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The Odyssey annotated bibliography
An analysis of Odysseus' characters
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Evaluate and Analyze the manner in which Odysseus embodies the Greek’s ideal hero Almost three thousand years ago, people living in Greece told stories, like epics. Epics are long narrative poems that tell of the adventures of heroes who in some way embodied the values of their civilizations. These heroes exhibit many of the same characteristics. In his epic, “The Odyssey”, Homer portrays Odysseus as a hero, because Odysseus also shares those characteristics. Odysseus embodies the Greek’s ideal hero, because he displays the traits of physical strength, mental prowess, and human flaws. Odysseus shows physical strength, along with many other heroes. Odysseus shows strength through blinding the Cyclopes. “...straight forward they sprinted, lifted it, and rammed it deep in his crater eye, and I leaned on it...we bored that great eye socket...” (377, 378, 383). The manner in which Odysseus is strong is shown through him blinding the Cyclopes, Polyphemus. Odysseus uses his physical strength to blind the …show more content…
Cyclopes and save not only himself, but also his men. Odysseus saved his men by using his physical strength. “I drove them, all three wailing, to the ships, tied them down under their rowing benches” (211,212). Odysseus saves three protesting soldiers from losing hope of home. Odysseus embodies the ideal hero by not only having strength, but also using it to save his men. Odysseus is the Greek’s ideal hero because he shows physical strength through blinding a Cyclopes, and tieing down three soldiers. Like the Greek’s ideal heroes, Odysseus shows mental prowess.
Odysseus uses his intelligence to not get caught blinding Polyphemus by the other Cyclopes’. “My name is Nohbdy...everyone calls me Nohbdy...Polyphemus roared in answer: ‘Nohbdy, Nohbdy’s tricked me, Nohbdy’s ruined me!” (360, 361, 402, 403). Odysseus tricked Polyphemus so that he and his men could get past the Cyclopes’. His intelligence is shown through this quote by tricking the Cyclopes to think that his name was ‘Nohbdy’ which then resulted in Odysseus not to be caught. Odysseus is using his wit to find out what the Lotus is doing to his men. “... clear the beach and no one taste the Lotus, or you lose your hope of home…” (214, 215). Odysseus quickly found out that the Lotus makes you lose hope of going home. Overmore, he resolves to resist the temptations of the Lotus-Eaters. Odysseus shows mental prowess through tricking the Cyclopes, Polyphemus, and figuring out the threat the Lotus
poses. Odysseus is the Greek’s ideal hero, because he shows the human flaws of recklessness, and arrogance. Odysseus was being reckless while tormenting the Cyclopes. “Cyclopes, if ever mortal man inquire how you were put to shame and blinded, tell him Odysseus, raider of cities, took your eye: Laertes’ son, whose home on Ithaca!” (502, 503, 504, 505). Odysseus's flaws are shown through this quote by Odysseus proudly yelling out his name to further torment the Cyclopes. His arrogance is shown too, because he wanted everyone to know who blinded Polyphemus, and add to his reputation. Odysseus believes that he is important, and acts arrogant. “Men hold me formidable for guile in peace and war: this fame has gone abroad to the sky’s rim” (128, 129). Odysseus is shown to be arrogant because he proclaims that he has intelligence in peace and war. Odysseus's flaw is being egotistic, because he believes that he is held in high regard. Odysseus shows human flaws by recklessly taunting the Cyclopes, and thinking very highly of himself. Odysseus embodies the Greek’s ideal hero, because he displays the traits of physical strength, mental prowess, and human flaws. Odysseus is the Greek’s ideal hero because he shows physical strength through blinding a Cyclopes, and tieing down three soldiers. Odysseus shows mental prowess through tricking the Cyclopes, Polyphemus, and finding the threat that the Lotus flower poses. Odysseus shows human flaws by recklessly taunting the Cyclopes, and thinking very highly of himself. Odysseus fits the mold of the Greek’s ideal hero.
Opposed to that of common thought, superman is not the only type of character that fits the heroic persona. Although “superheroes” typically come to mind when one thinks of a hero, there are many other ordinary people capable of extraordinary things. A hero is a person who takes the initiative to set out on a journey of internal growth. During this symbolic journey, one truly finds himself and betters the lives of other mentally and physically. In Homer’s epic poem The Odyssey, Odysseus takes the path of heroism, resulting in the reborn spirit of a selfless, modest hero. During the process, Odysseus is faced with many challenges that he must overcome in order to earn the noble title. Odysseus proves himself to be a well-deserving hero because he is intelligent with his decisions, he displays cleverness, and he rids himself of hubris.
Throughout Odysseus’s meandering and consequent homecoming in Ithaca, Homer depicts many different aspects of Odysseus’s personality in his epic poem “The Odyssey”. Although Odysseus is smart, brave, and is a great fighter, in reality, he is an overconfident madman. Throughout Homer’s classic epic, Odysseus uses his skill to overcome many obstacles. However, in each story, overconfidence is always a major theme, and Odysseus’s hubris always causes him to do crazy things. At the end, Odysseus’s arrogance is his fatal flaw, and leads him into trouble.
The Odyssey, by Homer and translated by Robert Fitzgerald, is an epic poem written about 3000 years ago. It is essentially a sequel to the Iliad, as it tells of the story of a Greek man named Odysseus and his ten year journey back home to Ithaca, after the Trojan War. It also follows the story of his estate and his wife Penelope which are both being fought over by the suitors that have occupied his palace and are consuming his goods. Along with his son, Telemachus, who is set out on a journey to uncover the whereabouts of his father by the Greek goddess Athena. The epic also gives insight to many of the classic Greek ideals that Odysseus embodies and other Greek virtues and values that are explored through the story of Odysseus’s journey back home. A striking resemblance is seen between Odysseus’s characteristics and many of the characteristics we see in heroes in modern culture and entertainment today. Another striking resemblance is that of the journey of Odysseus and how closely it follows that of the Hero’s Journey archetype. Although some of these Greek ideals still maintain to be relevant, others are
There are numerous heroes throughout “The Odyssey,” but none of them are as significant as Odysseus. “The Odyssey” is a narrative poem written by Homer (around 800 and 600 BCE) to show the numerous adventures and experiences Odysseus goes through. Throughout the Odyssey, Odysseus a prominent Greek epic hero is on a quest to return back to his home in Ithaca; to his wife Penelope, and his son Telemachus. Just like real life, not all heroes are picture-perfect; they all have imperfections. In this case, Odysseus is sometimes insolent, and discourteous; but he is still considered an epic hero because of the many heroic qualities he endures. Odysseus proves himself to be an outstanding hero in various ways such as showing loyalty, intelligence, bravery, strength, and courage which are all some of the most momentous qualities found in a hero. If a true hero can prove they are a true hero, makes them a true hero.
Often through great literature, there is an epic hero. In the Odyssey, Homer tells the journey of one man’s journey home from the Trojan War. The protagonist of the epic poem Odysseus is often regarded as a great hero. However, Odysseus is not quite the glorious soldier that people often see him as. Odysseus shows that he is an antihero through his pride, disloyalty, and bloodthirstiness.
Similar to an elaborate dish, a literary genre consists of multiple necessary “ingredients,” called epic conventions, which classify a text into a particular category. Homer follows an impeccable recipe in his magnificent work. Labeled as an epic, The Odyssey by Homer portrays the Greek hero Odysseus years after his victory in the Trojan War and his awaited journey back to Ithaca. As the plot develops it is evident it is no effortless feat for our hero to return home. The godly Odysseus encounters adversities in the forms of Cyclops, sea monsters, alluring flowers and formidable Greek gods with varying conceptions of him. These characteristics distinguish the Odyssey and its episodes as an epic and bestow Odysseus with the title of an epic
The question has been raised as to whether or not Odysseus, the hero of Homers The Odyssey, is an epic hero. An epic Hero portrays many classic properties, including being very strong and courageous. Odysseus is an epic hero, because he portrays many of these and other traits, such as having a goal that is foremost in his mind, and having descended into the underworld.
Odysseus (Ulysses in Roman) was one of the great Pan-Hellenic heroes of Greek mythology. Famous for his courage, intelligence and leadership he was most recognized through his resourcefulness and oratory skills. Throughout classical literature and through many authors Odysseus’ characteristics have changed as much as the stories that surround him. The epic and tragedy I will focus on in particular is The Odyssey by Homer and Hecuba by Euripides. The defining characteristics of Odysseus ranges widely as is shown in Homer’s The Odyssey and Euripides’s Hecuba. The figure of Odysseus in homers The Odyssey is the antithesis of the Odysseus in Euripides Hecuba due to their historical contexts and respective audiences.
Polyphemus had strength that was no match for men. Odysseus had physical strength, but his real strength is the mind. Odysseus would find himself in many predicaments in which he would have to choose how he will tackle the situation. One such occasion happens to be when Polyphemus captured Odysseus and his men and would not allow them to leave the cave. The boulder is placed in front of thee opening so that none of the men could budge it. The only way out would be to have Polyphemus push the boulder back out of the way. Odysseus must think of a way to make this happen. Odysseus tricked Polyphemus into opening the door by through a series of events. First, Odysseus filled him with wine making him sleepy. Once asleep Odysseus poked his eye with a hot spike. He then tells Polyphemus that no man has tricked you. “And I was filled with laughter to see how like a charm the name deceived them.” (Page 907) Odysseus was well pleased with the way he handled this situation. As an epic simile this line shows how Odysseus must rely on something other than strength, and that he tricked him, like a charm had been used into doing what he needed Polyphemus to do. He used intelligence to get the Cyclops to do as Odysseus would want. Just as Ody...
To begin, one feature that makes Odysseus and epic hero is his intelligence. In order for him to have survived through his journey, he has to have a massive amount of intellect. To have survived a Cyclops is an accomplishment of its own. His ability to think on his feet and to plan situations and ability to make a right decision in horrid environments has helped him survive throughout his disastrous journey. When he is trapped by the Cyclops, Polyphemus, he has to carve, smooth, and sharpen a gigantic spear-shaped-pole out of a large tree that he and his strongest men would then use it on the Cyclops to blind it. In order to follow through with his plan, Odysseus has to sedate him. He gives Polyphemus an extremely strong wine, in which Polyphemus asks him his name. Odysseus replies: “My name is Nohbdy; mother, father, friends, everyone call me Nohbdy”(9.274-9.275) When the Cyclops passes out, Odysseus and four of his strongest men stab Polyphemus in his eye with the sharpened pole that he and his men ...
In the Odyssey, Odysseus’ cleverness, a useful trait, leads to Odysseus’ displaying arrogance, making his strength transform into a weakness when used to the extreme. For example, when Odysseus and his men find themselves stranded on the island with the Cyclops, Odysseus cleverly escapes by tricking the Cyclops to believe his name was Nobody. As a result, when Odysseus and his men attack the Cyclops, the Cyclops attempts to yell to his fellow Cyclopes that Nobody is attacking him. Odysseus’ clever antics allow him and his men to escape the ferocious Cyclops, proving Odysseus’s wittiness an invaluable trait. Odysseus’ cleverness manages to allow many of his men to escape from a seemingly inescapable place. With the odds stacked against Odysseus
To begin with, Odysseus is an intelligent and clever man. He is a hero because he has the capacity to understand the situations and think through the struggles they are going to face. Odysseus is put against all the odds possible, and at times it seems like the gods are against him. Odysseus tricks the Cyclops, Polyphemus, in a very strategic way and handled the situation effectively. “My name is Nohbdy: mother, father, and friends, / everyone calls me Nohbdy (Homer 498). Odysseus’ cleverness is brought out because he conceived an idea that would be adequate enough to trick a Cyclops. Later when Polyphemus is stabbed, he screams, “Nohbdy, Nohbdy’s tricked
Every story has a hero, whose journey to find something, whether that is victory over evil, success, or self-fufillment. But what each hero must also have in common is flaws that humanize them and make them relatable to the moral middle ground of real people. The most beloved stories are one is which perspective is the only thing separating the hero and villian. Odysseus is an example of a hero who closely straddles the line between good and evil, with his violence, arrogance, and infidelity in direct conflict with his wit, bravery, and determination. The power of a story is shown in The Odyssey, as Odysseus is kept immortally alive as a protagonist who is cheered on by the readers. The development of Odysseus as a hero takes place through
The idea of a true hero is varied from person to person, because each viewpoint has a different idea of the personality that makes one a hero. There have been many fiction and non-fiction heroes that show different character traits, which influence people’s definitions of a hero. However, each person’s unique thought about a hero still focuses about one central idea: a hero must prove himself in order to earn his heroic status. This is the cornerstone of all the opinions about heroes because heroes have to show their heroism in order to become who they are in the end. At the beginning they are inexperienced, ordinary people who go on their adventures, and face their fears and weaknesses, but they develop greatly throughout these journeys. After comprehending what true heroism is and following it only then will they become heroes even though each of them has different traits. In the epic poem The Odyssey, by Homer, Odysseus gains the title of hero during his journey back to Ithaka, from Troy, by proving to be one. It is through his characteristics and experiences that he becomes the well developed man at the end of the book. In truth, because of his confidence, loyalty, and difficult struggles, Odysseus becomes a genuine hero to the people he defended.
Homer’s literature served as a moral messenger to the people of ancient Greece. The Odyssey by Homer demonstrates the character development of Odysseus, the epic hero, and his journey of self-discovery. Odysseus was a great, wise, noble, and well respected war hero to his people. Odysseus had one tragic flaw that was demonstrated by his actions throughout the book. The author Homer continued to strip Odysseus of his arrogance throughout the story, by throwing challenges his way, making him pay for his mistakes, and allowing him to continue to overcome obstacles. The main purpose of Odysseus journey also to reach his home a more humble man. Reading Odysseus’ journey also served as a way to look at morals. The