Pinus lambertiana, commonly known as the sugar pine, is found on the west coast in the mountains of Nevada, California, Oregon and Mexico. The sugar pine is the tallest of all pines and has the longest cones of any conifer. It is very important in these regions for both economical purposes and the environment. (Habeck)
The sugar pine is said to be the worlds largest pine, growing to nearly 200 feet tall with a trunk diameter of seven feet. (About sugar pine) The tallest recorded sugar pine still alive today, however, is 255 feet tall with a seven and a half foot diameter. It was found in the Rogue River-Siskiyou National Forest. These trees can grow to an age of about 400-500 years. sugar pine’s also have huge cones averaging 12-18 inches in length, but some can be as long as two feet. (About sugar pine)
Their range starts from the western slope of the Cascade Range in north-central Oregon all the way to the Sierra San Pedro Martir in Baja California. Most of its distribution is centered from the Klamath and Siskiyou mountains and on western slopes of the Cascade Range and Sierra Nevada. Smaller patches also occur on the coast of southern Oregon and California, transverse ranges of southern California, and east of the Cascade and Sierra Nevada crests. Nearly 80% of its distribution is in California. (Habeck)
Sugar pines are found in a variety of places including moist, steep, north, east and south facing slopes. They tend to like deep, well drained soils that have a slight to neutral acidic level. While these trees can and do grow on steep and rugged land, the best growth occurs on gentle terrain at middle elevations in sandy to clay-like soils. These sugar pines grow from sea level up to a maximum of about 10,000 feet. The ele...
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Fattig, P. (2012, June 04). Tree hunters find world. Retrieved from http://www.mailtribune.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20120604/NEWS/206040302.us/spfo/pubs/silvics_manual/Volume_1/pinus/lambertiana.htm
Habeck, R. (1992). Index of species information. Retrieved from http://www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/tree/pinlam/all.html
Kinloch, B., & Scheuner, W. (n.d.). Sugar pine. Retrieved from http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/silvics_manual/Volume_1/pinus/lambertiana.htm
Lang, F. (n.d.). Sugar pine. Retrieved from http://www.oregonencyclopedia.org/entry/view/sugar_pine/
Talbot, M. (1944, December 27). Site preparation as an aid to sugar pine regeneration. Retrieved from http://www.fs.fed.us/psw/publications/documents/psw_rn_os041/cfres_rn041.pdf
Worrall, J. (2009, Dec 30). White pine blister rust. Retrieved from http://www.forestpathology.org/dis_wpbr.html
Grelen, Harold E. May Burns Stimulate Growth of Longleaf Pine Seedlings. New Orleans: Southern Forest Experiment Station, 1978.
In The Dull Knifes of Pine Ridge by Joe Starita, Starita focuses on five generations of the Dull Knife family which goes from the 1870s until the present. He starts by asking the reader to visualize the history of the Dull Knife family and how they had to adapt and were able to survive after the Northern Cheyenne were forcefully removed from the northern plains to Oklahoma Indian Territory and 3 back to the northern plains again. The story started with Guy Dull Knife Sr. living in a convalescent home in Colorado and would start to trace his ancestry back to the original Chief Dull Knife. George Dull Knife, his son, was born in 1875, most likely came north to the Pine Ridge reservation many years after and found his identity with the Lakota rather than the Northern Cheyenne. George
It’s light blue wings flutter softly as it flies from Lupine plant to Lupine plant. Icaricia icarioides missionensis ( Mission Blue Butterfly) was discovered in 1937. Icaricia icarioides missionensis is native to the San Francisco Bay Area of California. It has lost most of it habitat in the region to development , and is thus limited to residing only in the Twin Peaks of San Francisco, Fort Baker in Marin County, and San Bruno Mountain in San Mateo County. Human beings are the main reason for the decline in the Mission Blue’s natural habitat. If something is not done to prevent further damage, and reverse the previous, Icaricia icarioides missionensis will be in danger of becoming extinct. Various wildlife preservation organizations, such as the San Francisco Recreation and Park Department and the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, have come up with several methods for attempting to recover the Mission Blue population.
get more wrinkled and cracked as the years go by. The tree can be looked upon as something not that
The area extends into Louisiana, Arkansas, and Oklahoma. “The terrain is rolling with lower, wetter bottomlands that grow hardwood trees such as elm, mesquite and ash. This region is home to a variety of plants and animals that like woodlands and shorelines.” (Texas Parks and wildlife, n.d.) The major rivers in this area are the Sabine, Cypress, Sulpher, and Red. The major aquifer is the Carrizo-Wilcox. And the land area of the Pineywoods is 23,500 square miles. “Regional average rainfall for the area is 40-52 in./yr. and the reagional average net evaporation rate is 16-32 inches.” (Texas Parks and wildlife, n.d.) “The average temperature in the Pineywood’s region can range beteween 36(F) in the winter to upwards of 94(F0 in the summer.” (unknown,
Uncolonized North America was once inhabited by many organisms that have now become extinct. The extinction of these organisms can be blamed on the over harvesting of valuable resources or the introduction of foreign diseases from importation. One of these extinct organisms was the American chestnut. The American chestnut once inhabited the Eastern portion of North America from Maine to Florida. The great tree was once a dominant species that inhabited the Appalachian Mountains. The tree provided a staple diet to pre-colonized North American inhabitants and the immigrants of Europe. The great tree which dominated the overstory deciduous forest would soon meet its demise from a foreign invader by the mid- twentieth century.
The California condor lives in California, Arizona, and Baja California, Mexico. They survive as north as Big Sur to Ventura County and as east as the Sierra Nevada Mountain range, with other populations inhabiting the Grand Canyon in Arizona. They can be found in many national parks including Grand Canyon National Park, Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, and Pinnacles National Monument. There are about 435 California condors in the world today, in which there are 237 living wild in the southwestern part of the United States. Their habitat consists of forest regions, rocky canyons, gorge cliffs, and mountains.
The plants growing among Montana’s peaks and valleys range from tall evergreen trees to grasses. The mountainous areas are covered with forests. However, at each level, from the mountaintops to the valleys, there are different, distinct collections of plant life. The mountainsides are largely covered with towering spruce, pine, cedar, and Douglas fir trees (Av2
2.On the Global Rank scale, I believe that the laurel sumac would be considered a G5. It is both common and widespread all throughout the state of California. It is mainly found along the coast of Southern California or throughout the Pacific Ocean Coasts.
The Pecan tree is a native tree to North America. When early European settlers traveled across the sea to settle in the New World, they found pecan trees located in numerous places in this new land. Since then, the pecan tree has become one of the most important orchard species in terms of acreage. Indians began using pecans almost 8000 years ago in what is now Texas. The first budded pecan trees were produced in Louisiana in the mid-1800s and orchards have been established throughout the Southern states. The first recorded shipment of pecans to England was documented in 1761, by Spanish and European explorers (Anderson and Crocker, 2004). In 1917, a commercial shipment of pecans came out of Georgia and since then, Georgia has been the leading producer of pecans. Although Georgia is the leading producer, in some years collections of pecans from wild trees in Oklahoma and Texas surpass the production in Georgia.
Many old-growth forests across the landscape of northern Lower Peninsula of Michigan contain a mixture of tree species rather than a monoculture. Many researchers have put forward ideas to explain the competition and co-existence of tree species in such communities. A theory explaining competition and co-existence between two species is gap regeneration. Gap regeneration is when a gap is created upon death of a plant individual and a new individual, sometimes of the same species as died and sometimes not dependent on environmental heterogeneity, takes its place (Kenneth Lertzman). Canopy gaps during gap regeneration can be explained by either reciprocal replacement or habitat preference . In a reciprocal replacement, seedlings of one species would be found predominately under large trees ...
Photosynthesis is the conversion of sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into sugar. The better the growing conditions the better the sugar production. The most ideal conditions are a large crown of leaves, a sunny summer and fall, and a late frost. " The run itself is improved by four conditions: a severe winter that freezes the roots, snow cover that keeps the roots cold in the spring, extreme variations in temperature from day to night that are typical to mountain climates, and good exposure to the sun." (Pg. 383). The results are a thin sap that has a harsh flavor, best found in the northeastern states.
The Mountain Pine Beetle epidemic has become a major problem for North America in the last decade. While only the size of a grain of rice, the MPB has caused massive forest destruction in British Columbia as well as many parts of the United States. According to British Columbia’s government website (2012) “The B.C. Ministry of Forests, Lands and Natural Resource Operations estimates that the mountain pine beetle has now killed a cumulative total of 710 million cubic meters of timber since the current infestation began”. This damage doesn’t even include the More than 3.3 million forested acres in Colorado that have been affected by MPB since the current infestation began more than a decade ago. (Report on the Health of Colorado’s Forests). These aren’t the first outbreaks of the MBP though, and the beetle itself has been around for over 12,000 years. (D. Six n.d). There have been recorded outbreaks dating back to the 1920’s, but what makes this latest one so severe? (MBP Symp 2003) (p.43). The answer to this question is, a perfect mix of warmer winters, longer, drier summers, and larger, older pine stands.
The heavy rains (150 inches a year) are famous in the Pacific Northwest and have created a lush, mossy and primeval-looking forest of enormous trees. Generally on the western side of the park, there are several ways to ...
States and southern Canada. In the west, the species was found from Mexico to California.