Outlining Two Theories of Development

Theories of child development have been researched and published over the years. These researches have been done by popular theorists four of whom are Piaget (1896 –1980), Vygotsky (1896 –1934), Ausubel (1918 –2008) and Kohlberg (1927 –1987). First and foremost let me define the term theory. A theory is a collection of related statements; the principal function of which is to summarize and explain observations. It is in a sense an invention designed to make sense of what we know or suspect. Developmental theory on the other hand is a systematic statement of principles and generalizations that provides a coherent framework for understanding how and why people change as they grow older. The writer in her essay will outline two theories of development Lawrence Kohlberg and Jean Piaget who spoke about the moral and cognitive development respectively.

Lawrence Kohlberg as the first theorist being outlined is an American Psychologist who wrote in his research what are now known as stages of moral development. Moral development as defined by is the process through which children develop proper attitudes and behaviour towards other people in society, based on social and cultural norms, rules, and laws. These stages are planes of moral adequacy conceived to explain the development of moral reasoning. This was created while he was studying psychology at the University of Chicago, as a result of the inspiration of the work of Jean Piaget. Kohlberg’s theory has three levels (Pre-conventional, Conventional and Post-Conventional) and six stages Obedience and Punishment, here the child focus on pursuing concrete interest, while avoiding sanctions. Individualism and instrumental purpose, this is where what is right is what is fair. You do your...

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...ive ability. Hence, Piaget’s stage may only fit some children. Having knowledge of these stages I will know children’s ability and capability therefore appropriate lessons will be prepared for them; children who are highly advanced and are far beyond their cognitive stage will be catered for as such. The emergent teacher will allow that child to learn in his/her realm while socializing with his/her peer.

In conclusion, theories of development have vastly affected how facilitators, teachers, lecturers and many others think with regards to individual’s development. As the emergent teacher I see it very important for teachers such as myself to know and understand the views of the different theories of development and used it as a guide in planning appropriate lessons and getting children actively involve in the teaching and learning process.

Works Cited

wikipedia.com