The policy process is a long process that involves many steps and participants that deal with issues related to crime. Once the issues have been addressed and the policy has been created the policy then governs the criminal justice system. Some of the participants involved with the policy process are federal, state, and local government. The federal, state, and local governments all have roles in the development and implementation of the criminal justice system. Some of the roles of the federal and state governments are similar and others differ. Executive Branch The executive branch at the federal level is the President of the United States, at the federal level it is the fifty governors and at the local level it is the thousands of mayors who serve in towns and cities across America. Each of these executives have a role in the formation of crime control policy and are often seen as the representative of government who can address problems such as crime. Many are aware that the President of the United States has the power to veto a bill, however many are not aware that all three executives are authorized the power of the veto a bill that is sent to them from the legislature. All three executives are also given the authority and ability to appoint certain criminal justice personnel, those who they choose have the ability to influence the criminal justice one way or another whether it be in a positive manner or a negative manner. Legislative Branch The legislative branches are the U.S. Congress on the federal level, various general assemblies on the state level and on the local level town councils or township trustees. The legislative branch is said to be the most important player in the policy process and is so powerful ... ... middle of paper ... ...d it would do and if it is reaching the goals that were set. There are two types of evaluations process and impact. Process evaluations are “those evaluations that look to see if an agency is meeting the mandate set forth by Congress”. Impact evaluations “consist of studies conducted on the effect that congressional policies have actually had on a specific problem”. Conclusion The policy process is a long process that involves many steps and participants from the federal government, state government and local governments. All three levels of government deal with issues related to crime. Once the issues have been addressed and the policy has been created the policy then governs the criminal justice system. Some of the roles of the federal and state governments are similar and others differ yet they all share a common goal, to better the criminal justice system.
national government, Congress is the legislative branch. The Executive branch is led by the President and the judicial branch is run by the Supreme Court (SCOTUS). Each branch of the national government has power over each other and can check each other. Congress makes laws for the entire country. The president (executive branch) carries out the laws that congress makes. The judicial branch interprets how the law should be read. Each branch has separate jobs (separation of powers). For the state, governors have the authority to issue executive orders. This means that they can veto the legislation they enforce state laws instead of national laws. In the state, the legislation branch consists of two houses which are considered bicameral. The judiciary branch of the state government is the state courts. The state and national level of government basically check each other in the same ways at the legislative
3 The legislative branch is the lawmaking branch of government. 4 The executive branch is the branch that enforces the laws of government power, and the judicial branch oversees the enforcement and creation of laws so that they are following the rulebook of the founding ideas of governmental power. All of these branches shown in any representation of government would be a practical representation. 4. 1 Demonstrate knowledge of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches of the federal
They are responsible for finding and capturing individuals who break the laws set by local, state, and federal government. Law enforcement is at the forefront of the entire criminal justice system. They enforce the law, investigate crimes, prevent crime, and ensure public safety. Uniformed officers and detectives must appear in the court system to testify, then prove the individual guilty of the crime he was arrested for. The second component of the criminal justice system is the court system.
Policy in my perspective illustrates as a decision making, planning and or action taken to achieve a certain specific goal within our society. According to Longest B. (2010), his definition stated in his text book states that a policy is defined as ” authoritative decisions made in the legislative, executive, or judicial branches of government that are intended to direct or influence the actions, behaviors, or decisions of others.” In developing a policy, certain steps need to be taken in act to implement the policy. The crucial steps in implementing a policy are: recognizing the problem, agenda setting, formulating the policy, and finally implementing the policy (N.A., 2015).
The President of the United States is the head of the Executive branch. The President appoints heads of Federal agencies, such as the Cabinet. Article II of the Constitution states that the President executes the laws created by Congress and also enforces the laws created by Congress. The President has the power to negotiate and sign treaties, the power to grant pardons for Federal crimes. The Vice President and the Cabinet are also a part of the Executive branch. The Vice President should be ready at any time to step into the role of the President should the President become unable to perform the Presidential duties. The Cabinet is made up of the heads of 15 major departments of the government. The Cabinet advised the President on matters of major importance. The Cabinet includes The Secretary of State, The Secretary of the Treasury, The Secretary of Defense, The Attorney General(Justice Department, The Secretary of The Interior, The Secretary of Agriculture, The Secretary of Commerce, The Secretary of Labor, The Secretary of Health and Human Services, The Secretary of Homeland Security, The Secretary of Housing and Urban Development, The Secretary of Transportation, The Secretary of Education, The Secretary of Energy, and The Secretary of Veteran’s Affairs. The President appoints or removes Cabinet members. The Executive branch also includes members of the Armed Services. The Judicial branch is the court systems designed to oversee court cases through the US government. It explains the meaning of the Constitution and the laws that have been passed by Congress. The Supreme Court decides and rules whether or not something is permitted by the Constitution; constitutional or unconstitutional. There are nine Supreme Court Justices, or judges that are nominated by the President and approved by the Senate. They have no
President Barack Obama, the United States of America’s 44th president is on his second term of presidency and has addressed more social and financial issues during his tenure than crime control policies. President Obama came into office in 2009 and continues to serve as President of the United States. As one evaluates the policies that are in place during his administration a conclusion can be made that his primary focus has been that of health care, civil rights, and foreign policy amongst other agendas that don’t necessarily address his crime policy. President Obama has not proposed any majorly significant crime policies or drastic changes in the crime policies that were in place prior to his appointment (Marion & Oliver, 2012).
U.S. Department of Justice. 2002. “What is the Sequence of Events in the Criminal Justice System?”
The Executive branch is all under the President's command, he is the one in charge of the final decisions. The Executive may veto the bill, all the hard work from the rest of the branches for the Executive to deny the bill. It also enforces laws which can be a major responsibility. It can also negotiate foreign treaties with other countries, in other words they inform and talk to other countries about what is happening. The President appoints the federal judge and this judge has his job for life or until he resigns.
However, the US system diverts from this setup and establishes a network of criminal justice systems at special jurisdiction, state, and federal levels (Neubauer & Fradella, 2015). The US system is further divided into three different sections, each dealing with different phases of criminal activity. The first section is law enforcement, which upholds the law while detecting crimes and apprehending individuals deemed liable for respective crimes. However, law enforcers do not have the power to convict such individuals, but instead gather all necessary evidence, provide reports, and ascertain motive. The role of ascertaining whether and individual is guilty of a crime or not lies with the second segment of the system – courts. Courts play their part in the criminal justice system by taking a legal process, which ultimately separates the innocent from the guilty in a four-step process. This process comprises of (1) pre-trial submissions by the police or litigants, (2) arraignment, (3) trial, and (4) sentencing if found guilty (Neubauer & Fradella, 2015). Individuals who are established as guilty of accused crimes move on to the corrections system, which is the third and final segment. As the name implies, this sector primarily rehabilitates and reforms convicted individuals through their respective sentences such as jail terms and hard labor,
The legislative branch the first branch of the three, consist of two branches establishing Congress, the House and Senate. Each of these components elected by residents of each state has specific requirements that they must follow. The House objectives has several powers assigned exclusively to it, including the power to initiate revenue bills, impeach federal officials, and elect the President in the case of an electoral college tie (Quote GCU). The Senate objectives are managed by the Vice President of the country, known to be the President of there group. Under the President the Senate confirms appointments that requires consent and ratifies treaties (Quote GCU). This helps the entire branch with duties that are performed.
Its purpose is to make a good government and good laws, have peace in our homes, national security, healthy communities, and freedom to ourselves, families and friends. The legislative branch is known as the congress. They write the bills and it goes to congress to get to the president. (Palese web team, Legislative branch, retrieved12/19/11, http://library.thinkquest.org/J0110221/) It consists of the House of Representatives and the Senate. It works with the Executive and Judicial branch. It involves congress approving presidential nominations. It controls the budget; it can pass and veto laws over the president and can impeach him which could remove the president from their office which is in the Executive branch.
The criminal justice system is composed of three parts – Police, Courts and Corrections – and all three work together to protect an individual’s rights and the rights of society to live without fear of being a victim of crime. According to merriam-webster.com, crime is defined as “an act that is forbidden or omission of a duty that is commanded by public law and that makes the offender liable to punishment by that law.” When all the three parts work together, it makes the criminal justice system function like a well tuned machine.
The process begins with an incident reported to the police officer and that police officer may arrest an individual based upon probable cause. The offender is taken to a jail facility where he or she is booked. Now, based on the crime committed the suspect may post bail and if bail is not granted he or she must await trial. In trial, the jury decides if there is enough evidence to indict the accused of the crime. The judge will convict the offender and punish him for the crime committed. It is essential for one to be familiar with the criminal justice process to ensure your rights and decisions are constitutionally
Policy refers to those plans, positions and guidelines of government which influence decisions by government, for example policies in support of sustainable economic development or policies to enhance access to government services by persons with disabilities. There are various types and forms of policy. Among the range of policy type are: broad policy which enunciates government-wide direction; more specific policy which may be developed for a particular sector or issue-area; operational policy which may guide decisions on programs, and project selection. With respect to the forms that government policy can take, it is reflected most typically in legislation, regulations, and programs.
It is the branch of government that is most closely related to citizens. They are typically elected by those in the district in which they represent, and they are expected to call to the needs of their district. If the executives represent the countries as a whole, the legislature represents the local areas of the country. They have six functions, each with their own level of responsibility. The six functions are representation, deliberation, legislation, authorizing expenditure, making governments, and oversight. In our political system, we decided on a bicameral (two-chamber)