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Culture of peru essay
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Cultural
Peru has experienced a series of political unceratinties throughout the years, facing juxtaposition between a military junta and a free democratic government. The political instability in Peru has also brought about fickling economic systems from a state-controlled system to a free market economy. The cultural dinmensions in Peru demonstrates that the implementation of instituiting laws and policies would improve the uncertain conditions and bring the state to solid grounds.
According to a study conducted by Prof. Geert Hofstede, Peru’s index score for uncertainty avoidance was 87, in contrast to the USA which had a score of 46. It is evident that the Peruvian society has high demands for rigid rules and strict enforcements, an ideology that stems from the Roman Catholic faith. Morover, the norms in the Perruvian society reflect low tolerance for deviation or any forms of leniency.
Another aspect of Hofstede’s study reveals that Peru has an idex score for indidualism of 16, which is relatively low. This shows that Peru, in contrast to the USA has a social orientation towards collectivism. This indicates that the Peruvian society values relationships and collective well-being rather than personal accomplishment and freewill, which is a common value held amongst Latin American nations.
These Peruvian cultural values are also reflected in the corporate sector. There are also clear distinctions between how companies in the USA and Peru operates. In general, Peruvian companies are often organized in a hierarchically with a centralized power from the top management. The top management posses authrotative powers to make economic decisions and issue guidances , while the the lower-level employees have no say but to adhere...
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...formation and straightforward communication, where employees and managers can consult each other freely. Canadians also believe that that work can be better and easily accomplished through team effort where each employee will be able fully utilize their expertise.
The Candaian society can also be characterized as a midly masculine society, meaning that the the Candian society has tendency towards achievement. While the Candian society promotes the attainment of high standards in work performance and personal best, the emphasis on success and victory is more subdued than the US. Morover, although the Canadian strive to achieve high performances at work, they still manage to maintain a work-life balance and manae their time to meet both work, personal, and societal demands.
Works Cited
http://geert-hofstede.com/canada.html
http://geert-hofstede.com/peru.html
However, as illustrated by Walker, the colonial rulers would in turn batter the natives with their alternative goals and ideas for the future of Lima. Finally, the author reconstructs the upheaval of Lima during its’ reconstruction and their forced and struggled relationship with the Spanish crown that ultimately led to rebellions and retaliations by the Afro-Peruvians and Indians. To begin with, it is imperative to understand the premise and dialogue of the book. Walker divides Shaky Colonialism into eight chapters. These chapters detail the inhabitants’ perceptions, struggles, efforts, etc. through the eyes and ideas of Walker.
Time and rules have been transforming countries in many ways; especially, in the 1850’s and the 1920’s, when liberals were firmly in control across Latin American region. Liberalism can be defined as a dominant political philosophy in which almost every Latin American country was affected. A sense of progress over tradition, reason over faith, and free market over government control. Although each country was different, all liberals pursued similar policies. They emphasize on legal equality for all citizens, progress, free trade, anti-slavery, and removing power from church. Liberals declared promising changes for Latin American’s future. But Latin America had a stronger hierarchical society with more labor systems, nothing compare to the United States societies. Liberals weren’t good for Latin America. What I mean by “good” is the creation of a turning point or some type of contribution towards success. I define “good” as beneficial or helpful. The Latin American economy was stagnant between 1820 and 1850 because of independence wars, transportation and the recreation of facilities. I describe this era as, “the era when Latin America when off road”.
Approximately 250 000 people from various areas around the world enter Canada each year, as opposed to the 2000 that go to Iceland. People migrate seeking a better life and for more opportunities. Not all places can provide what people want or even need. Comparison will be made between Canada and Iceland, including the number of immigrants received every year. Canada has a drastically larger number of immigrants than Iceland. Many reasons contribute to this increased amount of immigrants, including Canada providing universal health care, access to education, and having decent weather. On the other hand, Iceland has very few hospitals for the average citizen, a lack of diversity, and unbearably cold winters. In addition, migration, whether
Did you know that Peru is one of the top ten countries to visit in the world? (UNWTO) Peru has unique music and energetic dances that are fun to see. The people are friendly and charming; they would be happy to help one find their way if they need help. But, the main reason Peru appears on the top ten list is because of its unique geographical features. Some examples are the Andes Mountains, Machu Picchu and Cusco. The art and culture of the Peruvians, as well as the people themselves,and the popular places to go, are what tourists like to see in Peru.
There are many different types of society all around the world. India and Canada for example, are two very different societies with many things that are complete opposites. Things like culture, the food, and people are just a few of the things that are very what make up a society and what the society is known for. Every society has different rules that they must follow. India and Canada both have some differences and similarities that are a part of their society.
But she wonders if there is something else other than the spirit of citizenship that could hold the Canadians together. Are there values commonly shared by the Canadians? Chong has found out solution for these questions, and she states, “What sets Canadian society apart from others is that ours is an inclusive society” (Chong, 2015. P. 8). Canadian immigration laws are forward-looking than many other countries, because the Canadian immigrants and the naturalized citizens enjoy status. Canadians understand the importance of “Unity in Diversity”. The inclusiveness is the bridge that connects the Canadians, and this bridge is tempered with the values like tolerance, fairness, understanding and
A very important event in Peruvian history is how Peru gained its independence from Spain. It all started with an uprising of Spanish-American landowners and their forces were led by Jose de San Martin of Argentina and Simon Bolivar of Venezuela. Because Peru was the stronghold of the Spanish government in South America, Argentine patriot, General San Martin’s strategy to liberate Peru was to use diplomacy. He sent representatives to Lima urging Viceroy Pazuela that Peru be granted independence, however all negotiations proved unsuccessful. They then launched Peru’s movement toward independence. San Martin led the military campaign of 4,200 soldiers. On July 28, 1821, he proclaimed the independence of Peru in Lima and said, “From this moment on, Peru is free and independent; by the general will of the people and the justice of its cause that God defends. Long live the homeland! Long live freedom! Long live our independence!” However, Spain did not identify Peru’s independence and the conflict continued. In 1824, Simon Bolivar and his assistants assembled the army at the Lake of Junín...
Therefore, drastic differences in opinion make Jose Marti the exact opposite of Domingo Sarmiento. Marti’s voice in “Our America” declares dangers of aspects stated by Sarmiento and relies on using aspects already in Latin America to fund a stable government and society. Marti claims that “to govern well an understanding and appreciation of local realities is required.” By stating this he is somewhat criticizing and differing with Sarmiento’s sacred opinions on being a pure reflection of European and foreign customs. Moreover, Marti smashes these declarations and believes influence from other countries won’t ever be as valuable as his own nation’s influence and reality. Marti is also antiracist by claiming that “the uneducated will govern because it is their nature to confront and resolve problems with their hands, while the educated dither over which formula to import.” Giving the lowest classes in civilization a voice and power is of importance to Marti contrastingly from Sarmiento according to the previous quote from the text. His American model relied on “giving way to American education… and teaching the history of the Americas, from the Incas to the present.” By educating citizens on their nation rather than imitating foreign customs, adaptation to local realities could be accomplished and therefore resulting in progress. Additionally, Marti also confesses his fear towards “our strong neighbor the United States and its expansionism of ideas, possibly influencing the Americas. However, unification through the nation’s national identity and working for common objectives despite differences is the main goal for Marti’s
One noticeable cultural difference between the society pictured in this chapter and our American society seems to be a collectivist ideology. In America we value the individual and place emphasis on distinction from the group. This causes a strong sense of competition, and leads people to take actions that would benefit themselves in spite of negative effects that may trickle to other members of the community. The culture pictured in our reading, however, seems to place greater value on family and community goals rather than the needs or wants of specific individuals.
Cayo, Jorge Riveros. "Peru's Revolution In Tastes." Americas 58.3 (2006): 44-49. Academic Search Complete. Web. 1 Mar. 2014.
Krahn, Lowe, Hughes (2008) Work, Industry, & Canadian Society. (5th ed.) Toronto, ON: Nelson Education Ltd.
I wasn’t born in Atlantic Canada but Atlantic Canadian business certainly has had an impact on my life. My father has worked for McCain Foods for over 25 years and is currently employed as the Retail Area Sales Manager, Atlantic Canada for McCain Foods so it’s no coincidence that I was born in Kitchener Waterloo just forty minutes from Sobeys Ontario’s head office which was located in Brantford Ontario and my sister in St. John’s N.L. just two years later. I guess we moved a lot in those early years, if you call six moves in 14 years a lot, but McCain was growing and McCain always promoted from within wherever possible. In this paper I will discuss some of the reasons I feel Atlantic Canadians play such an important role in Canadian business and what motivates them. I’ll draw on some of my own personal observations as well as others from reference materials.
The controversy over Canada and America, and who takes after whom has been around for many years. Canada and America are puzzles, two countries that are home to millions of people, living in relative comfort and health. We both have become nations through the help of each other and other nations. Yet, Canada has its own identity as a delightful complexity of cultures and customs, government and heroes. On the other hand, Canadians are simply not Americans by government and technology.
Globalisation is playing an increasingly important role in our lives and it is believed that it has a fundamentally beneficial influence in major societies because it offers boundless chances for business endeavours to develop and encourage trading, exchange of philosophies and employment opportunities for individuals across the globe. However, with respect to the previously mentioned facts about the degradation of the predominance and oppression of the Quechua language, it can be deduced that the effects this language is suffering due to historical events in the past and also to the great influence of globalisation are causing a severe loss of cultural identity among the Quechua- speakers. The dominant society in Peru, comes from the capital, Lima, and certain cities located mostly on the coast, which have been largely influenced by Western culture through history in comparison to the Andes, where the vast majority of Quechua speakers are settled and some traditions and costumes that belonged to the time of the Inca Empire are still maintained. Consequently, Spanish
Located in South America, Bolivia is not only a very diverse nation but also a very divided one. Throughout much of its history Bolivia has been home to violence, poverty, and political instability with the constant rise and fall of leaders. Many of the rising governments in its more recent history have contained aspects of totalitarianism, including its current one. The current Morales Government has implemented many policies of totalitarianism into Bolivia, few of which have actually helped the country but rather have led to the rise or increase in many significant issues. Bolivia’s early history was fairly stable but after the Chaco War, which lasted from 1932 to 1935, the governmental stability within the country rapidly deteriorated (Facts on File, Britannica). Bolivia gained independence in 1825, fairly early...