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Investigation of determining the different soil types
Nature and properties of soils
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Module 3 Porosity and Permeability Lab three tests and discusses the porosity and permeability of four soil samples. Three out of the four samples are provided with the lab kit and one is student supplied. The provided samples are gravel, sand, and potting soil. For the fourth, students are to provide a soil sample from their own property. The test for porosity use 100ml of water and 100ml of soil for each test. The amount of water it takes to fill the sample’s voids is called the porosity and is dictated in a percentage format. The permeability test uses 25ml of soil sample and 50ml of water for each sample test. The individual soil samples are put into a filter and then timed on how long water takes filter through the sample. This …show more content…
Because of these ample pores and high drainage rate, contaminated water passes unfiltered. When this unfiltered water pass through the gravel, it introduces contamination into aquifers and can cause the entirety of the aquifers to become polluted.
Lab 3-A: Soil Permeability Permeability is the process of a liquid or gas passing through another substance. In this labs case, it is the time and the rate at which water passes through varied soil samples. Different soil samples were used, including gravel, sand, potting soil, and soil from my front yard. All four had varied permeability and drainage rates when subjected to the lab experiment. The sample that had the highest permeability was the gravel. Because the size and abundance of pores in the gravel sample, water passed through it, almost, unimpeded. The pores of the rocks that composed the gravel sample did retain 16 percent, or 8ml, of the 50ml of water used. In addition, these large pores allowed a drainage rate of .186, which was the quickest of any of the samples in this experiment. If the pores were smaller, water would permeate slower and have a higher water retention
Pit and fissure sealants are tooth coloured materials that are applied on the occlusal surfaces of the posterior teeth in deep grooves, pits and fissures. They protect the tooth from various bacterial plaques in these caries prone areas of the teeth. The sealants protect these areas by sealing of the entrance to bacteria which give rise to dental caries in susceptible individuals especially in children. Pit and fissure sealants are now commonly being used due to the increase in the awareness among public about dental caries prevention
Water that has changed throughout the hydrologic process travels from the irrigation treatment and enters into the aquifers. First...
...eading contributor of pollutants to lakes, rivers, and reservoirs…..Surface discharges can be caused by heavy storms or floods that cause storage lagoons to overfill, running off into nearby bodies of water. Pollutants can also travel over land or through surface drainage systems to nearby bodies of water, be discharged through manmade ditches or flushing systems found in CAFOs, or come into contact with surface water that passes directly through the farming area.
When a cell membrane is said to be selectively permeable, it means that the cell membrane controls what substances pass in and out through the membrane. This characteristic of cell membranes plays a great role in passive transport. Passive transport is the movement of substances across the cell membrane without any input of energy by the cell. The energy for passive transport comes entirely from kinetic energy that the molecules have. The simplest type of passive transport is diffusion, which is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration. Diffusion
Osmosis is the facilitated diffusion of water across the cell membrane of a cell. The inside layer of the cell membrane is hydrophilic, meaning water cannot easily pass through the membrane. The cell membrane has to have aquaporins, which are water channel proteins, that move the water across the membrane. If there is a water and salt solution outside the cell, the salt can enter the cell by diffusion, but the cell membrane is not permeable to the water. Because there is more solute solution inside the cell, there is less water. The aquaporins move the water across the membrane until equilibrium is reached.
Grain size refers to a diameter of an individual particle and grain shape refers to the roundness or how close the shape is to a sphere. Navajo’s grain size averages at 0.2 millimeters in diameter and grain shape is well rounded and well sorted. Pottsville grain size averages at 3.81 centimeters in diameter and it is also well rounded, but it is not well sorted. Porosity is a measure (using meters) of how much empty space is in a rock and permeability is the measure (using Darcy) of ease in which liquid can move through a rock. Navajo’s porosity varies from 1.2% to 15% and the permeability ranges from 0.06md to 54md. Pottsville’s porosity varies from 11% to 15% and the permeability
This hypothesis was supported by the data found because 2 out of the 3 trials done, tap water evaporated the most over the 5 day period. For the first trial, saltwater lost 96 grams, stream water lost 98 grams, and tap water lost 100 grams. For the second trial, saltwater lost 67 grams, stream water lost 70 grams, and tap water lost 69 grams. For the third and final trial, saltwater lost 71 grams, stream water lost 72 grams, and tap water
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules across a partially permeable membrane from a region of high water concentration to a region of low water concentration. Osmosis is used to transfer water between different parts of plants. Osmosis is vitally important to plants. Plants gain...
== == == = Osmosis is defined as the movement of water or any other solution's molecules from a region of highly concentrated solution to a region of less concentrated solution. This movement must take place across a partially permeable membrane such as a cell wall, which lets smaller molecules such as water through but does not allow bigger molecules to pass through.
Most cell membranes are like that, being permeable to water and some solutes only. Osmosis is therefore the diffusion of water through a partially permeable membrane. The basic principles of diffusion apply here.
Osmosis is the passage of water molecules from a weaker solution to a stronger solution through a partially permeable membrane. A partially permeable membrane only allows small molecules to pass through, so the larger molecules remain in the solution they originated in. Solute molecule [IMAGE] [IMAGE] Water molecule [IMAGE] The water molecules move into the more concentrated solution. When water enters a plant cell it swells up. The water pushes against the cell wall and the cell eventually contains all that it can hold.
the gain or loss of water when samples of the tissue are placed in a
When the water comes into contact with the pyrite, the chemical reactions that take place causes the water to increase in pH which will dissolve heavy metals which stay in solution. However, when the pH levels reach a certain stage, the iron can then precipitate out, coating sediments with the characteristic yellow, red or orange colourings (D.E.P. 2, 2002; U.S.G.S.; U.S.E.P.A., 2002). The rate that A.M.D. advances is also influenced by the presence of certain bacteria (Doyle; U.S.G.S). A.M.D that has dissolved heavy metals such as copper, lead and mercury can contaminate ground and surface water. Especially at risk are mines that are located above the water table (Keller, 2000; D.E.P. 2, 2002). The sources of water that get polluted can be surface water that permeates into the mine, shallow ground water flowing through the mine or any water that comes into contact with the waste tailings produced by mines.
Permeability loss due to clogging is another factor that affects the performance of porous asphalt pavement. The advantages of noise reduction and drainage function will gradually disappear when there is a loss of pores that are affected by clogging (Manfred N. Partl, 2006). The pores of porous asphalt may be clogged by dirt, dust or other cl...
Chemicals and impurities removed from water may not be disposed properly thus polluting the environment. A sheet volume of discarded filters may add up to landfill mass. The system itself may take up large amount of spaces and cause lots of noises and destructions. There may also be chemical or wastewater spills if not handled properly.