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Background Of Multinational Corporations
Case study of procter & Gamble business strategy
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Procter & Gamble started as a small soap and candle company in 1937. Since that time, Procter & Gamble (P&G) has grown to be a global leader in the manufacturing and selling of household products. Over the years, P&G has been instrumental in the innovation of common corporate practices, such as employee profit-sharing programs, market research, and brand-management systems. The multinational corporation sells its products (at least 250 household products) through a well-structured system of mass merchandisers, grocery stores, department e-commerce, and other specialty stores, like beauty or baby stores, in more than 170 nations across the globe (Frank, 2017). Procter & Gamble business segments include the following categories; laundry (fabric)
The company has undergone significant strategic transformations in the last 20 years. Among the most notable is the acquisition strategy, which led to the 57 billion dollar acquisition of the wet shaving industry giant, Gillette. The company’s control has been referred to its competitive advantage that is drawn from its premium-based differentiation strategy of creating high-value products (Kalogeropoulos, 2017). As such, a review of the stock prices for Procter & Gamble indicates that in start the company have been demonstrating an upward trend. For instance, stock prices for P&G were at an approximated average of $82 in 2014, and $75 in 2015 and $85 in 2016. The current stock price is at $94.17 and the market capitalization is $240.72
Among all these, P&G investors are losing patience and calling for a strategic restructuring to stimulate sales growth.
The five forces analysis by Michael Porter
Porter’s is a tool for evaluating, and estimating the competitive advantage and business situation of a corporate entity. Mainly, five forces analysis identifies the business strengths of an organization, pointing weaknesses and avoiding mistakes. Components of the five forces analysis include the supplier power, buyer power, competitive rivalry, threat of substitution, and the threat of new entry. In this case, the most important forces that can potentially impact P&G’s profitability growth is competitive rivalry and the threat of new entrants in the market. The force with the strongest intensity is a competitive rivalry, due to the massive number of companies operating in the industry. The low cost of switching from one brand to another increases the force of competition. For instance, consumers can move from using P&G’s Crest toothpaste to CL’s Colgate with minimal
Grand Metropolitan PLC is the world’s largest wine and spirits seller. It mainly operated in London, USA. In 1991, it beats market expectation with a 4.8% increase in pretax profits, and the company Chairman stated that company’s goal “to constantly improve on”. Despite the great performance in the world recession in 1991, the price of GrandMet shares was 10% below the average price/earnings ratio of the companies in the Standard & Poor’s 500 index. And more important, rumors had that GrandMet, valued at more than $14 billion in the stock market, maybe a takeover target. The management dilemma is to understand why the company’s stock is traded below of what considered being the right price and whether the company is truly being undervalued by the market or there are consistent issues with negative NPV projects and lines of businesses.
The Procter and Gamble Company. (2013, November 17). Company Strategy. Retrieved March 22, 2014, from http://www.pginvestor.com: http://www.pginvestor.com/GenPage.aspx?IID=4004124&GKP=208821
Although Lafley has had success, the underlying problem remains. How will Lafley return P&G to its rightful place in Corporate America? P&G's solution to its problems is through product line extensions, expansion into non-premium brands, as well as acquisitions, licensing, reinforcing market orientation through consumer focus, and outsourcing. This recommendation was based on following items;
The 5-Force Industry Analysis first introduced by Michel Porter, Harvard Business School professor, a quarter-century ago. This theory examines the suppliers, buyers, product substitutes, existing firms’ rivalry and new entrants in a firm’s product market.
Procter and Gamble (P&G) and Colgate-Palmolive (C-P) are two of the largest consumer goods company in the world and have been in the industry since the 80s. The companies manufacture and market fast moving consumer goods (FMCG) such as household products, personal care and hygiene, targeting at various segments of consumers. Among the brands carried by P&G are Downy, Olay, Tide, Clairol and Bounty. Popular brands under C-P are Palmolive, Kleenex, and Colgate.
orter’s five forces In determining the competitive intensity and attractiveness of the market, Porter’s five forces is a framework that would help analyze the manufacturing industry of Lincoln Electric and observe the external and internal environmental factors that influence business strategy development for companies within the industry. The five forces are assumed to determine competitive power in a business situation in which these five forces are Supplier Power, Bargaining Power, Competitive Rivalry, Threat of Substitution, and Threat of New Entry. These industries possess characteristics that protect the high profitability of firms, with that said, the threat of entrants within this market is relatively low. This makes entering the market difficult for new startup companies due to the high levels of entry barriers.
Pfizer is the largest American pharmaceutical company and one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world. It competes with Merck and Glaxo, and markets such well-known medications as Celebrex and Viagra. However, the pharmaceutical industry as a whole has undergone changes in recent years with significant consolidation taking place and with increased scrutiny regarding the ways in which drugs are developed, tested and marketed. In addition, recent controversies have erupted regarding Merck's drug Vioxx, and Pfizer has been the target of unwanted publicity regarding its painkiller Celebrex. This research considers the strategic position of Pfizer, including its strengths and weaknesses as well as the opportunities and threats that it faces, its strategic priorities and the acquisition strategy that it might follow.
1. How did L’Oreal become the world’s largest beauty company? What was the role of acquisitions in this growth?
Through the illustrations of the using of different P&G goods worldwide in a daily basis, the commercial is able to persuade the audience that it is a leading global company that makes little but crucial things. By suggesting hard working, failures, and the support of mom can make an irreplaceable difference to one’s life, P&G added value to its brands. Although everyone has different background and experiences, the mother-child relationship is one of the purest and most natural relationships in the universe. This commercial breaks the barriers and impresses extensive customers by bonding this common emotion with
In 1991, CP launched new products in the U.S market CP and held 43% of the world toothpaste market and 16% of the world toothbrush market. Other oral care products included dental floss and mouth rinses. In 1991, worldwide sales of CP's oral care products increased 12% to $1.3 billion, accounting for 22% of CP's total sales.
Pfizer Inc. is a large pharmaceutical company that engages in the discovery of new technologies, the manufacture of prescription and "over the counter" (OTC) medicines, as well as the marketing of such products. It operates in three distinct segments that include Human Health, Consumer Healthcare, and Animal Health. For fiscal year 2004, the company generated approximately $53 billion in revenue that contributed to over $11 billion in net income.(Pfizer, 2004)
Procter & Gamble looks to capitalize on its core competencies to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals. So far, P&G has demonstrated its competencies in: Consumer Understanding, Innovation, Brand-Building, Go-to Market Capabilities and Scale.
Once America’s most innovative consumer products company, Procter and Gamble (P&G) started by selling soaps and candles in a small Cincinnati storefront in 1837 (Procter and Gamble, 2008). After a hundred and seventy-one years P&G has grown to over one hundred household brands in over eighty countries (Markels 2006). Their products range from air fresheners to prescription drugs. However, as P&G headed into the twenty-first century they announced that they would not be meeting their 1st quarter earnings forecast [Lafley, 2003]. Revenue margins were dropping and P&G was quickly losing market share to Kimberly Clark and Johnson & Johnson. After missed earnings P&G’s stock price fell from $59.18 to $26.50 between January 2000 and March 2000 (PG). Upset, the board of directors pressured then CEO Durk Jager to resign after a lack luster attempt at turning P&G around and replaced him A.G Lafley, an unproven CEO, whom analysts felt lacked the experience to give P&G a much needed clean up (Lafley, 2003).
Colgate is a high ranked oral hygiene company that produces toothpastes, mouthwashes, toothbrushes and dental floss that was founded in 1807 by William Colgate in New York City. In 1820, Colgate built their first starch factory in New Jersey. Years later, in 1857, the founder William Colgate death resulted in the company being passed down to his son Samuel Colgate. In 1864, Colgate collaborated with B.J. Johnson who founded the Palmolive Company. The Colgate-Palmolive Company began having much success in the late 1800’s with all of their new products such as hand soaps and the many different appearances of toothpaste from glass jars to collapsible tubes. In 1900, Colgate won top honors in Paris at the World’s Fair for their soaps and perfumes. Colgate was very successful internationally that they came established in Europe, Canada, Asia, Latin America, and Africa. After so many accomplishments internationally and locally, “Colgate-Palmolive Company” was officially the company’s name in 1953. By the late 1900’s, Colgate sold over 1.6 million toothbrushes annually and was serving over 56 countries and hits the $5 billion mark in sales. The company began initiating an Oral Care program after collaborating up Kolynos in Latin America. The oral care program, which is called Bright Smiles, Bright Futures that is established to 50 countries and serves over 50 million children a year. Today, the CEO of Colgate is Ian M. Cook & Colgate’s focuses are Oral Care, Personal Care, Pet Nutrition, and Home Care and provides in over 200 countries and have numerous awards including 2013 World’s Most Ethical Companies from Ethisphere Magazine. In my research, based on preliminary information, I will find evidence that will attempt to pro...
Unilever has more than 400 brands, 14 of which create sales in additional of 1 billion pounds a year. Almost all those brands have time-honored, strong collective operations, which includes Lifebuoy’s drive to promote hygiene through hand washing with soap, and Dove’s crusade for existent beauty. (Unilever, 2014)