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Background Of Multinational Corporations
Case study of procter & Gamble business strategy
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Procter & Gamble started as a small soap and candle company in 1937. Since that time, Procter & Gamble (P&G) has grown to be a global leader in the manufacturing and selling of household products. Over the years, P&G has been instrumental in the innovation of common corporate practices, such as employee profit-sharing programs, market research, and brand-management systems. The multinational corporation sells its products (at least 250 household products) through a well-structured system of mass merchandisers, grocery stores, department e-commerce, and other specialty stores, like beauty or baby stores, in more than 170 nations across the globe (Frank, 2017). Procter & Gamble business segments include the following categories; laundry (fabric)
The company has undergone significant strategic transformations in the last 20 years. Among the most notable is the acquisition strategy, which led to the 57 billion dollar acquisition of the wet shaving industry giant, Gillette. The company’s control has been referred to its competitive advantage that is drawn from its premium-based differentiation strategy of creating high-value products (Kalogeropoulos, 2017). As such, a review of the stock prices for Procter & Gamble indicates that in start the company have been demonstrating an upward trend. For instance, stock prices for P&G were at an approximated average of $82 in 2014, and $75 in 2015 and $85 in 2016. The current stock price is at $94.17 and the market capitalization is $240.72
Among all these, P&G investors are losing patience and calling for a strategic restructuring to stimulate sales growth.
The five forces analysis by Michael Porter
Porter’s is a tool for evaluating, and estimating the competitive advantage and business situation of a corporate entity. Mainly, five forces analysis identifies the business strengths of an organization, pointing weaknesses and avoiding mistakes. Components of the five forces analysis include the supplier power, buyer power, competitive rivalry, threat of substitution, and the threat of new entry. In this case, the most important forces that can potentially impact P&G’s profitability growth is competitive rivalry and the threat of new entrants in the market. The force with the strongest intensity is a competitive rivalry, due to the massive number of companies operating in the industry. The low cost of switching from one brand to another increases the force of competition. For instance, consumers can move from using P&G’s Crest toothpaste to CL’s Colgate with minimal
orter’s five forces In determining the competitive intensity and attractiveness of the market, Porter’s five forces is a framework that would help analyze the manufacturing industry of Lincoln Electric and observe the external and internal environmental factors that influence business strategy development for companies within the industry. The five forces are assumed to determine competitive power in a business situation in which these five forces are Supplier Power, Bargaining Power, Competitive Rivalry, Threat of Substitution, and Threat of New Entry. These industries possess characteristics that protect the high profitability of firms, with that said, the threat of entrants within this market is relatively low. This makes entering the market difficult for new startup companies due to the high levels of entry barriers.
Through the illustrations of the using of different P&G goods worldwide in a daily basis, the commercial is able to persuade the audience that it is a leading global company that makes little but crucial things. By suggesting hard working, failures, and the support of mom can make an irreplaceable difference to one’s life, P&G added value to its brands. Although everyone has different background and experiences, the mother-child relationship is one of the purest and most natural relationships in the universe. This commercial breaks the barriers and impresses extensive customers by bonding this common emotion with
The Procter and Gamble Company. (2013, November 17). Company Strategy. Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.pginvestor.com: http://www.pginvestor.com/GenPage.aspx?IID=4004124&GKP=208821
The 5-Force Industry Analysis first introduced by Michel Porter, Harvard Business School professor, a quarter-century ago. This theory examines the suppliers, buyers, product substitutes, existing firms’ rivalry and new entrants in a firm’s product market.
P&G was founded in 1837 by William Procter and James Gamble as a maker of soaps and candles. P&G was known in Corporate America as a company to be admired and imitated. In addition, it was envied for its profitability as well as strong brand name. P&G has a long standing reputation as having life long employees. This dedication and loyalty by P&G's employees created the notion that outside sources were unwelcome and all products and ideas must come from within, however, this is not the way of the future.
Proctor and Gamble was founded in Cincinnati, OH, by William Proctor and James Gamble in 1837. Initially the company was started to compete with the 14 other soap and candle makers already established in Cincinnati, but around the end of the century, Proctor and Gamble dropped candle manufacturing altogether to focus on soap production. By 1890, Proctor and Gamble had increased their production to over 30 different types of soap.
1. How did L’Oreal become the world’s largest beauty company? What was the role of acquisitions in this growth?
Grand Metropolitan PLC is the world’s largest wine and spirits seller. It mainly operated in London, USA. In 1991, it beats market expectation with a 4.8% increase in pretax profits, and the company Chairman stated that company’s goal “to constantly improve on”. Despite the great performance in the world recession in 1991, the price of GrandMet shares was 10% below the average price/earnings ratio of the companies in the Standard & Poor’s 500 index. And more important, rumors had that GrandMet, valued at more than $14 billion in the stock market, maybe a takeover target. The management dilemma is to understand why the company’s stock is traded below of what considered being the right price and whether the company is truly being undervalued by the market or there are consistent issues with negative NPV projects and lines of businesses.
P&G is an international and famous consumer goods founded in United States by Williams Procter and James Gamble both from the United Kingdom since 1837 about 177 years ago. P&G manufactures diversified range of product such as personal care, cleaning items, beauty product, pets food, drugs, & other beverages. Their products are sold in more than 180 countries around the world through grocery and departmental stores and retailers. They are also among the world’s most profitable consumer product company, with highest amount of sales. Their products are recognized in most part of the world. Their company have an organizational strategy to touch the live of its employees which is the major strength and competitive advantage of the company.
Pfizer Inc. is a large pharmaceutical company that engages in the discovery of new technologies, the manufacture of prescription and "over the counter" (OTC) medicines, as well as the marketing of such products. It operates in three distinct segments that include Human Health, Consumer Healthcare, and Animal Health. For fiscal year 2004, the company generated approximately $53 billion in revenue that contributed to over $11 billion in net income.(Pfizer, 2004)
In 1837, James Gamble and William Procter, formerly of the UK, started a family-run soap and candle company after they married sisters. The company they formed so long ago grew to be an American multinational consumer goods company. This company is Procter & Gamble Co, better known as P&G.Its headquarters is located in Downtown Cincinnati, Ohio. Although it started out as a candle and soap manufacturer, today it offers a wide range of products in fabric and home care, health and grooming, beauty and baby, feminine and family care. Currently, P&G has 47 brands in its portfolio, 23 of which are worth a billion dollars and more and 14 which are worth about half a billion to a billion. Its slogan “Touching lives, improving life.” is a
P&G also entered into the Singapore manufacturing industry through a Greenfield venture. The 6,500-sq.-meter-fragrance manufacturing plant was built within a seven month period and it was a multi-million dollar project for P&G (Moneycontrol.com, 2008). This wholly owned subsidiary allows the company to have control over their intellectual property concerning how to manufacture perfumes for their cleaning products and bathing products. According to Proctor and Gamble’s Group President of Asia, Deb Henretta, Singapore was a natural choice to build a perfume plant, since the country focuses on creating an innovative business-friendly environment that is supported with a strong infrastructure (Economic Development Board, 2008).
Once America’s most innovative consumer products company, Procter and Gamble (P&G) started by selling soaps and candles in a small Cincinnati storefront in 1837 (Procter and Gamble, 2008). After a hundred and seventy-one years P&G has grown to over one hundred household brands in over eighty countries (Markels 2006). Their products range from air fresheners to prescription drugs. However, as P&G headed into the twenty-first century they announced that they would not be meeting their 1st quarter earnings forecast [Lafley, 2003]. Revenue margins were dropping and P&G was quickly losing market share to Kimberly Clark and Johnson & Johnson. After missed earnings P&G’s stock price fell from $59.18 to $26.50 between January 2000 and March 2000 (PG). Upset, the board of directors pressured then CEO Durk Jager to resign after a lack luster attempt at turning P&G around and replaced him A.G Lafley, an unproven CEO, whom analysts felt lacked the experience to give P&G a much needed clean up (Lafley, 2003).
In 1991, CP launched new products in the U.S market CP and held 43% of the world toothpaste market and 16% of the world toothbrush market. Other oral care products included dental floss and mouth rinses. In 1991, worldwide sales of CP's oral care products increased 12% to $1.3 billion, accounting for 22% of CP's total sales.
Unilever has more than 400 brands, 14 of which create sales in additional of 1 billion pounds a year. Almost all those brands have time-honored, strong collective operations, which includes Lifebuoy’s drive to promote hygiene through hand washing with soap, and Dove’s crusade for existent beauty. (Unilever, 2014)