Pelvic Inflammatory Disease also known as PID, is an infection of a woman’s reproductive organs. It usually occurs when sexually transmitted bacteria spread from the vagina to womb (uterus), fallopian tubes, or ovaries. (http://www.cdc.gov).
Many women that develop PID have no signs and symptoms and do not ever seek treatment. Mild or no symptoms is common when the infection is caused by Chlamydia. Symptoms may include pain in lower abdomen, fever, an unusual discharge with a bad odor, and pain and or bleeding during intercourse. It is recommended to see a doctor if you are experiencing severe symptoms like, vomiting, signs of shock, such as fainting, and if you have a fever that reaches a temperature higher than 101 degrees fahrenheit. There is no actual test for PID, you can only tell with the combination of your medical history and physical results. (http://www.mayoclinic.org)
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The antibiotics cannot treat or undo any damage that has already been done. If you do not get treated, the formation of scar tissue both outside and inside the fallopian tubes can lead to tubal blockage, ectopic pregnancy ( pregnancy outside the womb), infertility, and long term abdominal pain. You can go to your doctor or any local clinic if you have any symptoms. (http://www.cdc.gov)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease is spread by having unprotected vaginal, anal and sometimes oral sex, that can result to an STD. Chlamydia, or Gonorrhea. You can prevent spreading or getting PID by practicing safe sex, not using a douche even though it can spread infections from the vagina into the uterus and fallopian tubes, and increases the risk of PID.
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory and an autoimmune disease that occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s tissue (Rheumatoid arthritis, 2017). This disease affects the entire body, which is called a systemic (means entire body) disease. Arthritis is derived from the word part arthr-, which means “joint,” and -itis, which means “inflammation,” so altogether it means “inflammation of the joints.” It creates inflammation that causes the tissue that lines the inside of joints (synovium) to thicken. About 1.5 million people in the U.S. are affected. It affects all races, but it affects three times as many women than men (What is Rheumatoid Arthritis, n.d.). Overtime, rheumatoid arthritis causes painful swelling that can potentially result in bone erosion or joint deformity, which leads up to physical disabilities. RA can affect more than just your joints, but can spread to body systems, skin, eyes, lungs, heart, blood vessels, e.t.c (Rheumatoid arthritis, 2017).
Explain your reasoning for each. The primary diagnosis is ovarian torsion. The patient present with classical signs and symptoms of RLQ abdominal pain the worsen with any movement, nausea, tachycardia, RLQ tenderness, guarding, and rebound on examination as well as right adnexal tenderness and right adnexal mass (I-Human Patients, 2017). Differential diagnosis include; pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), appendicitis, and renal colic. Clinical features that favor the diagnosis of PID are non-migratory pain, bilateral pelvic tenderness and absence of nausea or vomiting. Appendicitis typically presents with poorly localized colicky central abdominal pain associated with anorexia and vomiting. Renal colic typically presents with sudden onset of severe unilateral colicky pain radiating from the loin to the groin, which comes in waves, very similar to torsion (Krishnan, Kaur, Bali, & Rao,
Urinary Tract Infection, also known as UTI, occurs in two common locations, the bladder and kidneys. The kidneys are important organs that aid in filtering out waste products from blood and maintaining water distribution throughout the body. The waste products are filtered out via bladder, which is the reason of the bladder being the second site for the infection. A normal human being has two kidneys, one on left and right side, a bean shaped organ, and is located at the back of the abdomen. “Each kidney is about 11.5 cm long, 5-7.5 cm broad, 5 cm thick, and weight about 150 grams” (HealthInfoNet, Paragraph 2). Furthermore, a bacterium named Escherichia coli lives in both the kidneys and the GI tract. E. coli is part of the human body and produces
In untreated gonorrhea infections, the bacteria can spread up into the reproductive tract, or more rarely, can spread through the blood stream and infect the joints, heart valves, or the brain. The most common result of untreated gonorrhea is PID, a serious infection of the female reproductive organs. Gonococcal PID often appears immediately after the menstrual period. PID causes scar tissue to form in the fallopian tubes. If the tube is only partially scarred, the fertilized egg cannot pass into the uterus.
Endometriosis is a very painful disease where tissue that usually grows inside the uterus grows outside the uterus. Because this tissue is endometrial tissue it still breaks down and bleeds during the menstrual cycle. Once the tissue breaks down there is no way for it to leave the body. This can cause severe pain. Endometriosis can also involve the ovaries and cyst can form called endometriomas. There are several symptoms from endometriosis, severe abdominal pain, pain with intercourse, pain with bowel movement, extremely painful periods, and excessive bleeding.
Evaluating the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in women who have undergone hysterectomy: A review of literature
Endometriosis appears to be caused by multiple factors such as the implantation of endometrial tissue outside of the endometrium, immune dysfunction, abnormal hormonal signaling, and genetics.
The anachronism IBD stands for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, the two main IBDs are Chron’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis, both of which are considered to be primary autoimmune disorders. These occur when the immune system mistakenly targets and damages healthy tissue and cells. IBD symptoms and onset can occur at any time of life but most commonly present as a young adult, aged 15-30, although a later life peak between the ages of 50-70 has also been observed, at a much lower incidence. The common symptoms for these diseases are;
Bacterial vaginosis is identified with patient with high incidence of endometritis and pelvic inflammatory disease status post abortion and/or gynecological procedures (Hainer & Gibson, 2011). This vaginal infection, bacterial vaginosis, has been associated with status post and postpartum endometritis, pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), and during pregnancy, late fetal loss and spontaneous preterm birth (Verstraelen, Verhelst, Vaneechoutte, & Temmerman, 2010).
The infection leads to the inflammation of the cervix, otherwise known as cervicitis. Similar to the male ghonorrea symptoms, a yellow coloured discharge is secreted which then causes the swelling of the vulva. Though the infection does not always spread to the urethra, it is not uncommon and the woman will experience a burning sensation while urinating. When diagnosed and treated early, gonorrhea is cleared up rather quickly, more than ninety percent of the time. However, the woman is at a high risk of pelvic inflammatory disease if the infection is spread to the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, and other parts of her reproductive organs. Most women become aware of the infection when PID is developed. Common symptoms of PID include cramps, irregular menstrual cycles, fever, nausea, pain during intercourse, and more. Whether these symptoms are present or not, PID may cause scarring of the fallopian tubes resulting in infertility. Antibiotics and sometimes surgery are required for the treatment of PID. (Rathus, Nevid, Fichner-Rathus, & McKay, 2015,
[Author] [Nutrition and diet in inflammatory bowel disease] [Institution] [University] Nutrition and diet in inflammatory bowel disease Introduction Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a collective term used to describe two medical complications of digestive tract or gastro-intestinal tract, which are Crohn’s Disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is major disease affecting about 60 thousand people in Australia, about 1.4 million in United States (US) while in Europe its prevalence is about 2.2 million persons who suffer from these diseases (Kansal, Wagner, Kirkwood & Catto-Smith, 2013; Loftus, 2004 ). Environmental factors are very much importance for prevalence of disease. The strongest environmental factors leading towards the incidence of the disease are smoking and bad or unhealthy eating habits. Apart from this surgical removal of appendix can also be one of the encouraging factor for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
A history of sexual intercourse followed by the formation of painful ulcers on genitalia, as well as the development of fluctuant, unilateral bubo (i.e. regional inflammation and enlargement of one or more lymph nodes) are the classic indicators that point towards the diagnosis of chancroid.
Sexually Transmitted Diseases Sexually Transmitted Diseases STDs, a.k.a venereal diseases, infectious diseases passed from one person to another during sexual contact. STDs are the most common infections known. More than 12 million people in the United States, including 3 million teenagers, are infected with STDs every year. The United States has the highest STD rate in the world about one in ten Americans will contract an STD during his or her lifetime. People who do not know they are infected risk infecting their sexual partners and, in some cases, their unborn children. If left untreated, these diseases may cause pain or may destroy a woman's ability to have children. Some STDs can be cured with a single dose of antibiotics, but AIDS cannot be cured. Those most at risk for contracting STDs are people who have unprotected sex—without using a condom, people who have multiple partners, and people whose sex partners are drug users who share needles. Static’s show that Americans between the ages of 16 and 24 are most likely of catching STDs than older adults, because younger people usually have multiple sexual partners than an older person in a long-term relationship. Teenagers may be embarrassed to tell their sexual partners they are infected Teenagers may also be embarrassed or unable to seek medical attention for STDs. This means that they only more likely to pass the disease to other young people and have a greater risk of suffering the long-term consequences of untreated STDs. STDs are transmitted by infectious bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungi, and single-celled organisms called protozoa that live in warm, moist parts of the body, like the genital area, mouth, and throat. Most STDs are spread while having sex, but oral sex can also spread disease. Some STDs are passed from a mother to her child while pregnant, when the disease enters the baby's bloodstream, during childbirth as the baby passes through the birth canal, or after birth, when the baby drinks infected breast milk. AIDS can be transmitted by blood contact such as open wounds, between people who share infected needles or received through an injection of infected blood. Some people believe that STDs can be transmitted through shaking hands or other casual contact, or through contact with inanimate objects such as clothing or toilet seats, but they can’t. Chlamydeous, is from trachoma is bacterium, is the most commonly transmitted STD in the United States.
The issue with Social media and online education for STD’s is public vs Privacy. There
It takes years for most women to be diagnosed with this mysterious disease, says Ghadir. Unfortunately, that's because the only definitive way to diagnose it is with a surgical biopsy of the tissue. Still, Ghadir urges women to tell their doctor if they have any of the symptoms: chronic pelvic pain, severe menstrual cramps, spotting before your period, painful bowel movements or urination especially during your period, and discomfort or pain during sex especially during deep