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Dimensions of indigenous religions
Native american culture and spirituality
Native american culture and spirituality
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Recommended: Dimensions of indigenous religions
INDG 1116 Module 2 Reading 1AIM is only one voice addressing these concerns.Vine Deloria, Jr., wrote about the unique character ofNative American religious life in God is Red. In otherworks—Custer Died for Your Sins and We Talk,. YouListen—Debra expressed urgent Indian concerns andcalledfor Euro-Americans to recognize a failed pluralism, especially the nation’s economic system that hasmarginalized the tribes and devastated their remaining lands.Religiousness and Contemporary NativeAmerican PeoplesUnlike Christianity, which concentrates all power inthe hands of God who bestows it on human beings as anact of grace, Native American religious world viewsemphasize the interdependence of all beings. Even theGreat Spirit needs humans, just as they need him,because ifpeople live beyond the pale of religious orderby not honoring the other beings of the cosmos, theywill create disturbances that will cause destruction …show more content…
andchaos. Mother Earthreminds her people that her wellbeing depends on responsible human action.
The Yaqui(Yoeme) people of Arizona, for example, do Jesus’swork and think of him as being like their little brother,the Deer. Both Deer and Jesus are perfect innocentswho give their lives so that others may live. The Yoemeperform ceremonies in honor of Jesus: at theend of theEaster Ceremony in which they empower Jesus to(p. 700) resurrect Himself, they ring the bell of their church tocall St. Michael to carry to heaven the flowers thatbloom from their ritual labor. Every year, in a ceremonythat attracts thousands of people, the Zuni of NewMexico perform Shalako, a ceremony in which thegreat powers of the cosmos enter the Pueblo and dancewith the people. In the Pacific Northwest, the Salishsing and dance the powers given them by their spirithelpers, thereby acknowledging the religious obligations that make life possible.(Picture missing)Indian medicine conference (Photo by Ilka Hartmann)These are key insights expressed in past and presentNative American religious activity.
The world is composed of persons, not things. Some persons, includingsome human beings, are powerful, while some are not.Some persons act in caring, respectful, and nurturingways; many do not. In brief, all people have responsibility towards others, whether or not they act accordingly.These insights were formed in the mythic period inwhich Native American cultures came into being, playthemselves out in various religious community structures, and are embodied in religious, kinship, political relations, and economic activity. The insights arerenewed in ritual performances, great and small. Inall these ways, American Indians create themselvesin powerful acts that renew solidarity with all theworld’s people
Pages one to sixty- nine in Indian From The Inside: Native American Philosophy and Cultural Renewal by Dennis McPherson and J. Douglas Rabb, provides the beginning of an in-depth analysis of Native American cultural philosophy. It also states the ways in which western perspective has played a role in our understanding of Native American culture and similarities between Western culture and Native American culture. The section of reading can be divided into three lenses. The first section focus is on the theoretical understanding of self in respect to the space around us. The second section provides a historical background into the relationship between Native Americans and British colonial power. The last section focus is on the affiliation of otherworldliness that exist between
In George E. Tinker’s book, American Indian Liberation: A Theology of Sovereignty, the atrocities endured by many of the first peoples, Native American tribes, come into full view. Tinker argues that the colonization of these groups had and continues to have lasting effects on their culture and thus their theology. There is a delicate balance to their culture and their spiritual selves within their tightly knit communities prior to contact from the first European explorers. In fact, their culture and spiritual aspects are so intertwined that it is conceptually impossible to separate the two, as so many Euro-American analysts attempted. Tinker points to the differences between the European and the Native American cultures and mind sets as ultimately
By introducing how Christopher Columbus coining the term “Indian” influenced the initial perception of Native Americans. Although he paints them as intellectual, generous, and happy people, there is also account of them being cannibalistic, thieves, and intimidating. As a result of this depiction and many more, American Indians are never seen as good enough in comparison to Whites due to not being Christian and civilized. Along with this view, they were seen as “wilder” and “savage” Indians, which is to this assumption that Native Americans do not have guidance (13). Also considered heathens, this idea that converting them to Christianity came about through Alexander Whitaker’s pamphlet. Furthermore, separation of American Indians according to tribes was unheard of and resulted in grouping all the tribes into the same customs and beliefs. In effect, they were described as the opposite of Whites by lacking features necessary to being successful as a Caucasian
The English took their land and disrupted their traditional systems of trade and agriculture. As a result, the power of native religious leaders was corrupted. The Indians we...
Professor and poet Deborah A. Miranda, pieces together the past and uncovers and presents us with a story--a Californian story--in her memoir, “Bad Indians.” Her use of the Christian Novena, “Novena to Bad Indians,” illustrates the irony of using the form of her oppressors as a call out for help, not to God, but to her past ancestors. We tend to think of religion as a form of salvation and redemption of our lives here on Earth, in which we bare down and ask for forgiveness. But by challenging this common discourse using theological allegories and satirical terminology, Miranda turns her attention away from a Deity to call the reader out for help. It is crucial to recognize the struggles that the Native community currently face. Californian Indians are often not given recognition for their identity and their heritage, and are also repeatedly stereotyped as abusive, alcoholic, uncivilized, and “freeloaders” of the United States government. Such generalizations root back from European colonization, nevertheless still linger in our contemporary society. Miranda has taken the first step forward in characterizing few of these stereotypes in her Novena, but she’s given her story. Now what are we going to do with ours? It’s up to us to create our
In this way the religion practiced by the Native Americans was taken as contradictions to Christianity. The natives were informed that Christianity was designed to be an eternal rule of significance and a means from which they could use to return to God from their religions that had deviated (Eliot par. 3). Through sermons given by Whitfield, the minds of the natives were engaged in religion and making religion the subject of most of their discussions. They embraced all the opportunities to hear what was been taught on Christianity. The Christian revivals were attended by the young and old alike (Edwards par.
Although the work is 40 years old, “Custer Died for Your Sins” is still relevant and valuable in explaining the history and problems that Indians face in the United States. Deloria’s book reveals the White view of Indians as false compared to the reality of how Indians are in real life. The forceful intrusion of the U.S. Government and Christian missionaries have had the most oppressing and damaging affect on Indians. There is hope in Delorias words though. He believes that as more tribes become more politically active and capable, they will be able to become more economically independent for future generations. He feels much hope in the 1960’s generation of college age Indians returning to take ownership of their tribes problems and build a better future for their children.
Although the work is 40 years old, “Custer Died for Your Sins” is still relevant and valuable in explaining the history and problems that Indians face in the United States. Deloria book reveals the Whites view of Indians as false compared to the reality of how Indians are in real life. The forceful intrusion of the U.S. Government and Christian missionaries have had the most oppressing and damaging effect on Indians. There is hope in Delorias words though. He believes that as more tribes become more politically active and capable, they will be able to become more economically independent for future generations. He feels much hope in the 1960’s generation of college age Indians returning to take ownership of their tribes problems.
The Battle of Little Bighorn is one of the most, maybe even the most, controversial battle in American history. General George Armstrong Custer led his 210 troops into battle and never came out. Miscalculations, blunders, and personal glory led Custer not only to his death, but also being the most talked about soldier in this battle. But all the blame doesn’t just go on Custer’s shoulders; it also goes on Captain Frederick Benteen and Major Marcus Reno, who both fought in the battle. Both the Captain and the Major both made serious mistakes during the fight, most notable Major Marcus Reno being flat out drunk during the course of the battle. All of these factors have led The Battle of Little Bighorn to being the worst lost to any Plains Indian group in American history.
The American version of history blames the Native people for their ‘savage ' nature, for their failure to adhere to the ‘civilized norms ' of property ownership and individual rights that Christian people hold, and for their ‘brutality ' in defending themselves against the onslaught of non-Indian settlers. The message to Native people is simple: "If only you had been more like us, things might have been different for you.”
Native Americans have had a long history of resistance to the social and cultural assimilation into white culture. By employing various creative strategies, Native Americans have attempted to cope with the changes stemming from the European colonial movement into the Americas. There are fundamental differences in world views and cultural and social orders between Indians and Europeans, which contributed to conservatism in Native American cultures. In this paper, two aspects of such cultural and institutional differences of Native American societies will be examined: holistic Native American beliefs versus dualistic world views and harmony versus domination. These two aspects are important in terms of explaining changes (or lack thereof) in Native American societies because they suggest that the Native American world view is more cyclical and its components are interlinked, while Western societies have a clear demarcation between cultural elements, such as religion, kinship, and morality. However, there are certain limitations to the theoretical frameworks that explain conservatism in Indian cultures because these theories are oriented around the Western world view and were developed based on the Western terms; therefore, indigenous population was not taken into account when these theories were developed.
Hooks, Gregory, and Chad Smith. “The Treadmill of Destruction: National Sacrifice Areas and Native Americans.” American Sociological Review 69.4 (2004): 558-575. EBSCO Host. Web. 01 December, 2009.
The nature of the cultural confrontation that took place between Old and New World cultures was profoundly shaped by the condition of fifteenth century Christian Europe at the moment of contact. Recent scholarship demonstrating parallels between New World and Old World paganism(1) raises the question of whether the reactions of fifteenth century Europeans to the native American cultures were conditioned by their own subconscious awareness of such cultural similarities. Given their history of suppression of their own primitive past, Europeans responded to the New World in the only way they knew how. Everywhere they turned they encountered alien cultural traditions exhibiting characteristics that reminded them of their own subconscious dragons. Acceptance of the Indian cultures on their own terms would have threatened the very catholic social order that had been the sole unifying force in Europe since the disintegration of the Roman Empire. The European predisposition to denigrate everything outside Christian experience was further accentuated by deep internal divisions within Europe that began to rend Christendom asunder in the sixteenth century.
Crazy Horse was a warrior and took part in many wars and battles between the Native Americans and the Americans during the westward expansion. In the wars he led his warriors who decoyed Captain Fetterman and 80 soldiers out of Fort Phil Kearny to their deaths in 1866. He led the thousand warriors who fought General George Crook and his thousand soldiers to a bloody draw on Rosebud Creek in June of 1876. Anf he led the warriors in the charge up the hill that outflanked Colonel George A. Custer at the Little Bighorn just a week after the fight on the Rosebud. Custer and more than 200 of his men were killed. It was the greatest Native American victory, but it was also their greatest disaster because the Americans decided the Natives should no
Although ideal, Jakobsen and Bernstein reveal that a pure secular country is something that will most likely never be achieved in America. Secular American law depends on Christianity, explicitly Protestantism. An interesting concept pointed out by the authors of this study is where exactly the notion of the earliest Americans thinking they had some sort of dominion over the Native American peoples came from. Steve Newcomb, a Shawnee, Lenape scholar and author, recognizes a theme between the early American settlers and the Old Testament. Because in the Old Testament God granted dominion to his followers over the infidel natives and their land. This attitude construed by the Old Testament gives leeway to the thought that American people then