Pluralistic Ignorance Essay

1283 Words3 Pages

Misperceptions: Pluralistic Ignorance, Strategic Ambiguity, and Peer Approval Evidence shows that students tend to overestimate the sexual permissiveness of their peers (Barriger, & Velez-Blasini, 2013; Lambert et al., 2003). Similarly, quite often, in regards to the topic of hooking up, individuals engaged in pluralistic ignorance; that is, they attributed much higher perceptions of hookup encounters to their friends and students than to themselves (Hoffman et al., 2014).
Additionally, students tend to also overestimate peer approval for hooking up, and that this perceived peer approval is a strong predictor of hooking up (Holman et al., 2012). Participants with a diffuse identity style also displayed fewer assertive behaviours than information seeking participants (Williams et al., 2014), suggesting that they more easily give in to peer pressure, which furthermore may be linked to less autonomous hooking up behaviours and therefore greater levels of stress following a hookup (Vrangalova, 2015).
Pluralistic ignorance may be a result of the amount of an individuals peers that use strategic ambiguity. …show more content…

In other words, a woman 's sexual desire and pleasure are seen as less superior to a man 's expectations during a hookup encounter. A sexual double standard is further evident through women using the ambiguity of the term hookup to suggest that they are not having sex whereas men use this ambiguity to suggest that they are having sex and always with women (Currier, 2013). The term hookup serves women and men differently and, thus, has a form of gendered specific meaning when being interpreted. Women face more influences towards conforming to emphasized femininity, while men face influence to conform to hegemonic masculinity. This conformity maintains a socialized form of gender and social

Show More
Related

  • Analysis Of The Hookup Culture

    1222 Words  | 3 Pages

    Conor Kelly argues in her article, “Sexism in Practice: Feminist Ethics Evaluating the Hookup Culture” that the hookup culture is sexist and disempowers women. Although, he mentions it is difficult to define “hooking up” but majority of the students will agree that it involves “some level of sexual activity without the constraints and expectations of a relationship” (Kelly 65). In other words, when two people have casual sex with no strings attached, when they both finish they both can go on with their lives without

    Read More

  • Is Hook Up Bad For Young Women Summary

    602 Words  | 2 Pages

    In reaction to the media’s numerous stigmas around college hookup culture in recent years, sociologists and psychologists have begun to investigate adolescent and young adult hookups more systematically. In “Is Hooking Up Bad for Young Women?” by Elizabeth A. Armstrong, Laura Hamilton and Paula England, this issue is addressed through a reaction to previous articles from sources on opposite sides. One side of the argument over sexual activity for young women places them at risk of “low self esteem, depression, alcoholism, and eating disorders,” while the other side argues that the underlying issue is the “moral panic over casual sex.” This issue has been seen by many as a “sudden and alarming change in youth sexual culture,” but systematic research has shown that experiences of young women in college

    Read More

  • Analysis Of The American Hookup Culture

    793 Words  | 2 Pages

    As stated in the book, “college students have much to teach about sex” (8). That is because the values, ideologies, and worldviews of the students are representative of greater American culture. Although flawed, hookup culture on American campuses hold the possibility of accepting a culture of inclusivity, care, pleasure, and freedom while also rejecting predatory behavior, racism, classism, and abuse. Dismissing hookup culture all together is blind to the reality that young adults are going to have sex, and since sex is non-negotiable, one’s aim should be to foster open dialogue and critical thought onto a future where everyone enjoys the ability to freely explore sexuality, sex, and gender on their own

    Read More

  • My Objections to Pluralism And Exclusivism

    2256 Words  | 5 Pages

    In the following, I will focus on and examine John Hicks outlook on religious pluralism. I will make an effort to prove that religious pluralism is not a strong view to advocate. The claim that all the great religions of the world lead to God plays an essential role in this argument. In this paper, I argue against this claim, thereby disagreeing with religious pluralism. First, I explain Hicks’s argument, and the role that religious pluralism plays. Second, I explain Hicks’s defense of this claim. Third, I raise some objections to this defense. I conclude by drawing some broader lessons for the question of what it means to be a pluralist and its relation to religious exclusivism.

    Read More

  • Pluralism

    1378 Words  | 3 Pages

    In Federalist No. 10, James Madison stresses that “measures are too often decided, not according to the rules of justice and the rights of the minor party, but by the superior force of an interested and overbearing majority.” Madison philosophized that a large republic, composed of numerous factions capable of competing with each other and the majority must exist in order to avoid tyranny of majority rule.# When Federalist No. 10 was published, the concept of pluralism was not widely used. However, the political theory that is the foundation for United States government was the influential force behind pluralism and its doctrines.

    Read More

  • Pluralism Vs Elitism

    318 Words  | 1 Pages

    This essay defines the theory of “elitism” and “pluralism” and how these two theories compare. First, this essay describes the theory of “elitism”. Then, it provides some historical events that we’ve studied in class that support the theory of “elitism” in the political process. Next, this essay describes the theory of “pluralism”. Then, it provides some historical events that we’ve studied in class that support the theory of “pluralism” in the political process. Finally, this reading response explains how these two theories compare.

    Read More

  • Essay On Elitism And Pluralism

    556 Words  | 2 Pages

    Texas politics can be interpreted as a very difficult and complicated institution. Its political democracy can be construed to fall under the mixture of two very distinct theoretical approaches. These models include elitism and pluralism. Elitism is the belief that individuals who derive power from leadership positions from large organizations and have great financial wealth can monopolize and influence important policy decisions. Pluralism is the theory that democracy can be achieved through competition among multiple interest groups. While many can argue that these two theories do not coincide with another, it can be noted otherwise. In this essay, elitism and pluralism will be discussed on how they are both visible in Texas democracy.

    Read More

  • Being A Minority Essay

    478 Words  | 1 Pages

    Minority is a broad term that classifies my family and me. This term can mean something bad and something good, depending on who’s perceiving the term. For me, personally it is a little bit of both. Being part of the minority group, it can and has been a barrier in my educational pursuit. However, it does not stop me from trying to reach my goals, it is like a motivation.

    Read More

  • Young People’s Views of Lowering the Age of Consent

    1841 Words  | 4 Pages

    In terms of young people’s sexual attitudes, the 3nd National Surveys of Sexual Attitudes and Lifestyles shows that up to 30% of teenagers have the first heterosexual intercourse before age 16 years (Mercer, et al., 2013). The finding has also been proved by many other surveys, and another consensus is people have sex at an earlier age than before (Mercer, et al., 2013). In Miranda Sawyer’s survey ‘Sex before 16’, the Bliss magazine shows a shocking data—83% of Bliss readers who’ve already had sex experience were under 16 the first time and of those, 12% were 12 or younger (Sawyer, 2003). However, the empirical research evidence is relati...

    Read More

  • The Sexual Double Standard : How Men and Women Are Perceived According to Their Gender.

    1042 Words  | 3 Pages

    From a young age , many individuals worldwide are socialized according to their gender and what is appropriate for males and females. Socializing according to ones gender starts from the moment you are born when the nurses give you either a blue or pink blanket to wrap the child in. This allows society to known whether the child is a male or female. The double standard for gender occurs within many areas of development for instance the clothes one wears, the toys that are placed with, the jobs and careers one chooses in their later life. Attachment given by a child's parent reinforces an individual to be socialized and children can also contribute how their parents treat and see them , these are social constructs within parenting (Ambert,2012). All of these things can be gender separated and still are in today's society. Another area where males and females are socialized differently is in the area of sexuality and what is acceptable for males is not always for the female gender. Gender specific norms govern the appropriate amount of partners , when it is acceptable to engage in sexual activity and what motivates ones behavior (Kreager &Staff, 2009). This shows society individuals are socialized according to their gender because males are socialized into behaving a different way than girls but it still be accepted as a norm. Women are taught that it is okay to have sexual relationships but they need a reason, example being in a committed relationship, where as men just need a place. This is a common perception based on ones gender , formed from a western conservative view point ( Fugere et.al, 2008). Gender socialization is a process where boys are seen to be given wings and girls are to be given roots (Myers, Spencer, Jordan...

    Read More

  • Argumentative Essay On Hookup Culture

    977 Words  | 2 Pages

    The hookup culture has become deeply ingrained in the college experience, all across the country students are fulfilling their desires while preserving their autonomy. On the surface the hookup culture doesn’t sound so bad, however, I am going to argue that the hookup culture itself stems from and promulgates problematic societal inequalities. I will develop my claim by first discussing the dominance of the hookup culture and the societal pressure placed on those who don’t want to participate or are unsure about participating in what the culture has to offer. Then, I will illustrate why the general dynamic of the heterosexual hookup is an uneven playing field even for women who actively choose to participate in the hookup culture. Finally,

    Read More

  • Sex Education For Public Schools

    1534 Words  | 4 Pages

    The government likes to pretend that if high school students get taught the “abstinence-only” method they would never think of taking part in sexual activities. Statistically this is incorrect. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “56 percent of high school students are virgins”(Martin). For the 56 percent abstinence only is doing them well, but there are still 44 percent of high school students engaging in sex without knowing the precau...

    Read More

  • My Essay On Diversity

    446 Words  | 1 Pages

    In one of my favorites books Anna Karenina written by Leo Tolstoy says "I think... if it is true that there are as many minds as there are heads, then there are as many kinds of love as there are hearts." (135-6) This quote really reflects the essence of the term "Diversity". For me diversity does not relies on skin color, height, weight. Diversity for me is the fluctuation of ideas, sentiments and beliefs. The discrepancy of ideology between collies. Personally, diversity plays an exorbitant role in my life. Every person is an universe caressing with the next universe (person). Thus, each universe has its personal standards, and the other people are deviance of the self. What I'm trying to insinuate is that people think differently from each

    Read More

  • Friends with Benefits Relationships

    1785 Words  | 4 Pages

    Paul, E. L., & Hayes, K. A. (2002). The casualties of “casual” sex: A qualitative exploration of the phenomenology of college students’ hookups. Journal of personal and Social Relationships, 19, 639-661.

    Read More

  • Teenagers and Sex

    431 Words  | 1 Pages

    The survey was conducted to see what young Americans had to say about sex. Sex is something that teenagers are faced with everyday. Peer pressure and trying to fit in with the crowd; seems to be a major reason why teenagers are having sex today. The survey proved that today’s teenagers are more aware of the consequences of having sex, and it is not a game to play around with.

    Read More

More about Pluralistic Ignorance Essay

Open Document