I. The concept of the Community of Inquiry
Central to the heart of P4C lies the notion of a community of inquiry. Originally a term from Pierce to reference interaction among scientists, the concept of "COI" dominates the discussion of educational revisionism as presented by commentators on the P4C movement. The key description marking a COI is: a group (a social setting) of individuals who use dialogue (interaction among participants) to search out the problematic borders of a puzzling concept (inquiry as philosophical.) Implicit in the ideal workings of this group are two key concepts:
a demonstration of thinking that is caring (each member is supported and allowed to be an integral member of the community), creative (new ideas are sought out and encouraged) and critical (good reasons are expected for one's ideas and positions).
fallibilism (a willingness to be corrected and an acknowledgment of possible error or perspectivalness).
Thus, the COI offers us a dual message of promoting critical thinking and encouraging an obligation to one's fellow inquirer. As such the concept of COI attempts to address contemporary challenges to education to produce better thinkers and more caring members of society who can tolerate differences at the same time they can submit conflicts to reasonable scrutiny. In a COI all participants must respect one another as thoughtful persons who seek communally to better understand the issue at hand.
In describing the COI as central to philosophical inquiry with children I have tried to achieve a certain degree of metaphysical neutrality by focusing upon the methodological structure of the discussion. However, once we probes beneath the surface definition we discover a cache of important meta...
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David Edwards has worn the same chain for every single play he’s been in since 1973. “I wear a silver chain that my mom gave me for opening night of Henry IV Part I,” explains the thespian. Since then, he has added a ring of his father’s and a silver luggage tag of his grandfather’s to the chain. Additionally, he recently began to wear a cross necklace given to him by Sunday School students, “It’s about family and there’s also that spiritual side.” When asked if he felt that the necklaces contributed luck to his performances, he laughed and said, “I have turned around and gone home if I forget my chain. I really do. It’s a superstitious thing.” He has almost never performed without it under his costume. Of the handful of times he has forgotten it, he says, “It makes me very uncomfortable, and I’m sure that negative feeling affects something, somehow.” The chain and necklace are Mr. Edward’s only magic fetish, or “material objects believed to embody ‘supernatural’ power that can aid or protect the owner,” ...
Advertising, whether criticized or celebrated, is undeniably a strong force in American society. Portrayals and Images of women have long been used to sell in published advertisements. However, how they have been used has changed enormously throughout the decades. Women have fought to find a lasting and prominent position in their society. Only in the span of twenty years, between 1900’s and 1920’s, the roles of women changed dramatically here in United States.
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Common sense seems to dictate that commercials just advertise products. But in reality, advertising is a multi-headed beast that targets specific genders, races, ages, etc. In “Men’s Men & Women’s Women”, author Steve Craig focuses on one head of the beast: gender. Craig suggests that, “Advertisers . . . portray different images to men and women in order to exploit the different deep seated motivations and anxieties connected to gender identity.” In other words, advertisers manipulate consumers’ fantasies to sell their product. In this essay, I will be analyzing four different commercials that focuses on appealing to specific genders.
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The power of “green” advertising lies in its sheer ubiquity and its particularly charismatic approach to manipulation. It feels good to support a cause, and who could possibly be (openly) against the environment? Because of its broad manipulation coefficient, “green” advertising--advertising that panders to our desire to make the planet clean again--is making a comeback. Innumerable advertisements still contain the sublime appeal of helping the planet. Green still
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The rapid growth of technology in our society has become more dominant than it was in the 17th and 18th century. Today, technology is used for almost everything in our day to day lives. But the most common usage of technology is for communication and industrialization. However, every good thing has its disadvantage if it is over used, and since technology has become very dominant, it is used by both young and older people but more predominant among the youth of the today. Even more, technology has brought about social networking such as Facebook, Twitter, my space, piazza.com, instagram, tango, and last but not the least texting. According to socialnetworking.procon.org, “47% of American adults used social networking sites like Facebook, MySpace, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Classmates.com in 2011, up from 26% in 2008. [26] on social media sites like these, users may develop biographical profiles, communicate with friends and strangers, do research, and share thoughts, photos, music, links, and more” (procon.org. 1). Although these sites help many Americans to connect with their family and friends, have we really thought about how these sites are discouraging some students to spend less time with their books, how young adults are losing their marriages, the indecent behavior it is promoting, and how it has escalated texting and driving in our society? Obviously not!