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American poetry history
American poetry history
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Robinson Jeffers was a prominent American poet in the modern day era who changed the format of poetry with his prophetic and enlightening writings including “Hurt Hawks” and “Oh Lovely Rock”.
“Hurt Hawks” is Robinson Jeffers most outstanding poem. It is a two stanza poem with feelings from two different characters. This poem is almost as the title describes it. A hawk with a badly injured wing that will never fly again just wants to be put out of his misery. He doesn’t want to wait until he starves to death. That is how he would die since he can no longer hunt. The hawk just sits under a tree awaiting his death. Then when the hawk sleeps that night, he dreams of flying. Because of that dream he wakes up with a new energy. As the hawk sits there, he is ready to defend himself against anything with his sharp talons. Being in his injured state is very hard for him because he's used to be on top of the world. Yet, he is still in the mindset that nothing can take him on besides death itself. He is an arrogant hawk and he won't ask the "wild God of the world" for mercy. At this point Jeffers adds another point of view to the poem. A man finds the hawk, but he would rather kill another man than a creature with so much beauty. Instead he cares for the hawk for six weeks trying to nurse it back to health. He allows the hawk to wander freely, but the hawk always returns to the man and still cannot fly. To the man it seems like the bird is returning because it is almost asking for death since its life will never be the same. So, finally the man shoots the hawk to put it out of its misery. As the man watched the hawk fall he thought it was peaceful and calm, now that it gotten what it wanted. Rather than being the intense animal that it had ...
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...nciples that he bases his approach to poetry on in a few simple quotes; “poetry’s function is the passionate presentment of beauty and to be an intensification of life, not a refuge from it” (Hunt RJ’s Writings). Jeffers believed his poetry should be about permanent things and avoid feelings. Whereas other poets at the time tried to transform the actual world with their imaginations. Jeffers liked to comment on the ordinary parts of life so that one may discover more about it instead of creating an alternative to the ordinary that modern poets tried to do (Hunt RJ’s Writings). He also tried to show the world’s natural beauty in his poems.The fact that Jeffers was so authentic to his time period and even now--because of how he didn't agree with the way technology places us in an almost false environment--is the main reason why his work continues to speak to readers.
Terrance Hayes’ poem, Mr. T is about a 1980’s pop icon and it describes his place in African American history. The poem starts out describing Mr. T but it soon becomes stern when it asks serious questions and then answers mockingly about this pop icons absurdity.
In Tim Seibles' poem, The Case, he reviews the problematic situations of how white people are naturally born with an unfair privilege. Throughout the poem, he goes into detail about how colored people become uncomfortable when they realize that their skin color is different. Not only does it affect them in an everyday aspect, but also in emotional ways as well. He starts off with stating how white people are beautiful and continues on with how people enjoy their presence. Then he transitions into how people of color actually feel when they encounter a white person. After, he ends with the accusation of the white people in today's world that are still racist and hateful towards people of color.
“A poem is true if it hangs together. Information points to something else. A poem points to nothing but itself” this quote by E.M. Forster alludes to the concept of metafiction in poetry as a whole. According to the Penguin Dictionary of Literary Terms, “Metafiction is a kind of fiction that self-consciously addresses the devices of fiction…[M]etafiction does not let the readers forget they are reading a work of fiction.” Some common metafictive strategies include a story about someone writing a story, a piece of fiction that references specific conventions of a story, or characters that are aware they are in a story or work of fiction. The poems, “Functional Poem by Mark Halliday and “The Poem You Asked For” by Larry Levis, embody various conceptions metafiction.
Many writers begin writing and showing literary talent when they are young. Paul Laurence Dunbar, born and raised in Dayton, Ohio, was already editor of a newspaper and had had two of his poems published in the local newspaper before he’d graduated from high school. His classmate, Orville Wright, printed The Tattler which Dunbar edited and published for the local African American community. After graduating from high school, he was forced to get a job as an elevator operator which allowed him spare time for writing. He finally gained recognition outside of Dayton when, in 1892, he was invited to address the Western Association of Writers and met James Newton Matthews who praised his work in a letter to an Illinois newspaper. In 1892, he decided to publish his first book of poems entitled Oak and Ivy and four years later his second book of poems Majors and Minors was published. People began to see him as a symbol for his race, and he was thought of artistically as “a happy-go-lucky, singing, shuffling, banjo-picking being… in a log cabin amid fields of cotton” (Dunbar, AAW 2). Dunbar’s poems, written alternately in literary and dialect English, are about love, death, music, laughter, human frailty, and though Dunbar tried to mute themes of social protest, social commentary on racial themes is present in his poetry.
In the poems "Hawk Roosting" written by Ted Hughes and "Golden Retrievals" written by Mark Doty, both poets compose their poems as speakers "talking" (thinking) through animals' point of views. Although both poems are written through an animal's eyes, both take on the world from very different views through their complex characterization of an egotistical hawk to a lighthearted golden retriever. Hughes and Doty portray their animals in a way that makes it seem like they feel that they're superior to humans (although in different manners) through the usages of alienated alliteration, inventive imagery, straightforward syntax, melodramatic metaphor, and perplex personification.
Paul Laurence Dunbar is one of the most influential African American poets to gain a nationwide reputation. Dunbar the son of two former slaves; was born in 1872 in Dayton, Ohio. His work is truly one of a kind, known for its rich, colorful language, encompassed by the use of dialect, a conversational tune, and a brilliant rhetorical structure. The style of Dunbar’s poetry includes two distinct voices; the standard English of the classical poet and the evocative dialect of the turn of the century black community in America. His works include a large body of dialect poems, standard English poems, essays, novels, and short stories. The hardships encountered by members of is race along with the efforts of African Americans to achieve equality in America were often the focus of his writings. http://www.dunbarsite.org/
The early 1900s seemed like a time of great prosperity, and the American Dream was in the forefront of the working class, but was it actually good to live the American Dream? Edwin Arlington Robinson‟s poem “Richard Cory” is an example that the idea of the American Dream is not always so bright. Even though narrator of the poem seems to show envy for Richard Cory until the last stanza, the poem actually contrasts what Richard Cory has and what the workers have with each wanting what the other has; thus, the cliché of “the grass is always greener” is at the heart of this
Through the use of narrative and metaphor, Terry Tempest Williams beautifully depicts her life story in a poetic memoir. She describes the daily struggles she faced with change in her family, while her mother battled with cancer that eventually led to her death. She also describes the fluctuating lake levels, and how they affected the birds that migrate in the area. Through her experiences with the birds she learns how to cope and accept her mother’s death. Eventually, she moves on with the birds and learns how to love and not be afraid of death.
was found guilty and hanged (Dieters, 2012). Seven years later, Fitzpatrick’s former roommate confessed to the murder on his deathbed. Residents of Detroit were outraged that an innocent man had been put to death. Then, two years following Fitzpatrick’s execution, another Detroit resident, Stephen Simmons, was tried and convicted of killing his pregnant wife during a drunken rage. His execution was made into an event resembling a carnival, complete with a band, local merchants selling their goods, and a seating section for spectators.. When asked if he had any last words, Simmons recited a poem. His “appeal to the heavens” shocked witnesses. The execution was called “cruel and vindictive” by onlookers. The result of these two cases was an
In the poem by Joy Harjo called “Eagle Poem,” Harjo talks about prayer and life and how they revolve around mother-nature. She suggests that while being one with nature, we feel we are in a place in which we haven’t imagined and the things in which we would love to do in that magnificent and calming place. After one reads the poem, he/she enjoys the lyrical type of it. This is because “Eagle Poem” sticks to one idea and extends it throughout the entire poem. For instance, it talks about prayer, nature, and animals from start to finish.
...rnacular is an essential part of his writing because it gives his poetry authenticity. If one did not know better, one could easily imagine Mr. Daniels sitting at a “shift” bar after work guzzling Budweisers and writing poetry on cocktail napkins. He does a tremendous job of illustrating the good and bad aspects of Blue-Collar life in Detroit. This is very important because many people assume that working-class life is horrific, but in truth it has it’s good points and bad points. As a native Detroiter, who has worked on a myriad of construction sites for more than a decade, I can definitely relate to Jim Daniels poetry. This is because I have fallen in love with a dozen “Jeannie’s” in a dozen “Ted’s Bar and Grill’s” and I can definitely “do real dancing.”
Moore begins the last stanza with an ambiguous “So”. Although one has a heightened awareness of mortality, one “behaves,” one keeps the ego disciplined. This is the same concept as that of the caged bird who, though held captive in a cruelly small space, continues to sing with all his heart. Despite the bird's lack of “satisfaction” because of his loss of flight and freedom, he knows “joy”.
He is almost sleeping while doing this. This creates a very powerful visual image. It epitomizes how the people left to grieve act. Many people stricken by death want to be left alone and bottle themselves up. The first few lines of the poem illustrate how deeply in sorrow the man is. This image should affect everyone. It should make the reader sympathize or even empathize with the man. Another main way he uses imagery is through the black bird or the raven. The presence of the bird is a bad omen. It is supposed to be followed by maleficent things. The bird is used to symbolize death figuratively and literally. The bird only says one word the entire poem. It repeats “nevermore.” This word can be interpreted multiple ways each time it is said. It is also possible that the bird is not talking. It is possible that the bird is an image created by
Hence Kijiner’s use of poetic techniques and video performance of “Dear Matafele Peinam” spreads a very heartfelt and persuasive message on climate change and its effects of a community many people may never visit. It is a call to arms, to me, to you and your friends to fight against the so called blindfolded bureaucracies, to stand up against corporate greed and fight for our world together. This message is new, and wouldn’t have been understood by Shakespeare or McCrae, and is modern in todays world where it is one of the biggest threats humanity currently faces, and will continue to face if things don’t change. Thus it is through poetry that Kijiner has spread this message through the form of video to thousands of people who have since inspired
Poems by John Betjeman John Betjeman writes interesting and contrasting poems, most of which are very personal and a recollection of his past. He is a vivid poet and never fails to set his scenes well. He always includes as much detail as possible and his poems are oozing with creative writing. 'Indoor games Near Newbury' is about a boy, maybe himself, going to a party and meeting a young beautiful girl.