Maggie Murray History E Priovolos 31 May 2024 How did the Ottoman-Safavid Conflict affect the world during the First Global Age? Two empires, labeled the strongest in the world, rose from the Middle East. In the midst of the First Global Age, they waged war against each other. This destructive event took place from 1534 CE until 1639 CE (Ways of the World : a Brief Global History with Sources, Robert W. Strayer). To start, Shah Isma’il I, the first Safavid ruler, (ruled from 1501 to 1524), made his entire state’s religion Shia Islam, and moreover pronounced war on all of his neighbors, whose religions were all Sunni Islam. To counter his act, Sultan Selim I, ruler of the Ottomans at the time, expelled those who advocated for the Safavids from …show more content…
Osman I became the first Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. The Ottoman Empire would conquer many places, and make their main religion Sunni Islam, a branch of Islam. Sunni Muslims believe that the citizens should choose the next leader of Islam. Their rivals were the Safavid Empire, who they fought in the Ottoman-Safavid Conflict. A man named Isma’il I established the Safavid Empire in the year 1501 (ruled from 1501 to 1524) (“Safavid Empire (1502-1722), BBC). When Isma’il I became in charge of the Sufism order, he became the first Shah, the leader of the Safavids (“Safavid Dynasty”, Gale in Context World History). The Safavid Empire emerged in Persia, which is in modern-day Iran. Like the Ottoman Empire, the Safavid Empire would also conquer many places, but unlike the Ottomans, their main religion would be Shia Islam, another branch of Islam. Shia Muslims believe that Muhammad’s ancestors should be the next leaders of …show more content…
The opposing forces disliked the empire’s views concerning religion. While going on a voyage to discuss matters with Isma’il, Selim decides to write him a letter. In that letter, Selim wrote, ““Then, with the support and assistance of God, I will crown the head of every gallows tree with the head of a crown-wearing Sufi and clear that faction from the face of the earth—“God’s followers are sure to triumph” (Qur’an 5: 56)” (500th Anniversary of the Battle of Chaldiran (Aug. 1514): Letter Exchange between Sultan Selim I (d. 1520) and Shah Isma'il (d. 1524), Selim Selim wants to get rid of all the Shia Muslims by killing them due to the fact that he believes that Sunni Muslims are superior. When he added the quote, ““God’s followers are sure to triumph” (Qur’an 5: 56)” (500th Anniversary of the Battle of Chaldiran (Aug. 1514): Letter Exchange between Sultan Selim I (d. 1520) and Shah Isma'il (d. 1524), Selim and Isma’il), he was implying that the Sunni Muslims will win, and the Shia Muslims will lose. In response, Isma’il inscribed in his letter, “He who falls upon the house of ‘Ali always falls.” (500th Anniversary of the Battle of Chaldiran (Aug. 1514): Letter Exchange between Sultan Selim I (d. 1520) and Shah Isma'il (d. 1524), Selim and Isma’il) Selim writes that the people who follow Shia Islam believe wrong.
The failure of defensive development in Egypt, the Ottoman Empire, and Persia had a large and long-lasting effect on the Muslim world. The original goal of the reforms was to end European intervention, revive the weakening empires, and to be on equal standing with Europe. Yet, all three empires over-utilized the wealth and knowledge of Europe, leading to their ultimate demise. The empires wished to impose reforms in the military, economics, education, and law which the region had not experienced previously. This resulted in backlash, violence, and division within the empires eventually leading to bankruptcy, ironically, to those which they wished to separate themselves.
In the 16th century, the Mesopotamia had served as an intermediate for trade between Europe, Africa, and Asia. It was also an important supplier on food goods on foreign trade, especially silk and cotton. Other than the Ottoman Empire who had control over it, they also had there competitive rivals, the Persian Safavids who also had control over it. The Persians Muslim faith clashed with the Ottoman’s devotion to Sunnism. Both groups had fought economically for the control over the western trade routes to the East. The Ottomans had captured Europe’s largest city, Constantinople, in May 1453. After it was captured, the Ottoman’s had renamed it Istanbul, as it became the city capital of The Ottoman Empire.
The Ottoman Empire was one of the longest running empires in history, spanning 624 years. The women of the Ottoman empire were often limited to the household of their husband’s and held back by Ottoman lawmakers and authorities. The point of view of outsiders was varied, but there were both positive and negative views.
Unlike most “victimized” cultures of Western European domination, the Ottoman Empire was considerably successful and powerful for many years, particularly in the sixteenth and early seventeenth century under the rule of Sulayman the Magnificent (Haberman, 132). By 1520, the Ottoman Empire had secured much of the Arab Middle East, Belgrade and most of Hungary (Haberman, 132...
...ir religion upon the people (325). Thus, these peoples found refuge in Muslims from Byzantine oppression (325). Muslim conquerors tolerated other religions and offered protection for many peoples (326). Christian Europe developed a lasting fear and suspicion of the Muslims as they were assaulted and challenged by them at all fronts (326) In both the east and west the Muslim invasion was confronted and halted though contact between Muslims and Christians continued (326). Muslims regarded Byzantium “as a model to learn from and improve upon” (326). Despite the differences between the Christian west and the Muslim world, there was creative interchange between the two (326). Sine the Arabs were more advanced, the West benefited from this interchange most (326).
The emergence of gunpowder and the ability to create increasingly more accurate firearms in the Middle East and Europe in the fifteenth century sparked the growth of two highly militant empires. The Habsburgs, hailing mostly from the Iberian Peninsula, fully began to rise when Charles V inherited Spain, American territories, western Mediterranean territories, and Austria from his parents. The Ottoman Empire had its humble beginnings as a nomadic group; however, it later became a force to be reckoned with upon the capture of Constantinople (now Istanbul). Since these two emerging empires were in close proximity, military dominance was a necessity. The Ottomans were rightfully feared for their military due to their strict training regulations
Spielvogel, Jackson J. "The Muslim Empires: The Ottoman Empire.” Glencoe World History. New York, NY: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, 2005. p.484-489. Print.
Battles raged on between the Ottoman Empire and religious group Safavid Empire. Ismail I was leading the Safavid Brotherhood. Ismail I control much of Iran and expanded his empire to parts of modern day Georgia and Turkey (Safavid Empire). He named the religion of the soon Safavid Empire, Shi’ism. Which was disturbing to neighboring civilizations. He was thought to be the rightful head of the Muslims. This is the reason for conflicts with the Ottoman Empire, because they seized control of the Islamic religion. In the year of 1514 AD Shah Ismail I was defeated by the Ottoman Sultan Selim I, which was his Sunni rival (Ismail I).
The Persian Empire was a vast empire that started with Cyrus the Great in 553 B.C. In its time it was largest empire ever seen. Known now as the Persian Empire it was known as the Achaemenid Empire. The Achaemenid Empire was the largest that the ancient world had seen extending from Anatolia and Egypt. It stretched across Asia to northern India. Its formation began in 550 B.C., when Astyages of Media, who dominated much of Iran and Anatolia was defeated by his southern neighbor Cyrus, He would be known as Cyrus the Great, king of Persia. This upset the balance of power in the East. The Lydians of Anatolia under took advantage of the fall of Media to push east and clashed with Persian forces. The Lydian army withdrew for the winter but the Persians advanced to the Lydian capital which fell after a two week battle. The Lydians had been allied with the Babylon and Egypt and
The Tanzimat: Reform in the Ottoman Empire. During its prime, the Ottoman Empire was one of the largest and most powerful empires in the entire world. Unfortunately for the Ottomans, various problems arose, and eventually the empire started to decline. This resulted in a period of reform, known as the Tanzimat.
Analysis For hundreds of years before European intervention, the Ottoman Empire had controlled or annexed most of the Arabic people. However few states did exist, mostly on the Saudi Arabian peninsula, they possessed minimal forms of government and rule, existing in small tribal states. Despite the immense territorial possessions of the Ottoman Empire, it began to decline with a series of military defeats beginning in the 16th century. Most of their fleet was wiped with a loss of 210 ships and 30,000 men killed1, and the event is often cited by historians as the ‘end of Turkish supremacy in the Mediterranean’2, and the turning point of Ottoman conquest and rule. It wasn’t until the end of the 19th century that the Ottoman Empire became the ‘sick man’ of Europe.
Under Suleiman, the Ottoman Empire from 1520 to 1566 who not only undertook bold military campaigns that enlarged his realm but also oversaw the development of what came to be regarded as the most characteristic achievements of Ottoman civilization in the fields of law, literature, art, and architecture. Suleiman is notable for his military and naval achievements that helped expand his empire from Asia across to North Africa. He is known for his attacks on Hungary in 1526 and the Battle of the Mohacs in 1529. Each of these battles expanded the territory of the Ottoman Empire significantly and lead his naval fleet to become a dominant power of the time period. Suleiman’s armies conquered Hungary, over which the Ottomans maintained control for over 150 years, and they advanced as far west as Vienna,
The Ottoman Empire was founded roughly 1300 CE and continued to expand and develop into a world power up until around 1600 CE. This was caused by a variety of reasons, including but not limited to: military technology, highly developed culture, and well organized bureaucratic systems. These factors helped the Ottoman Empire succeed against the many hardships of the time and create a massive and relatively well controlled civilization. The technology that was used by the Ottomans allowed them to conquer new lands and control the land that was already occupied. Military technology expanded greatly during the span of the Ottoman Empire expanse, allowing for superior armies for waging war.
The name of the Ottoman Empire comes from the name Osman I which was the founder of this empire and ruler of the Ottoman dynasty. The Ottoman Empire was a state that conquered much of southeastern Europe, western Asia and northern Africa in the 14th century. During the 16th century, the Ottoman Empire was a multinational, multilingual empire controlling most of Southeast Europe.
The Ottoman Empire was founded by Osman I, a valiant young warrior fighting as a Seljuk subordinate on the frontiers of the Byzantine Empire in the late thirteenth century. The Ottoman Empire were overwhelmingly Islamic. The Empire existed from 1299 to 1923 as one of the largest and longest lasting Empires in history. Moreover, the Ottomans were one of the most successful empires, and one of the most powerful civilizations which conquered many lands throughout Asia, Africa, and Europe. The Ottomans state began as one of many states that emerged in Asia Minor during the end of the Seljuk Turks.