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Mythology and its impact
Mythology and its influence on history
Mythology and its influence on history
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Parallel Greek Myths Mythology is the traditions that have been passed down orally, among a culture, for many generations. Myths can include several different elements, often varying slightly. Most include fantasy or unnatural characters, such as monsters, dragons, gods and goddesses. Myths generally tell a story which is the basis for many beliefs among a culture. Greek and Roman myths encompass the gods that the cultures worship. Myths often serve to teach a lesson or play on superstitions. The origin is unknown and because it has been handed down orally, there are variations in the story. The story often travels around to other cultures also. This leads to similar myths among cultures. Similar situations and characters appear in several myths. An example of this is the Greek myths Io, Arachne, and Daedalus and Icarus. Although these stories are unrelated, they have similar aspects. They all use the transformations between people and animals and have a common theme of jealousy. A psychoanalysis of these myths shows deeper connections behind the stories. In Greek mythology Io was an Argive princess and the daughter of the river god Inachus. She became the object of Zeus' affection, who changed her into a white heifer to protect her from his jealous wife Hera. Hera still suspected that the cow was really Zeus' mistress, so she asked for it as a gift from Zeus. She also requested that is be guarded by the 100-eyed monster Argus. This way Io would not be able to escape because the monster never slept with all of his eyes closed. Zeus then sent his son Hermes to rescue Io. Hermes managed to put all of Argus' eyes to sleep with a series of boring stories. He then killed the monster. Hera was still angr... ... middle of paper ... ...ries. On-line. Internet. 8 Dec. 2000. Available: www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/freud.html Garside, Adam. "Io". Encyclopedia Mythica. On-line. Internet. 9 Dec. 2000. Available: http://www.pantheon.org Humphries, Rolfe tr. Ovid: Metamorphoses. Indiana University Press: Bloomington. 1983 "Johann Jakob Bachofen" Microsoft Encarta Encyclopedia. CD-ROM. 2000 Lee, Melissa. "Arachne". Encyclopedia Mythica. On-line. Internet. 8 Dec. 2000. Available: http://www.pantheon.org Menninger, William C. "Freud, Sigmund". Microsoft® Encarta® Online Encyclopedia 2000. 9 Dec. 2000. Available: http://encarta.msn.com Rowell, Maria Helena. "Psychoanalysis". The Freud Page. On-line. Internet. 9 Dec. 2000. Available: http://www.geocities.com/~mhrowell/ Thompson, Martha. "Perdix". Encyclopedia Mythica. On-line. Internet. 9 Dec. 2000. Available: http://www.pantheon.org
Freud, S., Strachey, J., Freud, A., Rothgeb, C., & Richards, A. (1953). The standard edition of the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud (1st ed.). London: Hogarth Press.
Poseidon, Athena, and Hermes’ roles are of great significance in The Odyssey. The portrayal of gods and goddesses are crucial to the affairs of Odysseus’ adventure. Without the wisdom of Athena and Hermes, Odysseus would not have had the guidance he needed to return home. However, without the interference of Poseidon, Odysseus would not have gotten into the disarray of a journey he was in. All in all, The Odyssey is an ideal example of the harm and hand that gods and goddesses had on Greek culture, mythology, and
"Freud, Sigmund." Science in the Early Twentieth Century: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, 2005. Credo Reference. Web. 12 Jan. 2014. .
Contemporary Psychology, 36, 575-577. Freud, S. (1961). The Species of the World. The Complete Works of Sigmund Freud. London: The Hogarths.
Mythology is the study of a compiled group of stories that describe the culture’s practices and past experiences. Mythology is a valuable aspect of every culture. It communicates the culture’s truthful everyday experiences or fabricated details of past events, roles, and traditions such as family, sexuality, art, religion, philosophy, laws and marriage. A culture’s collective group of stories help communicate loyalty, ethical and rational teachings, and social models. Ancient Greece and Egypt are two cultures that we’ve studied in this course so far that I will discuss the Creation Myth associated with each culture.
They had similar beliefs, but also immeasurable differences. It was composed of many meaningful gods and goddesses that all played a part in the everyday life of the average Roman and Greek person of that time.
Aruru, the goddess of creation, favored Gilgamesh, but was forced to create a half man, half beast name Enkidu to satisfy the complaints of the elderly about Gilgamesh’s harsh treatments towards them. “Let her create a partner for Gilgamesh, mighty in strength, let then contend with each other, that Uruk may have peace” (Gilgamesh 60). At first, they were enemies, but after a long battle, they became friends with Enkidu tempering Gilgamesh. Gilgamesh and Enkidu received the wrath of the god, Ishtar, after they killed Humbaba and the Bull of Heaven. Odysseus asked for the favor and instructions from the gods by giving them sacrifices and trying to please them. During their adventures, Odysseus and Telemachus occasionally experienced the wrath of several gods when they displeased them. For example, “Athena spoke these words, but she did not yet give Odysseus the strength to turn the tide” (Homer 552). Athena always seemed to eventually help Odysseus and Telemachus, but she occasionally tested their perseverance. Many other gods disguised themselves to help Odysseus and Telemachus to be successful in their adventures. Disguises were prevalent in “The Odyssey”, both in the realms of the gods as well as mortal
Mythology is known as a collection of myths, mainly belonging to a specific religion or cultural tradition. Mythology is known worldwide and is passed down, usually orally, to the youth. Mythology cannot be proven to be completely true, due to the lack of verified written proof. The three in this section include; Hindu, Egypt, and African each has their own way of how the world was created.
Mythology is defined as a collection of interrelated stories of a given culture. Myths are intended to explain and describe the mysteries of nature and give understanding about the world that surrounds us. Each culture has their own mythology that reflects their values and beliefs. Myths were also generated to tell the story of the first people to inhabit the earth. The Egyptian mythology elevated these people to the level of Gods and Goddesses by giving them supernatural and special powers. These myths of creation were passed from one generation to the next, either orally or by hieroglyphs painted in sacred temples, pyramids, and sanctuaries.
Freud, Sigmund. New Introductory Lectures on Psycho-Analysis. Ed. James Strachey. Trans. James Strachey. Standard. Vol. 22. London: Hogarth Press, 1964.
Rabstejnek, C. V. (2011). History and Evolution of the Unconscious before and after Sigmund Freud. Psychology, 22 (4), 524-543.
Essentially, there are three typical characteristics of mythology. Classic myths often include gods or supernatural heroes, are “closely linked to religion,” and “generally take place in a primordial age, when the world had not yet achieved its current form” (“Mythology” Wikipedia). Furthermore, myths provide an explanation for the existence of life and how the world came to be.
The Classical mythology contains tales and epics of the ancient Greek and roman literatures and myths. On the other hand, Homer’s two epic poems, the Iliad relates to the events of the Trojan War while the Odyssey details Odysseus expedition after the war. Homer’s epic poems, the Odyssey and the Iliad present a major part of ancient history as modern fictional heroic stories. In ancient Greek, heroes were humans who were depicted to possess superhuman abilities. A key example in the classical mythology is Akhilles who is later known in Homer’s Iliad as Achilles. Achilles is he greatest hero of the Iliad whereas Odysseus is the greatest hero of the Odyssey. The greatest heroes from classic mythology and the modern fictional hero’s stories are mortal, and subject to death. The Odyssey and the Iliad marks the beginning of modern fictional literature.
"Freud, Sigmund Schlomo." Psychologists and Their Theories for Students. Ed. Kristine Krapp. Vol. 1. Detroit: Gale, 2005. 145-173. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.
In conclusion, myths reflect show us the Greeks view on the world, religion, and nature. Their understanding of the world is both similar and different compared to modern society. Myths also reflect the importance of gods in the Greek society and how each god represented something different. In addition, we can see the role of monsters in myths, what they represent and how were they important. Myths also show us the role of women in society and whether they were as important as men or not.