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Plate tectonic theory essays
Plate tectonics theory essay
Plate tectonic theory essays
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The plate tectonic theory is a theory that geologists use to help explain the Earth’s surface processes and events. It explains that the sliding of these plates are either away from each other, sliding past each other, or sliding into each other and causing one of the plates to slide beneath the other. There are three kinds of plate tectonic boundaries: divergent, convergent, and transform plate boundaries. A divergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other. Magma then flows up from the mantle to fill in the space between the plates, forming a raised ridge called a mid-ocean ridge. The magma also spreads in the exterior, forming new ocean floor and new oceanic crust. A convergent boundary occurs when two plates
come together. The impact of the two colliding plates buckles the edge of one or both plates up into a rugged mountain range. Volcanoes are often formed and powerful earthquakes shake a wide area on both sides of the boundary. A transform plate boundary occurs when two plates slides past each other. Rocks that line the boundary are pulverized as the plates grind along, creating a linear fault valley or undersea canyon. As the plates alternately jump against each other, earthquakes rattle through a wide boundary zone.
This paper presents how Labeling theory and strain theory can explain the crimes that The White family from West Virginia commit on a daily basis. The wonderful White of West Virginia portrays corruption and poverty. They do not conform to any authority or rules; all they want to do is fuss, fight and party. The White family takes part in shoot-outs, robberies; gas huffing, drug dealing, pill popping and murders. They are famously known for their Hill Billy tap dancing and wild criminal ways. West Virginia being the poorest state in the United States they do not have the resources to a good education system or available employment. Therefore, frustration sets in, leading to failed aspirations causing the Whites to resort to violent and illegal ways to survive in a declining economy, to obtain a slight chance to their perspective of the American dream. However, being labeled as the rebels of the south just makes that slight chance of the American dream much harder to obtain.
When the Cambrian started, there was an epicontinental sea that covered the Southeastern portion of what is today Minnesota (Ojakangas and Matsch 1982). Streams were flowing into the sea off the land in western and northern Minnesota carrying sand to the seashore. This is why there was a lot of sandstone deposited during the Cambrian. Figure 11 shows a strat column for the Cambrian rocks found in Minnesota.
Four tectonic environments in which magmatism occurs: destructive plate margins, constructive plate margins/divergent plate boundaries, oceanic intraplate and continental intraplate. Arcs are magmatic products of destructive plate margins (stern, 2001) which are referred to as sites where new continental crust is created and old oceanic crust is subducted back into the mantle (Hawkesworth , Hergt, McDermott, Ellam, 1991). An island arc is a form of an arc produced by the subduction of an oceanic plate beneath another oceanic plate (Hu, 2013). Island arcs are characterised by high large ion lithophile elements and low high field strength elements ((Hawkesworth , Hergt, McDermott, Ellam, 1991). New oceanic crust is created at the mid ocean ridges and by mass balance is then destroyed (recycled back into the mantle) at the subduction zones (Jarred, 2003). As it forms it undergoes hydrothermal alteration where the composition is changed from olivine, plagioclase and glass dominated to being dominated by clay minerals i.e. low grade metamorphism (green schist facies) (Jarred, 2003) where it becomes enriched in water, carbon dioxide and incompatible trace elements such as uranium and potassium. As the crust moves away from the ridge it accumulates sediments and becomes colder, older and dense enough to subduct. As the cold slab subducts into the hot mantle, it heats up. The slab goes to greater depths faster than it’s heated therefore pressure increases therefore hydrous minerals start to break down (Aizawa, Tatsumi, Yamada, 1999). The slab undergoes metamorphic reactions from hydrous green schist facies to amphibolite facies and finally to anhydrous eclogite facies at depths of less than 100 km (Ringwood, 1977). ...
A convergent boundary is where two tectonic plates move towards each other. And when they collide they form either a subduction zone with its associated island arc or an...
Displacement hulls were first used at the turn of the century when internal combustion engines were large and heavy. Morley S. Smith - lesliefield.com. When a displacement hull moves through the water, it pushes water off to the sides. Most displacement hulls are long with a narrow bow. These hulls are the easiest to maneuver at low speeds. Semi displacement hulls are slightly more flat. Semi displacement hulls are identified by three factors: 1. The shape of the run. 2. The displacement length ratio. 3. The amount of “V” or draught of the hull and they generally have a hard chine or tightly rounded bilge. - Pelly Marine. Semi displacement hulls are versatile and combine speed and seaworthiness. Planing hulls are hard chinned and have a sharp edge between the hull side panel and the side panel. Morley S. Smith – lasliefield.com. When planing hulls are moving they push the bow downward instead of pushing water to the sides like displacement hulls. It was discovered that if you have a flat bottomed boat there will be less drag. The less drag the boat has the smoother the ride on the boat will be and there will be less of an attack angle to the boat. Most of the planing hulls today are made with a vee bottom. The height and weight of have have great effect on the speed. Planing hulls tend to skim more on the water rather than moving in the water. The concept of the stepped hull was proposed by Rev. Ramus of Sussex, England in 1872. He proposed both a single stop with tandem planing surfaces, and a combination of three pontoons with one forward and two aft. Morley S. Smith – lasliefield.com. After figuring out the steam power was not powerful enough to move the hull fast enough, William Henry Fauber move to Europe with this idea in ...
During the Atlantic Slave Trade there were 1.7 million Africans from the Bight of Biafra enslaved and brought to the New World. Of those 1.7 million, nearly 1.3 million were Igbo. From the 16th to the 19th centuries European and American slave traders were kidnapping and enslaving a large number of Africans to the New World and as a result of the influx of Africans there were many great cultural influences that came from the African populations. Jamaica was home to two major trading ports where the Igbo slaves would arrive, Bonny and Calabar. The majority of Biafran slaves were brought to the coasts of Jamaica and made up a large portion of slaves in Jamaica.
There are many different types of volcanoes in the world we call Earth. However, there is one specific type we are focusing on today. They are known as the seamounts, or underwater volcanoes. More specifically, the focus will be on the Axial Seamount.
First you might need to know definition of tectonics. It is a theory in geology. The lithosphere of the Earth is divided into a small number of plates which float on and travel independently over the mantle and much of the Earth’s seismic activity occurs at the boundaries of these plates. That is the official definition of Plate tectonics. secondly, this plate covers many parts of continents. plate boundaries don’t go according to Continents boundaries, they make their own boundaries. The North American plat...
McCallon, Jacob History 201 19 September 2016 Response Paper 1 The way we study world history is influenced by the way we perceive the world. That is the point that Jared Diamond, Martin Lewis and Karen Wigen try to make in their excerpts. The direction that the two articles, “Yali’s Question” and the Introduction of ”The Myth of Continents: A Critique of Metageography,” differ widely.
Volcanoes are one of natures most interesting and dangerous phenomenons. The way volcanoes operate can be understood, on a basic level, by just some simple physics and chemistry, this paper will investigate and explain some of the basic physics that govern the behavior of volcanoes.
Bryan Nelson, the author of the Polynesians seafarers discovered America long before Europeans, says DNA, mentioned the idea that sweet potatoes founded in Polynesia created a theory that the Polynesians reached the Americas first. Many theories began to circulate around the 1960s due to an excavation site that gave a link to Norse explorers discovering America before Columbus. However, new evidence like the sweet potatoes emerged to complicate the theories. Nelson states “it was actually the Polynesians” who discovered the land we call South America.
On one side of this spreading ridge, new Pacific Plate crust is formed, which then moves away from the ridge. One the other side of this ridge is the Juan de Fuca Plate and Gorda Plate, both of which move eastward towards the North American plate.
Plate tectonics is the theory that landmasses on tectonic plates are in slow constant movement due to convection currents in the mantle. Plate tectonics, or the movements of plates above the lithosphere (the most upper layer of earth's crust) can cause divergent, convergent,and transform boundaries.A boundary the way two tectonic plates collide. is Continental plates are plates that the continents are formed on. Oceanic plates are plates that the ocean covers, and the oceans form on top of these plates. Convergent boundaries and divergent boundaries are ways that these oceanic and continental plates interact with each other. Landforms are formed at boundaries. The landforms formed at boundaries depends on the type of plates that collide, and
There are many attributes that affect the properties of a composite material, based on their intrinsic properties of the constituents. The properties that are harnessed to reinforce a composite material are essentially governed by the similar factors that affect other fiber composite materials, namely the fiber architecture and the fiber–matrix interface.
The concurrent convective circulations in the mantle leads to some segments of the mantle moving on top of the outer core which is very hot and molten in nature. This kind of movement in different segments occurs as tectonic plates. These tectonic plates are basically seven on the earth surface as major ones, although, several small ones exist also. The plates motions are characterized by varying velocities, this variance results to sub sequential collision of two plates (leading to formation of a mountain in a convergent boundary), drift of two plates (leading to formation of rifts in a divergent boundary), or parallel movement in a transform boundary(Webcache 3).