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Ethical safeguards in clinical research
Ethical safeguards in clinical research
Ethical safeguards for clinical research
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The main objective is to critique the journal research article “Evidence-Based Prevention: A Comparison of Oral Hygiene Advice Given by Dental Care and Professional Students.” Dentist and dental professionals, such as a dental hygienist or dental assistant, give oral hygiene advice to patients. This study aimed specifically at student dentists and dental care professionals and examined the oral hygiene advice they gave to their patients. An important factor that is mentioned is that the oral hygiene advice has to adhere to evidence-bases recommendations by the Department of Health and the Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Critiquing the compliance and adherence, this paper will observe critical elements such as: problem statement, hypothesis, independent and dependent variables, sample and population, research design, measurement, and data collection process.
Problem Statement When discussing tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste, the Western society has made it an essential part of oral hygiene health. Unfortunately, the very broad techniques of brushing and different types of toothbrushes create a confusing trend. An example is when a person walks into the store looking for a toothbrush and toothpaste for teeth whitening. Almost, if not all, labels in boxes of toothpaste promote stain removal
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This particular research had ethical approval from the Cardiff University Ethics Committee. The research says, “The study protocol incorporating the survey questionnaire satisfied all ethical requirements relating to the use of human subjects; formal ethical approval was obtained from the Cardiff University Ethics Committee.” According to Cardiff University Ethics Committee, it’s their job to protect the safety of research subjects while at the same time providing the highest academic standards. The ethical research conducted satisfies the Ethical
Thesis Statement: Concerns for water fluoridation stem from the toxicity of fluoride, the dangers fluoride pose to the body, and equal declining tooth decay seen for fluoridated and non-fluoridated countries.
o Please describe a time when you performed a thorough head, neck and oral exam and the findings had a significant impact on how you proceeded with the dental hygiene process of care. Annette was performing her usual head, neck, and oral exam on a patient and found an enlarged thyroid. She recommended to the patient that she go see her primary care physician to get a better diagnosis. The patient went to her primary care physician and was told there was probably nothing. Later, the patient returned to the dental office and saw Annette and told her what the physician said.
Dental Hygienist: Have you been flossing? If not, the Dental Hygienist will know. A Dental Hygienist examines and makes sure that you have been flossing, brushing, and much more on your teeth. You really should make sure that you schedule cleanings every couple months or so. Your teeth are a big part of your health, and if you don’t take care of them, you will eventually end up with fake teeth, or the proper name would be Dentures.
There are many opportunities out there for hygienists to deliver the health care message to not only the individuals that cannot afford to go to the dental office, but also the individuals like older citizens and disabled individuals and to different schools around the nation. With that being said, it is not only just the hygienist job to provide that information. Other healthcare professionals are expected to come together and commonly agree on accurate information to specific individuals. “Healthcare professions, including dental hygienists, nurses and physicians should be communicating with each other and working collaboratively for common health care goals. This is the way that we should be practicing and also educating the future” (Pera). It is important to educate children now and get it in their heads that taking care of their teeth and gums and also their body in general is a good way to be successful not just now, but in the future as well. In order to do so, all health care professions are required to step up and come together to inform the young children in schools as well as the underprivileged people who lack the knowledge
Dental carries is one of the most common oral diseases in the world, and it often goes untreated due to the expense of treatment. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) 60 to 90 percent of school aged children throughout the world suffer from untreated dental carries. Ethnic minorities, the poor, the elderly, and those who are mentally and/or physically disabled are other disparities who also suffer from untreated dental caries (Alcorn & Rogo; 2012). Looking for a way to solve the epidemic of dental caries by providing affordable treatment, silver diamine fluoride (SDF), also known as the “silver fluoride bullet,” was created. Claiming to be both affordable and effective, SDF could be the answer to low cost carries treatment the world has been searching for. The purpose of this paper is to research the efficacy of silver diamine fluoride in comparison to sodium fluoride varnish. Our PICO question is: In a patient with dentinal caries, will the use of silver diamine fluoride compared to sodium fluoride varnish, be more effective at arresting caries?
Dentistry as a profession over the years has evolved rapidly in light of new scientific evidence. Rapidly evolving science and technology have implemented changes within dentistry as evidenced by new standards and guidelines being produced by nationally recognised associations including National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE), Faculty of General Dental Practice (FGDP) and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) in Scotland, in provision of new scientific evidence. The latest standards and guidelines produced, endorse everyday clinical practice through evidence based dentistry (REF). All dental professionals as part of continued professional development are expected to keep to date on relevant guidelines and knowledge related to their practice (REF). This is supported by the General Dental Council who state all clinicians must maintain their professional knowledge and competence throughout their working career (REF).
Seventy percent of the US population now receives fluoridated drinking water, an industrial grade level chemical most commonly associated with the prevention of tooth decay, and in Virginia especially, 95.7% of all public water is fluoridated (CDC). I present this numbers to your concern because for something that is almost in all public drinking water, it is not informed to the average Virginia citizen, but that is not the primary issue I am addressing you for. My main matter of concern is that more recent studies performed by scientist in the US and abroad are now finally advocating decade old cautions back then just acknowledged as unsubstantial research or even myths on how rather potentially hazardous the fluoridation of water is for
Promoting oral health and disease prevention: Dentist should create an awareness to public in order to reduce oral problems. It is important for the public to know the importance of oral health to general health and well being.
In conclusion, its recommended that patients brush two-three times a day two minutes long to insure that most of the bacteria is removed from the teeth,gums, and tongue also. Flossing after every meal should also be done regularly because of left foods that get stuck between the teeth. There are many kinds of toothpaste, but not all contain fluorine. Its important that you chose on that does have fluorine because it rebuild tooth enamel and strengthen the tooth too.
The child is at stage three linguistic speech in oral development (Fellows & Oakley, 2014). They show evidence of this in both their receptive and expressive language meeting the criteria for this stage (Fellows & Oakley, 2014). They show evidence of their receptive language by their ability in being able to understand opposites (Fellows & Oakley, 2014). While they had some issues with the differences between soft and scratchy they were able to demonstrate the differences between big and little several times during the dialogue. They showed evidence of their expressive language by their use of telegraphic speech, expanding vocabulary and in the ability to take in turns of speaking and listening (Fellows & Oakley, 2014). Telegraphic
As I started my new journey of becoming a dental hygienist, I came into the program with no background of dental. I came into this program with an open mind and willing to embrace new concepts as well as develop new skills. During my time at the Canadian Academy of Dental Hygiene (CADH), I learned that as a dental hygienist that I am committed to promoting and helping each individual achieve their optimal oral health goals. In support of my client’s goals, I may assume any or all of the roles included in the dental hygiene scope of practice. My goal throughout this program was to help my clients achieve their optimal oral health goals through education, health promotion and providing preventive and clinical therapy.
Wiener, R. Constance, Richard J. Crout, and Michael A. Wiener. "Toothpaste use by children, oral
Howrad C, D. L. (2001). The Science and Ethics of Water Fluoridation. Journal of Canadian Dental Association, 67(10), 578-580.
Following the ethical codes and getting approval from the Institutional Review Board (if the study has human subjects) can really decrease the possibility of any harm being done to the participants. A perfect example of a research study that had lots of things unethical practices was the Tuskegee Syphilis study:
As the consumers are becoming more concerned about the health of their teeth, the toothbrush companies are focusing on helping them have an optimal dental health, and offering various types of toothbrush; to do this they must be all the time focused on what the customer's needs are.