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More handpicked essays just for you.
The rise and decline of the Papacy during the middle ages
Catholic power in medieval times
Black death and the catholic church
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A complex man with conflicting elements that made up his character, Pope Clement VI (figure 1 ) was an accomplished diplomat, connoisseur of the good life and courageous protector of the poor during the Black Death. Born Pierre Roger in 1291 France he quickly established himself as a keen scholar devoting himself to the church at a young age. It was here that he developed his diplomatic skills. When he became Pope in 1342 he attempted to bring an end to the Hundred Year War between England and France. However despite his political skills and friendships with both kings he was only able to bring about a quick truce (Kelly & Walsh, 2010: Online). During his pontificate Clement enjoyed a luxurious lifestyle claiming that those before him ‘had …show more content…
When the Plague hit in 1347 Clements’s doctors ordered he remained isolated and surrounded by fire which kept the rats and fleas away. However he soon grew tired of this and showed great charity by supervising the care and burial of the sick – even declaring that anyone who died of the plague would automatically have their sins forgiven so as to reduce their spiritual worries (Snell ). When people started blaming and attacking the Jews for the disease Clement issued two edicts condemning the violence and urged the Church to protect them showing his concern for his fellow man. Thus it can be seen that when Pope Clement VI died in 1352 he left the “reputation of a fine gentleman…. but no saint” (Gregorovius in )A complex man with conflicting elements that made up his character, Pope Clement VI (figure 1 ) was an accomplished diplomat, connoisseur of the good life and courageous protector of the poor during the Black Death. Born Pierre Roger in 1291 France he quickly established himself as a keen scholar devoting himself to the church at a young
One piece of evidence stated, “As the plague kept occurring in the late 1300s, the European economy sank to a new low (Document 9).” Another piece of evidence states,” In the second half of the 14th century, a man could simply up and leave a manor, secure in the knowledge that Faith in religion had fallen because the prayers of the people were not answered. The people even thought that it was god whom had unleashed this deadly disease. One piece of evidence that I used stated,” Some felt that the wrath of God was descending upon man, and so fought the plague with player (Document 6).” Another piece of evidence stated,” Faith in religion decreased after the plague, both because of the death of so many of the clergy and because of the failure of prayer to prevent sickness and death (Document 6).”
Fulcher of Chartres' account of what happened at the Council of Clermont is a great piece, full of detail. Fulcher obviously held Pope Urban II in high regard. Throughout his chronicle, he douses him with compliments saying that he is " a man distinguished in life and character."5 Fulcher, 49. It might not seem like much now to put the Church's interests before all others; however, in the Middle Ages people were extremely religious. The better Christian one was, the better man he was.
Why was the Plague so devastating to Europe during the 1300’s? During this time, knowledge of human biology was extremely limited. This is partially due to a papal bull issued by Pope Boniface VIII that forbid the dissection of corpses. 10. Italy was hit particularly hard as it was a major center of trade and many things went in and out; it was very susceptible to the plague.
People were living better and society was becoming a bit more organized and the pope at the time, Pope Clement VI, held much of the power in Europe. The kings of Europe did not hold much of the power because the feudal system was spread across Europe. The people of Europe had some hatred between each other because of their difference in religion. The Crusades, a series of Catholic, European wars against Muslims in the Middle East, had recently ended in 1291 and it left behind a hatred. The Catholics had become so pumped up that they killed many innocent Jews on the way to war, causing trouble between the two religious groups. The Black Plague, also known as the Black Death, was a quickly spreading epidemic that took Europe by storm. The bacteria that caused the Plague was called Yersin bacillus which existed in fleas and was carried through Europe by
Once in power, John Paul immediately displayed an activist approach which was unprecedented in the papacy. Despite advancements in transportation and technology, his activism in the world was still a remarkable attribute, for popes have historically stated their beliefs and principles r...
When the plague began, many Christians believed that it was a penalty of their sins from God; others lost faith in the church or blamed it on followers of other religions. Many who thought that god was punishing them became flagellants. These people would go to the main square or church and whip themselves and cry, “God spare us,” asking for forgiveness from their sins (Gottfried 263). During the plague, many people looked for aid through religion. The Christians would pray, but get no response from God. Many began to question the truth behind their beliefs. The people would turn their backs on the church and lose confidence in their faith. A common view of the people who survived the plague was that they were “cynical about religion,” (Watts 3). The people became more egotistical and less pious because they had less need for support from ...
In his “Introduction to the Decameron,” Giovanni Boccaccio describes the plague’s harsh symptoms. This author mentions the individuals swelling and developing bruises; however, he employs a personal witnessing report on the grotesque nature. His story involving pigs feasting on a pauper who died from the disease gives insight into the body’s physical deterioration. According to Louis Sanctus, the plague breaks down into three stages. The first stage, the bubonic plague, has a life expectancy of three to six days. Its symptoms include swelling of the underarms, neck, or groin; increased body temperature, bleeding and vomiting, and disorientation. The second, the pneumonic plague, has two to three days of life expectancy. This hazardous stage inflames the lungs, leading to a discharge of pus. Thirdly, the septicemic stage gives no person a chance of life because the person would have only a few hours to live. As the deadliest form, bacteria would poison the blood resulting in a painful death. Doctors and families provided little to no assistance for the victims. Sanctus writes, “the doctor does not visit the sick for fear of this contagion…nor anyone another who may be a blood relation, unless he wishes to suddenly die like him or follow him [to the grave] immediately” (Aberth, 34). Under the pope’s direction, medical professionals from
I would love to learn more about Pope Francis’s views on everything. He demonstrates what it is like to be a virtuous person and as Aristotle has said “The virtuous life is the best life.” By being as virtuous as Pope Francis, I believe that is what makes us, as humans, the most happiest.
The Black Death plagues had disastrous consequences for Europe in the 14th century. After the initial outbreak in Europe, 1347, it continued for around five years and then mysteriously disappeared. However it broke out again in the 1360s and every few decades thereafter till around 1700. The European epidemic was an outbreak of the bubonic plague, which began in Asia and spread across trade routes. When it reached Europe, a path of destruction began to emerge. Medieval society was tossed into disarray, economies were fractured, the face of culture and religion changed forever. However the plagues devastation was not all chaotic, there were benefits too, such as modern labour movements, improvements in medicine and a new outlook on life. Therefore in order to analyse the impact the Black Death had on societies in the 14th century, this essay will consider the social, economic, cultural and religious factors in order to reach an overall conclusion.
In 1346, the second and most devastating case of Bubonic plague erupted. (Janis 1) This specific case of plague originated in Kaffa, a cathedral town on the Crimean Coast and spread to China then quickly westward to India. Soon traders from India sailed to Europe and infected almost the entire continent. (Ziegler 121) This case was the most famous because of the large number of deaths affiliated with its outbreak. An estimated twenty five million people, one third of Europe’s population, perished during the plague’s four years of existence. (Janis 1) Government, trade, and commerce in Europe almost came to a halt. The Black Death caused the depopulation of about 1,000 villages in England. (Janis 2) In one case, in Alexandria, Egypt, the first two weeks of the plague 100-200 people died each day. Soon after, as many as 2,000 people died each day and the number increased each week. During this time, the Roman Catholic Church lost some influence on its people.
Around 1347-1348 the most well-known epidemic struck the European world. The bubonic plague, also known as the Black Death or the Black Plague, rained sickness over millions; for most people, death was the only end to the sickness. The Black Death is known as one of the most depressing occurrences in history. It attacked the three most important aspects of a person’s well-being, their mental, emotional and physical health. While the plague impacted early society, authors, Jean de Venette and Giovanni Boccaccio, described the epidemic in their own words. Modern author, Charles L. Mee Jr., describes the plague with the scientific knowledge he has living in today’s society. These three authors wrote about the bubonic plague with their own voice’s and reasoning’s but many of the accounts they mention are similar to one another. Jean de Venette, Giovanni Boccaccio and Charles L. Mee Jr. explain the symptoms, the causes and the way people acted because of the black plague.
Clement was a French born pope with close ties to Philip IV. It is easy to deduce that he was the first pope to take up residency in Avignon. Despite being often asked to take up residency in Rome, he refused to leave his home of France. According to The Story of Christianity Vol. 1 by Gonzalez, Clement was the only pope during the Avignon Papacy to elect the most French cardinals. All but of his cardinals were of French descent. By electing almost all French cardinals he was proving to the King of France where his allegiance was and where the papacy should continue. His allegiance towards France did not stop there. As stated above Philip IV had many trials and tribulations with past popes not defending his rule. Clement V did not defend himself again the King as did he predecessors. Clement was weak in leadership. Often when disobeying the ideas of King Philip IV, he was shamed into changing his decisions. An example of his weakness would be his overthrowing of the bulls put into effect by Pope Boniface III. As touched upon above, King Philip IV once had tensions with King Edward I of England. According to Lectures for a Medieval Survey by Nelson, Boniface had issued the bull Clericis laicos. This made it illegal to any member of clergy to support either of the Kings. Later he issued the bull Unam Sanctam, which gave the papacy supreme power. It was this bull that led to his council in Rome to discuss King Philip.
During the Middle Ages, people didn’t have scientific equipment like microscopes to examine the organisms. So they concluded causes for the Black Death with unsupported evidence. Many physicians and doctors said it was in the air. It was inevitable to catch the Black Death as they claimed. Physicians describe the plague like a ‘tide of death’ (Addison et al, 2012. Page 299). However, the Church said it was the wrath of God. The priests explained that people had sinned which included sins of greed, sins of pride, sins of thieving, sins of envy, sins of lying and sins of anger. An uncommon cause was that people thought that the movement of the stars would tell when plague struck while some places even belie...
The plague that swept across Europe between 1348 and 1350 devestated medieval Europe. According to one report, Europe had lost one-third to half of its population due to the plague (xyz). Consequently, everyone lived in fear believing that they too, will fall victim to the plague. The wealthy tried to buy their salvation, doctors stop attending to the sick, priest feared giving the dead their last rights, parents were afraid to attend to their sick children, and religions became suspicious of other religions. People abandoned one another while fear and ignorance swept over Europe.
Perhaps no other event was as influential to the rise of papacy in Rome as the decline of the Roman empire. With the decline of the empire, the church became the last refuge of stability. Without the protection of the empire, Rome was subject to poverty, disrepair, and attack from enemies.1 The rise of the papacy was a response to this situation. It was further cemented by the leadership of such men as Leo I and Gregory I, the latter sometimes referred to as the father of the medieval papacy.2 Finally, the granting of lands and authority to the bishop of Rome greatly increased the power of the Roman church.3