with the L2 (negative language transfer), whereas, when L1 and L2 are similar, the L2 will assist the L2 learning (positive language transfer) (Ellis, 1994). Therefore, we tend to believe that most of the errors are account of negative transfer. This is partly true according to many empirical studies of errors which have showed that many errors are common to different linguistic backgrounds. The L1 is, therefore, one of various sources of errors, and there might be other reasons which should be considered (Krashen, 1988).
By assuming that students will learn proper communication skills without guidance is a big mistake. Individuals should begin learning basic communication skills at birth and continue learning throughout their educational experience. There are, of course, many types of communication. We use verbal communication, non-verbal communication, written communication and many different forms of. Additionally, communication plays an important role in the process of conveying knowledge as well. Communication is instrumental in education since it helps the instructor and the students to work together with each other. Communication is the most important component of any society. In order, to communicate properly we need correct pronunciation, because pronunciation affects how we understand the meaning of the words. If the sound of a word is different it could lead the listener to believe that the word has a different meaning, and if this happens, it is very obvious that it is a form of improper communication. This may lead to a lot of misinterpretations. To avoid these kinds of problems we need to teach accurate pronunciation. English, in schools, is a very important subject for teaching proper...
One of the more popular areas of psychology is Educational Psychology. Educational Psychology can be explained several ways. The idea is to study theories and concepts from different parts of psychology and apply them in educational settings. These educational settings may occur in different school settings such as preschool. The goal of educational psychology is to create a positive student-teacher relationship. Educational psychology uses five different types of psychology, behavioral, cognitive, developmental, and social cognitive, and constructivist in this research paper I will be briefly discussing each type of psychology listed above.