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The effects of prisoner in solitary confinement
The effects of prisoner in solitary confinement
The positive impact of solitary confinement
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President Barack Obama’s (2015) speech at the NAACP National Convention, addressed the policy issue of solitary confinement. President Obama asked Attorney General Loretta Lynch to evaluate “the overuse of solitary confinement across American prisons.” The purpose of the review is not limited to understanding how, when and why correctional facilities practice solitary confinement, but also to develop strategies for reducing the use of the practice throughout the nation’s criminal justice system. The published Department of Justice report (2016) provides recommendations and Guiding Principles on the use of solitary confinement policy reforms on Federal, State and Local levels.
Solitary Confinement is a type of isolation in prison which a prisoner is segregated from the general population of the prison and any human contact besides the prison employees. These prisons are separated from the general population to protect others and themselves from hurting anyone in the prison. These prisoners are deprived of social interaction, treatments, psychologist, family visits, education, job training, work, religious programming and many other services prisoners might need during the sentence of their imprisonment. There are roughly 80,000 prisoners in solitary confinement but 25,000 are in long term and supermax prisons. According to the Constitution, “The Eighth Amendment [...] prohibits the federal government from imposing excessive bail, excessive fines, or cruel and unusual punishment”(US Const. amend. VIII). Solitary confinement is suppose to be the last straw for inmates to be in. If they don 't follow it, they can be on death row. Taxpayers pay roughly $75,000 to $85,000 to keep prisoners in solitary confinement. That is 3 times higher than the normal prisons that taxpayers pay for them to be in prison. Solitary confinement was established in 1829 in Philadelphia for experimentation because officials believed it was a way for
Solitary confinement has the ability to shatter even the healthiest mind when subjected to indefinite lockdown, yet the mentally ill, who are disproportionately represented in the overall prison population, make up the majority of inmates who are held in that indefinite lockdown. Within your average supermax prison in which all inmates are subjected to an elevated form of solitary confinement, inmates face a 23-hour lockdown, little to no form of mental or physical stimulation that is topped off with no human interaction beyond the occasional guard to inmate contact. It is no wonder ‘torture’ is often used synonymously to describe solitary confinement. For years, cases arguing against solitary confinement have contested against its inhumane
Many people have tried to stop the use of solitary confinement by calling it “Cruel and Unusual Punishment. (Holt vs. Sarver, 1969).” People also say that it is a direct violation of our eighth amendment rights. The definition of cruel and unusual punishment is as follows: “Such punishment as would amount to torture or barbarity, any cruel and degrading punishment not known to the Common Law, or any fine, penalty, confinement, or treatment that is so disproportionate to the offense as to shock the moral sense of the community. (Farflex Inc., 2011).” Studies show that solitary confinement can alter the mental state of a prisoner so far that it is detrimental to his or her health; I see no reason why this cannot be classified as cruel and unusual punishment. In an experiment conducted by the BBC’s Horizon group, they studied the effects ...
Since the early 1800s, the United States has relied on a method of punishment barely known to any other country, solitary confinement (Cole). Despite this method once being thought of as the breakthrough in the prison system, history has proved differently. Solitary confinement was once used in a short period of time to fix a prisoners behavior, but is now used as a long term method that shows to prove absolutely nothing. Spending 22-24 hours a day in a small room containing practically nothing has proved to fix nothing in a person except further insanity. One cannot rid himself of insanity in a room that causes them to go insane. Solitary confinement is a flawed and unnecessary method of punishment that should be prohibited in the prison system.
Juvenile solitary confinement is a way to punish poor behavior in the United States juvenile prison system. However, after long-term negative side effects that isolation can cause in teens, the general public has been in support of isolation alternatives. In this paper, I will be discussing the state by state solitary confinement rules and regulations, how rehabilitation and therapeutic services can be a healthy option as an alternative to confinement, and how our nation’s youth don’t always have to feel that segregation is the only form of discipline. A lot of modern alternatives to juvenile solitary confinement would be preferable, if not more acceptable, to the general public. This idea of solitary confinement started back in the 1800’s where men were put in a small, quiet place to repent and find God.
Prisons and correctional facilities in the United States have changed from rehabilitating people to housing inmates and creating breeding grounds for more violence. Many local, state, and federal prisons and correctional facilities are becoming more and more overcrowded each year. If the Department of Corrections (DOC) wants to stop having repeat offenders and decrease the volume of inmates entering the criminal justice system, current regulations and programs need to undergo alteration. Actions pushed by attorneys and judges, in conjunction current prison life (including solitary confinement), have intertwined to result in mass incarceration. However, prisoner reentry programs haven’t fully impacted positively to help the inmate assimilate back into society. These alterations can help save the Department of Corrections (DOC) money, decrease the inmate population, and most of all, help rehabilitate them. After inmates are charged with a crime, they go through the judicial system (Due Process) and meet with the prosecutor to discuss sentencing.
Metzner, J. L., & Fellner, J. (2010). Solitary Confinement and Mental Illness in U.S. Prisons: A Challenge for Medical Ethics. The Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law, 38(1), 104-108.
The study continues on to explain further ramifications, such as, physical effects. This shows some of the devastating effects the practice of administrative segregation has on inmates’ mental and physical well-being. Often, it is the mentally ill that are unfairly subject to this practice. “Mentally ill inmates may find themselves inappropriately placed in administrative segregation because of a lack of other suitable placements, protective custody reasons, or disruptive behavior related to their mental illness.” (O 'Keefe 125). Instead of providing safety to inmates and staff as the prison system claims administrative segregation is for, its main objective is social isolation. Which is one of the harmful elements of AS that makes it torture. Additionally, an annual report from the Canadian Government’s Office of the Correctional Investigator’s states, “close to one-third of reported self-injury incidents occurred in (federal prisons) segregation units”. Therefore, one can infer that the negative effects of AS are contradictory to providing safety to inmates. UN Special Rapporteur on Torture Juan Mendéz proposed administrative segregation should be banned as the “isolation of inmates amounted to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment or – in more severe cases – to torture.” The ramifications of administrative segregation amount to what is defined as torture by lawyer and human rights Juan Mendéz. Administrative segregation is an unconstitutional treatment of inmates and does not constitute the values of our society, or the dignity and humanity of all people. Which is contradictory to rehabilitating a person to be physically, socially and mentally restored for reintroduction into society. Its use in Canada’s prison system is unjustified, unethical, and ultimately,
The past two decades have engendered a very serious and historic shift in the utilization of confinement within the United States. In 1980, there were less than five hundred thousand people confined in the nation’s prisons and jails. Today we have approximately two million and the numbers are still elevating. We are spending over thirty five billion annually on corrections while many other regime accommodations for education, health
President Barack Obama is the 44th president and current president of the United States, and the first African American to serve as U.S president. He was elected second terms over former Massachusetts governor Mitt Romney. He gave a famous speech “a more perfect union” on March 2008 for the Democratic Party presidential nomination, speaking at the National Constitution Center in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. In his part of the speech, he used a quote from the Constitution, with the strong reaction as “we the people, in order to form a more perfect union.” “He mentions powerful words as the words democracy and liberty. He also point out the unequal society”. “The most effective of his speech was he used four rhetorical strategies, as the power of allusion and patriotism. He also apply Du Bois’s useful term in his speech, to bring out the strong emotion, he distinct himself from the Wright, and give strong
Thousands of people statewide are in prisons, all for different reasons. However, the amount of mental illness within prisons seems to go unaddressed and ignored throughout the country. This is a serious problem, and the therapy/rehabilitation that prison systems have do not always help those who are mentally ill. Prison involvement itself can contribute to increased suicide (Hills, Holly). One ‘therapy’ that has increased throughout the years has been the use of solitary confinement, which has many negative effects on the inmates.
Over the past decades society has developed a “get tough” on crime and drugs mentality, due to politicians on the forefront. Which has led to mass incarceration, over population and the use of Supermaximum Security Prisons, also known as Supermax prisons. (Mears, 2013). Many legal and ethical issues arise from supermaxes due to the use of solitary confinement, lack of funding, lack of enrichment training for officers and excessive use of force. Human rights activist argue that solitary confinement is deemed cruel and unusual punishment, violating their constitutional rights (Mears, 2013). Supermax prisons retain the “worst of the worst” in a concentrated population, versus dispersing them throughout all the available facilities. During the
The Orlando Shooting, the tragic event when an ISIS member shot and killed many people at a gay nightclub. A security guard named Omar Mateen, who had pledged allegiance to a terrorist group called ISIS, had entered the night club and opened fired on the people in the club. By the end of the shooting, forty-nine people had lost their lives and fifty-three people were injured. The whole country was shocked and upset about the event that took place on June 12th, 2016. As our nation 's President, Barack Obama had to reassure the country that they would do everything in their power to help the victims, the families of the victims and everyone else. He would do everything in his power to make sure
When president Barack Obama first walked on the biggest stage in America eight years ago a lot of Americans did not trust his words of wisdom to carry, we the people to a better United States. On January 10, 2017 President Barack Obama walked back on that same big stage now known and loved by so many to give his last and final speech, his Farewell speech. All of the non believers were certainly awoken to the actions that were taken by president Barack Obama to achieve most of what he truly dedicated his life and career to. Obama worked hard to gain the love, respect and dedication by so many loyal americans today. It definitely was not an easy task to achieve, many trials and many errors. In this analysis I will state weather or not Obama’s
Nations mourned over the loss of South African President Nelson Mandela at the official memorial service held at Johannesburg, South Africa, on December 10, 2013. Amongst all the dignitaries was United States President Barack Obama, who gave his respect and praises Nelson Mandela in his memorial service speech. Through the incorporation of rhetorical devices, the passionate delivery and the language styles used, Barack Obama presented a memorable eulogy that inspired many and evoked emotion within all. This essay will discuss Obama's motivation and exigency for this speech, lucidly and persuasively argue the effectiveness of this speech, and critically analyse and evaluate rhetorical models and strategies, language choices and styles, speech structure and the delivery of this tribute.